元宇宙土地价格较峰值下跌近95%,应该从虚拟土地崩盘中吸取哪些教训?

marsbitPublished on 2024-08-05Last updated on 2024-08-06

构建可持续的元宇宙

从虚拟土地崩盘中吸取的教训

虚拟世界

本周@polygonalmind,背后的团队@vipeio@cryptoavatarsio以及无数其他虚拟体验公司宣布,由于市场环境严峻,它们将关闭门店。这是一个令人悲伤的发展,因为 Polygonal 团队一直是真正的元宇宙冠军,但考虑到元宇宙领域是 2021 年后加密货币熊市中受打击最严重的领域之一,这并不一定令人惊讶。当然,还有宏观因素。近年来,NFT 的普遍放缓影响了所有领域,如艺术、收藏品、游戏等。然而,这里的各种领域已被证明对市场低迷具有更强的抵抗力,比如早期@artblocks_io作品和顶级头像 (PFP​​) 集合。那么,为什么流行的元宇宙土地项目表现最差呢?事实上,如果你将一些加密货币顶级元宇宙土地产品的峰值底价与它们今天的底价进行比较,就会发现这是一个严峻的局面:@Decentraland包裹数量下降了97.5% @TheSandboxGame下降了97.4% @yugalabsOtherdeeds下跌了97.2% 。在我看来,这些项目最大的共同点是“土地投机死亡螺旋”现象,这种现象并非 NFT 所独有,几十年来在主流虚拟世界中也一直存在,比如@第二人生以及类似的游戏@EveOnline。当项目使数字土地变得太像物理土地,即稀缺和有价值时,这种死亡螺旋经常发生。这种人为的稀缺激励投机者购买大量数字土地,通常只是无所事事地持有这些土地,同时希望它们的价值上升。这种定位可能会将价格推高到不可持续的高度,从而形成投机泡沫。反过来,随着价格上涨,新用户或普通用户(最有可能有效地使用元宇宙项目的用户)很难负担得起。这可能导致土地所有权集中在少数富有的参与者手中,形成一个“地主”阶层,挤占真正的用户,而且往往不会为虚拟经济的生产力做出贡献。上述关系是提取性的,可能会对项目造成破坏,例如,鲸鱼通过规避风险并向市场大量出售亏本的资产来压低地块价格,从而破坏其他普通玩家的价值,这些玩家试图成为认真的参与者和建设者。这让每个人都感到不快,也让许多人想要继续前进。不管你喜欢还是讨厌,要遏制这种死亡螺旋,就需要遏制投机,而 2021 年的大多数 NFT 元宇宙项目都未能做到这一点。

虚拟空间是无限可操纵和可扩展的,它不必为虚拟世界的体验而稀缺。从一开始就追求开放性和可访问性,然后通过其他方式实现货币化途径,将是一个好的开始。扩大可用土地数量并使其价格非常实惠也会更可行。另一条可行的路线是什么?“元宇宙土地税”的想法。换句话说,对虚拟土地所有权征收费用可以抑制失控的投机,因为持有大量未使用土地的成本很高。请注意,这种方法以前很有效。EVE Online 通过征收土地税度过了第一次房地产泡沫,此举自此以后被认为在游戏早期降低了价格、增加了经济竞争并减少了财富分层。自然,你想要的不是死亡螺旋,而是良性循环。例如,项目可以使用“公民红利”将其土地税收益分配给其虚拟世界中最活跃和最有生产力的用户。投机者仍然可以在这种模式下进行投机,但让这些世界变得繁荣的玩家将因他们的贡献而获得收益,这种补偿会让用户不断回来购买更多,反过来,让这个世界变得更加繁荣,对投机者来说更具投资价值。本来可以,本来应该,对吧。公平地说,像 Decentraland 和 The Sandbox 这样的项目不幸在 2021 年第一次重大元宇宙泡沫期间出现,当时的期望和兴奋远远超过了当时技术的现实。炒作变成了一种祝福,然后变成了诅咒。从这个意义上说,这个时期让我想起了互联网泡沫。25 年后,互联网和基于互联网的业务在我们的生活中无处不在。没有幸存下来的是最初不切实际的炒作驱动的商业方法,正是这些方法将泡沫推向了顶峰。我相信元宇宙也会遵循类似的轨迹,几十年后,它的可能性将成为我们日常生活的一部分。虚拟世界将组成元星系,元星系将成为元宇宙,而加密货币和 NFT 可以充当帮助连接这一切的经济和文化轨道。这里的前景无边无际,技术也在不断进步。从宏观上看,自 2021 年以来,关于开放元宇宙为何令人兴奋、值得为之奋斗和可能的原因,并没有发生根本性的变化。只是越来越清楚的是,某些商业模式不再可行,而实现的弧线将需要几年以上的时间。

尽管如此,虚拟土地危机来来去去,但加密货币的元宇宙场景今天仍然有许多亮点,它们作为前进道路上的灯塔。例如,我最喜欢的一些:

@theWIPmeetup代表“正在进行的工作”,是持续时间最长的 web3 元宇宙聚会,每周四在不同的虚拟世界中举行会议,听取建设者分享他们正在进行的项目的最新进展。我甚至在 2020 年为 DeFi Arts Intelligencer(Metaversal 的原型)做了一个 WIP 演示,四年后的今天,这个聚会仍然很火爆。我强烈推荐给那些想要在加密货币领域获得乐趣并深入探索虚拟世界的人。

@openvoxels,一个由 M3 集体创建的开放式元宇宙互操作性实验室,以 Voxels 为中心,以前称为 Cryptovoxels。该小组致力于保护 Voxels 文物和文化,并围绕 Voxels 资产开发案例研究构建和新的协作功能。换句话说,他们是一支由梦想家组成的精英部队,致力于实现真正开放的元宇宙。

@oncyber,这是一个新版本,将 Oncyber 之前的游戏引擎系统更新为一个成熟的世界构建平台,可满足 DIY 虚拟体验的需求。新平台专为程序员和非程序员设计,目前仍仅限受邀者使用,但它是一种全新而灵活的途径,可以在 NFT 之上构建任何东西,从 3D 网站到赛车游戏。Terraforms,一个完全在链上的土地雕塑,它本身就是一种艺术将永远存在于以太坊上。这当然不是一个传统的“元宇宙”项目,因为它扩展了我们对虚拟土地的思考范围。如果数字土地不是房地产,而是可以无限期地在其上和周围创作的美丽艺术品,那会怎样?我认为 Terraforms 以奇妙的方式回答了这些问题,并且它指向了未来更多的实验视野。

归根结底,真正的元宇宙尚不存在,但它的各个部分一直在被整合到位,它终将实现。它将触及我们生活的方方面面,从工作到娱乐。它将为我们提供新的集体记忆堡垒的可能性,以对抗困扰 Discord 和 Twitter 等更短暂平台的集体失忆症。一个突破将带来更多突破。新的实验将带来新的体验支柱。随着 Midjourney 的实时世界模拟器等技术进步的实现,虚拟空间将变得更加无穷无尽和可定制。真正的斗争是让所有这些线索以开放的方式结合在一起,这样我们就可以超越现在包围我们的围墙花园。与此同时,良好的工作仍在继续。

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