Pump.fun:代币化的风还是吹到了直播

深潮Publicado a 2025-09-15Actualizado a 2025-09-16

直播风乍起,粉丝买代币。

作者:Alea Research

编译:深潮TechFlow

直播的兴起将内容从一种消遣转变为一个高杠杆市场。传统工作一小时的投入产出比固定收益更高,而直播则将一小时的产出乘以观看人数。一个小时的直播就能带来数千小时的观看时长,这是广告商、平台和创作者可以变现的宝贵资产。然而,创作者的收入分配仍然极度不均。

在 Twitch 和 YouTube 上,收入主要来自订阅和广告,分级分成意味着普通主播只能获得 50% 的订阅收入,而顶级创作者的收入则高达 10 倍以上。像 Kick 这样的新进入者颠覆了这种模式,让主播可以保留 95% 的订阅收入,引发了“Kick vs Twitch”的竞争,并引发了数百万美元的签约合同。

在这样的背景下,Pump.fun 平台登场,这个以发行 memecoin 而闻名的平台。2025 年年中,它悄然增加了直播功能,并采用动态收费模式,将主播收入与其自有代币的表现挂钩。

在本期中,我们将了解 Pump.fun 的创作者资本市场如何运作,为什么它们在与 Kick 和 Twitch 的竞争中如此重要,以及为什么要将直播代币化。

随时了解市场动态⬇️

现状:Kick vs. Twitch

Twitch 是直播行业的先驱,每月平均观看时长达到 15 亿小时。对于大多数主播来说,订阅收入的标准分成是与 Twitch 对半分(50/50),广告费(通过广告激励计划 (Ads Incentive Program,AIP))则为 55/45。拥有 Partner Plus 计划等级的顶级主播可以获得更优厚的 70/30 订阅分成。这形成了帕累托效应(Pareto Dynamic),顶级创作者占据了 80% 的观看时长和收入,而小型创作者则争夺剩余的 20%。

例如,Twitch 的头号主播 Kai Cenat 的活跃订阅数量和收入几乎超过了排名第 2 至第 10 名的主播总和。

Kick 于 2022 年上线,由博彩平台 Stake.com 提供支持。通过承诺让主播保留 95% 的订阅收入并允许 Twitch 限制的内容(如赌博)来挑战 Twitch。Kick 还与 Twitch 的顶级主播签订了高额合同以吸引他们迁移。例如,据报道,Kick 向 Twitch 明星 xQc 提供了一份为期两年的非独家合同,价值 1 亿美元,同时还以约 3000 万至 4000 万美元签约了 Amouranth。

在这些公告之间,Kick 新增了超过一百万用户。这些举措表明,直播平台愿意为注意力花费巨资,但收入仍然主要来源于订阅、广告和捐赠。

注意力经济与帕累托效应

一个常见的误解是,随着更多主播的加入,直播是一个零和游戏,奖励和观看时长会被稀释。实际上,注意力遵循帕累托分布(Pareto Distribution),少数几个病毒式传播的创作者占据了大部分的观众份额,而大多数人则在挣扎。当像 Kai Cenat 或 iShowSpeed 这样的顶级创作者开始直播时,他们会扩大整个观众池,吸引数百万可能从未使用过新平台的粉丝注册观看。

这种现象解释了为什么 Kick 愿意支付巨额签约费:引入注意力资本可以增长整个生态系统,而不是抢夺现有主播的观众。

在 Pump.fun 平台上,传统的 Twitch 主播已经开始迁移(例如《英雄联盟》主播 BunnyFuFuu)。

Pump.fun 试图通过让粉丝通过代币导入他们的消费能力来实现这种动态。核心粉丝已经为每月捐赠制定了预算,而购买主播的代币只是将这种消费转化为一种可交易资产。代币持有者被激励去推广主播(推动价格上涨),如果创作者爆红,早期支持者可以分享收益。从这个意义上讲,主播代币将捐赠转换为一种权益,使粉丝的激励与创作者的成功保持一致,并有可能缓解当新主播加入时的“稀释感”。

进入创作者资本市场

Pump.fun 的直播转型引入了一种完全不同的经济模式:主播代币。观众不再仅仅通过打赏或订阅支持主播,而是购买与特定主播挂钩的代币。这种代币的价值随着供需关系波动,创造了一种类似投资的机制,让粉丝可以根据创作者的流行度进行投机。

主播在每次代币交易中都会赚取一定费用(对于市场规模较小的项目,费用最高可达 0.95%,在 Project Ascend 项目中),随着代币市值的增长,这一费用自然下降至 0.05%。

Pump.fun 还重新开放了部分用户的直播功能,并通过改进内容审核机制禁止暴力和虐待动物行为。但其核心创新在于这种代币化的反馈循环,将粉丝互动与创作者收入紧密联系起来。

Pump.fun 的代币化直播模式

Project Ascend 将 Pump.fun 的 0.05% 固定创作者佣金改为浮动收费,市值低于 30 万美元的代币收取 0.95%,市值超过 2000 万美元的代币收取 0.05%。这一机制让小型创作者能够从他们代币的每次交易中几乎赚取 1% 的费用。据 Blockworks 报道,这一更新帮助 Pump.fun 恢复了市场份额,创造了超过 8.34 亿美元的总收入,年化运营率接近 4.92 亿美元,同时推动了每日回购金额超过 6800 万美元。

在因有害行为暂停直播功能后,Pump.fun 为 5% 的用户重新推出直播服务,并设立了更严格的准则:禁止暴力、虐待动物以及仇恨言论。尽管平台预期仍会出现部分 NSFW(不适合所有观众)内容,但它试图在保持安全底线的同时允许一些具有冲击性的娱乐内容。这对于主流用户的接受度以及避免其首次尝试中的失败至关重要。

观众可以无需许可地买卖主播代币,且不受任何单一实体控制流动性。主播代币的做多或做空功能增强了市场深度,并提供了反映社区情绪的价格信号。与创作者表现挂钩的代币还激励主播保持稳定的直播计划并加强社区互动。

为何选择 Pump.fun 而非 Twitch 或 Kick?

  • 经济激励:在 Twitch 或 Kick 上,粉丝的捐赠或订阅不会带来任何财务回报;而在 Pump.fun 上,捐赠变成了一种资产。如果主播的受欢迎程度上升,其代币可能会升值,为早期支持者提供投机性的收益。

  • 创作者收入随成功而增长:主播的收入不再受固定订阅费的限制。他们可以通过代币交易量赚取费用,并随着更多交易者加入而受益于网络效应。Pump.fun 的动态费用模式意味着小型创作者每次交易的收入可能比旧的统一费用系统高出最多 19 倍。

  • 社区所有权:主播与观众共享经济激励。这可能鼓励更多合作型内容,例如共同任务或社区决定未来的直播方向。

总结

Pump.fun 押注于代币化的主播粉丝群,通过让粉丝分享收益来解锁更大的注意力和捐赠市场。它能否复制 Kick 的早期成功,取决于其吸引顶级人才的能力、维持强大的内容审核机制以及扩展其动态费用模式。

但如果实验成功,它可能会为创作者经济创造一个新的范式,将直播、交易和投机融合在一起。

 

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