一文读懂预测市场:Polymarket 走红后有何新项目与市场动向

链捕手Pubblicato 2024-08-13Pubblicato ultima volta 2024-08-13

原文来源:mikey X 账号

作者:mikey

编译:王尔玉,PANews

 

本文介绍了预测市场类别、市场策略、产品更新、关键数字、市场机制及发展方向:

市场概述

预测市场可分为两大阵营:非体育类和体育类。非体育类市场相对而言未得到充分开发,存在多个目标领域:加密货币、政治事件、文化事件等。

Polymarket 是非体育市场当仁不让的领头羊,主要以政治事件为切入点。

纳入体育类市场后,从年初至今的整体交易额来看,Azuro 和 SX Network 会更接近 Polymarket。

一些竞争项目已上线,包括 Limitless Exchange(在 EVM 上运行,提供 ETH 市场),以及 Hedgehog Markets(在 SOL 上运行,先下注后设定赔率)。

开发中的项目还包括 Drift Exchange、xMarkets、Inertia Social、Doxa、Contro 等。

新团队热衷的主题有:

  • 无许可市场:开放市场创建和激励层
  • 解决方案:依靠人工智能进行市场结算,或创建更高效的系统

Polymarket 用户已反复提出上述要求。

得益于热门和规律的赛事,体育类市场在 Web2 环境中收获了良好的用户基础。

让用户转向加密货币并不容易,因为多数用户重视品牌和用户体验。Web2 体育博彩平台通常也有取之不竭的营销预算,至少有 5 家体育博彩公司每年支出超 1 亿美元。

美国人对一届超级碗的投注金额(约 230 亿美元)就是迄今加密预测市场总交易额(约 20 亿美元)的 10 倍,仅仅单州的投注金额就远超 20 亿美元。

观点:更多链上资金 = 更多链上体育博彩,正如互联网博彩公司通过手机接管了博彩市场一样。

杠杆交易

预测市场的一大限制因素是杠杆缺失。在非体育市场中,LogX trade 将允许对 TRUMP 的永续交易,类似于 2020 年的 FTX。Doxa market 也在开发杠杆交易。

这两个项目的交易对手都是流动性池。清算和坏账仍是两大悬而未决的问题。

对 Polymarket 来说,探索「串关投注市场」(parlay) 似乎是有趣的方向。例如,市场「特朗普和拜登赢得提名」实际就是一个杠杆赌盘,因为要预测对两个独立事件。

期待看到「a、b、c 和 d 会发生吗」这样的市场。

我同样不担忧初期的流动性供应,流动性提供者 (LP) 热衷于每日收割回报!

在体育累市场方面,若干协议已经可以通过「串关投注市场」进行杠杆操作,用户必须猜对多个不相关的事件才能赢。SX Bet、Azuro 和 Overtime 均支持此类市场。

市场机制

预测市场机制可大致分为两类:web2.5 和 web3。

  • Web2.5:使用加密货币作为支付方式,例如 Stake/Rollbit。用户可以使用加密货币进行投注,但交易对手是应用程序背后的团队,产品与链上无直接交互。
  • Web3:预测市场在链上有一定足迹,例如 NFT 持仓,或通过智能合约执行的投注。

通常有两种方式来匹配链上投注:1. AMM,依赖于被动 LP;2. 订单簿,平台完全充当交易所。

memecoin 和预测市场

在 web3 中,memecoin(模因币)本身已成为预测市场,以 $TRUMP 和 $BIDEN 为例,持有者可以通过 1) 选对方向和 2) 选对关注焦点获益:

通过 memecoin,用户可以投机他人的投机行为,无论对错。

比如,新协议 swaye 正在尝试结合预测市场和 memecoin 的最佳特性。

早期进入一个市场的用户不仅会投注特定结果,还有动机去炒热市场,因为两边的投注活动都有助于提高收益。

盈利模式

协议有几种盈利方式:

  • 交易费
  • 部分的交易者奖金(web2 模式遵循此路径)
  • 累积的交易对手收益(web2 喜欢为亏损客户提供服务)

多数协议采用第一或第三种方式。Polymarket 不收取交易费。

未来发展

人工智能代理将成为该领域的新兴关键玩家,因为它们能够迅速对新闻作出反应。它们将管理订单、库存并执行投注策略。它们还能计算预期结果并承担相应风险。目前至少有两个团队正悄然推进这个方向。

未来几年,至少会有一个协议的交易量能达到与 Polymarket 正面竞争的水平。

鉴于 Polymarket 目前对其市场的激励力度如此之大,其他协议也需要大量使用积分、代币或 USDC 等激励措施。

大家都在问选举结束后交易热度能否持续,至少年初至今,Polymarket 的非选举市场交易量在持续增长,这无疑为后选举时期的市场活力提供了乐观信号。

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