两大监管机构负责人全是「自己人」,加密监管新时代开启?

Odaily星球日报Published on 2025-02-13Last updated on 2025-02-13

Abstract

过往加密行业一贯被严厉监管和打压的阴霾,或将烟消云散,一众美国区块链创业者或迎来政策最为宽松的时代。

原文作者: 1912212.eth,Foresight News

特朗普自正式入主白宫后,利好政策频频出现。近日,特朗普已提名 Bitfury 前首席法务官 Jonathan Gould 出任美国货币监理署(OCC)署长,负责监管全国性银行体系。该提名已于 2 月 11 日提交至参议院,任期为五年。

此外,他还提名 a16z 政策负责人 Brian Quintenz 为商品期货交易委员会主席。

美国货币监理署的影响力不容小觑,它是美国最具影响力的银行监管机构之一。OCC 监管的银行控制了美国银行业的大部分资产,包括花旗银行、摩根大通、美国银行等主要银行。由于美国银行体系在全球金融市场的核心地位,OCC 的政策会影响国际银行间交易、美元清算体系以及全球金融稳定。OCC 近年来曾允许全国性银行提供加密托管服务,并探索稳定币与银行体系的融合,对加密行业的合规发展影响深远。

加密行业倡导组织 Blockchain Association 的首席执行官 Kristin Smith 发表声明称,Gould 是出任美国货币监理署署长的绝佳人选,他在加密行业的从业经历使其能够有效领导该机构。lectric Capital 联合创始人 Avichal Garg 也表示,Gould 的提名对于寻求更好金融服务的金融科技和加密货币创始人来说是非常积极的发展。

那么 Gould 究竟是谁,能够得到如此高的评价?

加密、法律、金融资管光鲜履历

两大监管机构负责人全是「自己人」,加密监管新时代开启?

Gould 毕业于普林斯顿大学,随后取得法学博士学位。他在特朗普政府的第一届任期内(2018 年底至 2021 年中)担任美国货币监理署(OCC)高级副署长兼首席法律顾问。资料显示,在 OCC 任职期间,Jonathan 领导法律和许可团队经历了一次重大变革时期,推动该机构更新监管和许可框架,以适应银行业的发展演变。这些改革包括对银行法规的重大修订,涉及《经济增长法》的实施等。在他的领导下,OCC 首次批准金融科技和加密货币银行的牌照,确认加密相关业务的合法性等。

2022 年,Gould 任 Bitfury 的首席法律官,Bitfury 生产比特币挖矿设备,早在数年前就已估值 10 亿美元。Gould 现为 Jones Day 律师事务所的合伙人。

他还曾于 2014 年至 2018 年在贝莱德担任董事,BlackRock(贝莱德)是全球最大的资产管理公司之一,目前管理的资产规模(AUM)已超过 10 万亿美元,在全球金融市场具有举足轻重的地位。

Gould 精通法律,又曾在比特币挖矿公司、资管巨头贝莱德任职,加密、金融与法律均有不错履历,若被正式任命,加密或将迎来监管宽松。Gould 近期曾反对 Chokepoint 2.0 (切断加密与银行的联系),并希望为加密公司提供公平的银行业务准入。

CFTC 提名主席来自风投 a16z 的政策负责人

近日特朗普还提名 a16z 政策负责人 Brian Quintenz 为商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)主席。CFTC 原主席自离职之后,目前暂由特朗普提名的 Caroline Pham 任代理主席。今年早些时候,特朗普团队就面试了多位候选人,其中就包括 CFTC 委员 Summer Mersinger、 Kraken 前首席法务官 Marco Santori 等人,但最终选择了 Brian Quintenz。

CFTC 主要职能是监管美衍生品市场,尤其是期货、期权及其他衍生品交易,该衍生品包括与商品、股票、债券、外汇等相关的期货和期权合约,也是涉及加密货币领域最重要的监管部门之一。

两大监管机构负责人全是「自己人」,加密监管新时代开启?

Brian Quintenz 毕业于杜克大学, 2001 年至 2007 年期间,Quintenz 在美国国会众议员 Deborah Pryce 办公室工作,担任高级政策顾问。2013 年,他创立了 Saeculum Capital Management,专注于风险管理和技术分析投资策略投资。

2017 年 8 月,Brian 被特朗普提名为 CFTC 委员,并于同月获得美国参议院的确认,开始任职。在任期间,他领导了 CFTC 的技术咨询委员会,主持了关于加密货币的公开政策讨论和简报。他还支持为去中心化金融(DeFi)等新兴领域制定量身定制的风险调整监管政策。

2021 年 9 月,Brian 加入 Andreessen Horowitz 担任加密部门的政策主管。

Brian 在 a16z 任职期间,就曾在近期撰文表示「当谈到监管时,终于可以放松了。」对于许多人来说,由于担心监管过度,项目方一直推迟使用代币来分配项目控制权和建立社区。而现在应该对项目使用代币作为合法、合规的工具更有信心了。

值得一提的是,Brian 在被提名为下一任 CFTC 主席后,发推回应表示 CFTC 在市场价格发现方面发挥着关键作用。该机构还准备确保美国在区块链技术和创新方面处于世界领先地位。我期待与特朗普总统的金融监管团队合作。」

两大监管机构负责人全是「自己人」,加密监管新时代开启?

过往对于加密行业的监管中,SEC 与 CFTC 都曾参与过执法行动,除此之外,两者还成为部分代币究竟属是否属于证券争执不下。近日,福布斯商业记者 Eleanor Terrett 披露,随着数字资产监管成为重点工作,美 SEC 与商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)正在讨论加强加密货币监管合作,考虑重启自 2014 年起停摆的 SEC-CFTC 联合咨询委员会,为两机构就新兴监管问题提供讨论平台。

小结

目前来看,特朗普正实践它入主白宫前对加密行业的一贯友好态度,多位政府高官以及监管负责人均为亲加密人士。过往加密行业一贯被严厉监管和打压的阴霾,或将烟消云散,一众美国区块链创业者或迎来政策最为宽松的时代。

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