比特币的抗争之路:从委内瑞拉到诺贝尔和平奖的金融革命

比推Published on 2025-10-22Last updated on 2025-10-22

作者:Byron Gilliam

编译:AididiaoJP,Foresight News

原标题:2025 年诺贝尔和平奖得主与比特币的故事


玛丽亚·科里纳·马查多在被困时,收到了她获得诺贝尔和平奖的消息。

这位「委内瑞拉的铁娘子」和「拉丁美洲的圣女贞德」自尼古拉斯·马杜罗在 2024 年选举后威胁要对她实施「最高正义」以来一直藏匿,该选举已明确显示她是委内瑞拉的合法总统。

马查多报告称,自那以后她经历了暗杀企图和绑架,但拒绝离开该国。

她将自己的三个孩子送到了国外安全的地方,但自己选择留下。据诺贝尔委员会称,「这一选择激励了数百万人。」

这是一个应在委内瑞拉之外引起共鸣的范例:「玛丽亚·科里纳·马查多展示了民主的工具也是和平的工具,」委员会补充道。

马查多说,这些工具之一就是比特币。

她告诉人权基金会,马杜罗政权「将金融系统武器化,用以对付其人民」,并引用了 2018 年一度高达 1000 万百分比的恶性通货膨胀。

自 2008 年以来,委内瑞拉政府通过从其国家货币中移除 14 个零,相当于今天的 100 万亿玻利瓦尔才能买到 2008 年一个玻利瓦尔能买到的东西,来征用其公民的储蓄。

「拿着一袋糖果的价值远远超过拥有一袋国家货币,」一位被剥夺财产的委内瑞拉人说,「因为糖果可以保值。」

马查多主张比特币是一种更好、成本更低的价值储存手段:「一些委内瑞拉人在比特币中找到了生命线,用它来保护他们的财富并资助他们逃离。」

然而,马查多本人使用它并非为了逃离。

「我们的竞选活动在没有银行渠道的情况下运作,」马查多说。但他们仍然可以接受捐款:「与政权通常封锁的银行转账不同,比特币捐款无法被没收。」

从这个意义上说,比特币帮助了马查多在委内瑞拉境内领导反对马杜罗的斗争。

它使许多其他委内瑞拉人得以生存并抵抗马杜罗。

「比特币绕开了政府强加的汇率,并帮助我们许多人民,」马查多补充道。「它已从一种人道主义工具演变为一种至关重要的抵抗手段。」

另一位抗议的委内瑞拉人,经济包容组织的豪尔赫·赫赖萨蒂表示,这使比特币成为对抗威权主义的「技术战略」的一部分。

「击败专制政权的关键在于公民能够普遍接触到像比特币、Signal 和 Nostr 这样的自由技术,」他写道。

比特币尤其赋予了他的同胞「克服马杜罗金融监控和镇压的能力」。

世界上许多地方都生活在类似的压迫环境中。

人权基金会的亚历克斯·格拉德斯坦估计,「87% 的人类出生在要么是专制政权,要么是正在崩溃的法币体系中。」

他解释说,在世界的那大部分地区,「传统的银行系统根本不再足以有效资助民主工作。」

然而,比特币正在那些政府发行的货币「无法用于基本人权活动」的地方「维持着抵抗的活力」。

格拉德斯坦说,比特币日益成为这些活动的货币,并正朝着在「2030 年前成为人权行动主义及其他领域的标准货币」的方向发展。

我们习惯于看到比特币宏伟的 2030 年价格目标,但它能否达到一个更大的行动主义目标呢?

如果做到了,诺贝尔委员会可能会因助其一臂之力而受到赞誉。

格拉德斯坦指出,「绝大多数比特币批评者生活在美国或欧洲,并被巨大的金融特权蒙蔽了双眼。」

通过将和平奖授予一位热心的使用者,诺贝尔委员会可能有助于摒除偏见,改善比特币在那 13% 不需要它(除了作为投资之外)的世界地区的形象。

对马查多而言,诺贝尔和平奖的主要好处在于她更出名之后会更安全。

「这提升了她的认可度,并增加了试图压制和摧毁她的代价,」对外关系委员会的吉迪恩·罗斯解释说。「通过将仁慈的国际舆论认可赋予她的努力,诺贝尔奖可能会保护她的生命。」

那么,对于比特币而言,该奖项的意义在于,马查多同样对经常被诋毁的加密货币给予了她的善意认可,这可能会保护它免受批评者的攻击。

因为只有像马杜罗这样的专制者才会反对自由技术。


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