Polygon巨震!Aave和Lido接连退出,10亿稳定币计划引发生态危机

Odaily星球日报2024-12-18 tarihinde yayınlandı2024-12-18 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

Polygon再次回到社交媒体的讨论当中,却不是因为什么重大更新,而是AAVE和Lido等生态伙伴的退出。

原文作者:Frank,PANews


作为多链互操作性、零知识证明应用以及 DeFi、NFT 生态系统的重要推动者,Polygon 曾在上一轮牛市周期中大放异彩。然而,在这一年来,Polygon 等许多公链项目都未能实现新的突破,而是逐渐淹没在 Solana、Sui 或 Base 等新竞争对手的光芒之下。而当 Polygon 再次回到社交媒体的讨论当中,却不是因为什么重大更新,而是 AAVE 和 Lido 等生态伙伴的退出。


“借鸡生蛋”提案引发担忧


12 月 16 日,Aave 贡献者团队 Aave Chan 在社区发布一项提案,即将其借贷服务从 Polygon 的权益证明(PoS)链上撤出。该提案由 Aave Chan 创始人 Marc Zeller 撰写,旨在逐步淘汰 Aave 在 Polygon 上的借贷协议,以防范未来可能出现的安全风险。Aave 是 Polygon 上最大的去中心化应用,其在 PoS 链上的存款超过 4.66 亿美元。


无独有偶,同一天流动性质押协议 Lido 宣布,在接下来的几个月内,Polygon 网络上的 Lido 将正式停用。Lido 社区表示,战略上重新关注以太坊,以及 Polygon POS 缺乏可扩展性,是停用 Polygon 网络上的 Lido 的原因。


一天内损失两个大的重要的生态应用,Polygon 可谓迎来沉痛打击。主要的原因,则全都来源于 12 月 13 日,Polygon 社区发布的“Polygon PoS 跨链流动性计划”Pre-PIP 改进提案。该提案的主要目标,是提议利用 PoS 链桥上持有的超过 10 亿美元的稳定币储备来产生收益。

Polygon生态困境:「借鸡生蛋」提案引担忧,AAVE和Lido集体退场


据了解,Polygon PoS 桥接中持有约 13 亿美元的稳定币储备,社区建议将这些闲置资金部署到经过精心挑选的流动性池中,以产生收益并促进 Polygon 生态系统的发展。根据当前的贷款利率,这些资金每年可能带来约 7000 万美元的收益。


该提案建议将这些资金逐步投入符合 ERC-4626 标准的金库中。具体策略包括:


DAI:存入 Maker 的 sUSDS,这是 Maker 生态系统的官方收益型代币。
USDC 和 USDT:通过 Morpho Vaults 作为主要收益来源,Allez Labs 负责风险管理。

初始市场包括 Superstate 的 USTB、Maker 的 sUSDS 和 Angle 的 stUSD。
此外,Yearn 将管理新的生态系统激励计划,利用这些收益来激励 Polygon PoS 和更广泛的 AggLayer 生态系统中的活动。


值得注意的是,这项提案的署名正是 Allez Labs、Morpho Association、Yearn。根据 Defillama 12 月 17 日数据显示,Polygon 的总 TVL 为 12.3 亿美元,其中,AAVE 上的 TVL 约为 4.65 亿美元,占比约为 37.8% 。而 Yearn Finance 的 TVL 则排名生态内 26 名,TVL 量约为 369 万美元。这或许就解释了为什么 AAVE 会因安全的原因提出退出 Polygon。


显然,从 AAVE 的视角来看,这项提案就是拿着 AAVE 的钱放到其他的借贷协议上去生息。作为 Polygon POS 跨链桥资金最大应用,AAVE 在这样的提案中并不能获益,反而要承担资金安全的风险。


不过,Lido 的撤走可能与这个提案无关,毕竟 Lido 关于重新评估 Polygon 的提案和投票早在一个月前就发布,只是恰好在这个时间发布。


生态发展疲软的无奈之举
如果 AAVE 撤出的提案正式通过,Polygon 上的 TVL 将降至 7.65 亿美元,已经无法实现 Pre-PIP 改进提案中所说的 10 亿美元资金储备。而生态内排在第二的 Uniswap,TVL 量约为 3.9 亿美元,如果 Uniswap 也跟进提出 AAVE 类似的方案,那么 Polygon 上的 TVL 量将骤降至 3.7 亿美元左右。不仅每年 7000 万美元的生息目标无法完成,整个生态内的各个环节都会受到影响,如治理代币币价、活跃用户等。或许损失要远超过 7000 万美元。


那么,从这个结果来看,这项提案似乎并不是一个明智之举。Polygon 社区为何要提出这个方案?在近一年的发展当中,Polygon 生态究竟是怎样的状态?


Polygon 生态最繁荣的时候是 2021 年 6 月,当时的 TVL 总量达到 92.4 亿美元,是今天的 7.5 倍。而随着时间流逝,Polygon 的 TVL 曲线则一路下滑,从 2022 年 6 月就开始维持在 13 亿美元左右,再无太大的起伏。到 2023 年,还曾一度跌至 6 亿美元左右。2024 年,市场回暖,Polygon 的 TVL 量多数情况下也还是在 10 亿美元以下,从 10 月份开始才勉强回升至 10 亿美元以上。

Polygon生态困境:「借鸡生蛋」提案引担忧,AAVE和Lido集体退场


而在活跃地址数上, 10 月 29 日 Polygon PoS 的活跃地址约为 43.9 万个,这一水平与一年前的数据相差无几,虽然在今年 3 月到 8 月,Polygon PoS 的活跃地址数曾有大幅提升,一度达到 165 万个。但不知什么原因在市场最火热的时候反而极速冷却。

Polygon生态困境:「借鸡生蛋」提案引担忧,AAVE和Lido集体退场


代币的市场表现同样表现不佳, 2024 年 3 月到 11 月,POL 代币的价格并未跟随比特币等大盘上涨,反而一路下滑,从年初的 1.3 美元最低跌至 0.28 美元,跌幅超过 77% 。在近一两个月内才开始反弹回升,近期价格已反弹至 0.6 美元左右,但距离近 3 美元的历史最高点还需增长 5 倍左右。


技术创新+品牌升级不如“发钱”
生态发展疲软,Polygon 在技术和产品方面并未放弃,在近一年内多次发布技术创新和产品布局的声音。表现最亮眼的自然是预测市场 Polymarket 在近一年的发展。此外, 10 月,Polygon 发布了新的统一区块链生态系统 AggLayer,据官方的介绍称,Agglayer =统一链(L1、L2、L∞),但显然这个新生态系统的定位似乎不太好理解, 11 月份官方还曾专门发表一篇文章对 AggLayer 解释。


另外,生态内 ZK 证明系统工具包 Polygon Plonky 3 成为最快的零知识证明系统。Vitalik 也在推特上互动称“你们赢了这场比赛”。


除了技术之外,今年许多老牌公链喜欢通过改名换币的方式来重塑品牌,Polygon 早就进行过品牌重塑,从 Matic 更名为 Polygon。且对当前的市场环境来说,非颠覆式的技术创新似乎已经很难成为一个项目的叙事优势,这对于 Polygon 等扔执着于技术创新或者希望通过整合重塑品牌的项目来说,的确是一件残酷的事实。


而真正能够吸引用户,保持关注的往往是奖励分配或者激励计划,如近期风头正劲的 Hyperliquid。而 Polygon 想在这方面改革,可用的牌明显不多,链上的费用方面,Polygon 每天的费用产生仅为数万美元,这些收入也无法让用户提起兴趣。于是,就有了开头提到的“借鸡生蛋”提案。


但显然,“母鸡”的主人不同意这个生意,Polygon 反而因此可能失去更多。总体来看,Polygon 生态发展停滞不前的根本原因,是其缺乏足够的用户激励与新叙事驱动力。面对市场竞争加剧,Polygon 需要在技术创新之外,寻找更具吸引力的市场策略。而这也是当下大部分老公链们共同的困局。

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AAVE Nasıl Satın Alınır

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