当美元失去信任,黄金 RWA 悄悄成为新的压舱石

深潮TechFlowPublished on 2025-04-29Last updated on 2025-04-29

Abstract

截至 2025 年 4 月,黄金 RWA 赛道的整体市值已达到 14.5 亿美元。


撰文:ChandlerZ,Foresight News
4 月 28 日,Tether 发布了其首份针对 Tether Gold(XAU₮)的官方审计报告。数据显示,截至一季度末,Tether Gold 流通量达到 246,523.33 盎司,折合 7.7 吨实物黄金,总市值 7.7 亿美元,每枚代币价值 3123.57 美元,并在 4 月 21 日触及 3423 美元的历史新高。每一枚 XAU₮均由实物黄金 1:1 托管,黄金存放于瑞士世界级金库,由伦敦金银市场协会(LBMA)认证并接受定期独立审核。
表面上,这只是另一份规范合规、数据扎实的财务披露;但在更深的层面,它透露了两个趋势的交汇,即黄金作为全球财富基石的复归,以及链上世界对可信价值锚的渴望。
黄金的回归,不只是情绪
从数据看,黄金正在经历一场静悄悄的结构性回流。2024 年,全球央行净购金量达到 1044.6 吨,连续第二年刷新纪录,其中 BRICS 国家尤为积极。央行的持续囤金,并不只是短期金融波动的反射,而更像是对未来国际货币秩序变化的本能应对。
而在民间市场,黄金价格也在以更猛烈的姿态重塑存在感。4 月 22 日,COMEX 黄金期货价格盘中最高触及 3504.2 美元 / 盎司,上海黄金交易所现货金价亦飙升至 832.42 元 / 克,均刷新历史纪录。黄金的狂飙,背后是关税战引发的供应链恐慌、美元信用体系裂痕加剧,以及滞胀风险重新浮现的三重动力交织。


高盛、瑞银等国际金融机构纷纷上调黄金目标价,高盛预计到 2025 年底黄金或升至 3700 美元,极端情形甚至上看 4500 美元。而更深远的变量在于,美国财政赤字率突破 6.6%,美元指数跌至 2023 年以来最低,去美元化潮流渐次展开。黄金作为无国界信用资产,正在重新获得各方青睐。
RWA 逻辑:现实资产的链上重塑
在这一轮黄金复兴浪潮中,不仅是传统金条、ETF 受益,数字化的黄金资产也开始加速生长。Tether Gold 只是其中的领跑者。
数据显示,截至 2025 年 4 月,黄金 RWA 赛道的整体市值达到 14.5 亿美元,较 30 天前增长 13.28%。月度链上转账量激增至 13.1 亿美元,同比增长 127.37%。虽然月活跃地址数有所下降,但总持币地址仍维持在 69,660 个,显示出链上黄金更多成为一种长期持有而非短期交易的配置工具。


市场结构上,黄金 RWA 呈现出高度集中化的格局。PAXG(Paxos 发行)与 XAU₮(Tether 发行)合计占据了 95% 以上的市值份额,远远领先于其他项目。PAXG 目前市值约 4.6 亿美元,XAU₮市值约 3.8 亿美元,其它如 Cache Gold(CGO)、TXAU、WTGOLD 等项目体量微小,流动性与合规性参差不齐。
更为关键的是,这一赛道正在伴随黄金现货价格同步膨胀。尤其是在 2024 年至 2025 年初金价连续突破历史新高的背景下,链上黄金需求爆发式增长,成为资本市场上不可忽视的新现象。
不过,这样的爆发式成长也提醒市场,不同项目在托底资产真实性、审计透明度、法律保障等方面存在巨大差异。真正能在动荡周期中脱颖而出的黄金 RWA,必须兼具强实物背书与高合规标准。
变局之中:黄金 RWA 的战略意义
宏观来看,Tether Gold 所代表的,不只是一个成功的产品实验,而是全球金融结构深层变化的映射。黄金在数字世界的标准化、模块化、可交易化,意味着一种新的资本自由度的诞生:跨越主权体系,抵御法币贬值,服务全球资金流动。
更值得注意的是,这一趋势发生的时间点,正值美元利率政策走向不确定、全球关税壁垒重新抬头之时。在全球金融体系加速碎片化、主权货币信用边界不断收缩的背景下,黄金重新成为超主权信任体系的一部分。而黄金 RWA,则为这种信任体系提供了新的技术承载方式。
但黄金 RWA 的道路并非一片坦途。伪 RWA 项目的风险、法律治理的滞后、标准化清算体系的缺失,都可能成为这个赛道走向成熟的隐秘障碍。链上黄金更需要的是信任体系的重建、规则框架的搭建,以及传统金融与数字世界的真正融合。
更深远的挑战在于,黄金虽然具备价值储存的特性,却天然缺乏「收益生息」的机制,与数字金融时代追求高周转、高杠杆的资本逻辑存在一定张力。黄金 RWA 的成功,需要在资产定价、流通场景、跨境结算等层面,开辟出真正契合新一代全球资本需求的应用空间。

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