VC与EigenLayer创始人激辩:「Web3数据所有权」是伪命题吗?

Odaily星球日报Publicado a 2024-07-16Actualizado a 2024-07-16

Resumen

数据财产权是否存在?拥有自己的数据意味着什么?

原文编译:Alex Liu,Foresight News

Multicoin 合伙人 Kyle Samani :

我曾经相信「拥有自己的数据」,但现在不再相信了。

所谓的「所有权」其实是关于「排他性」。这在有关资产时最为清晰:

  • a) 我有一张 5 美元的钞票,而你没有。因此我可以花这 5 美元,而你不能。

  • b) 我拥有一件价值 100 万美元的艺术品。我不会把它借给博物馆让其他人欣赏,而是把它挂在墙上取悦我自己。

所有权 —— 也就是排他性 —— 是为什么加密货币与金融联系紧密的原因。

现在让我们考虑一下拥有自己的数据意味着什么。说实话,我不知道这意味着什么。数据所有权概念的拥护者常常会控诉大科技公司并说它们掌握了我们的数据,通过投放广告操控我们。我不同意这种说法。

运行像 Facebook 或 Google 这样的服务成本很高。他们需要赚钱。绝大多数人不愿意为

1)能够发言

2)阅读他人的言论

而付费。所以,如果你想创建一个 * 面向大众 * 的服务,你需要打广告。而如果要打广告的话,需要提供相关的广告,就天然需要内容有针对性。

数据所有权的拥护者会反驳说:「问题在于你不能主动选择使用不同的算法。每个主要平台实际都只提供单一算法,并且它们不断更改。」

这种批评是有道理的。但这不是「拥有自己的数据」的论据,而是要么

1)制定法律,强制算法:公开 / 灵活 / 自带算法(X 已经迈出了这方面的第一步,公开了算法,但这还不够

2)保持数据开放,让第三方能选择接入数据

我不是第一个提出这一解决方案的人。@albertwenger 在他优秀的博客 Continuations 中谈到了这一点。

我认为,更大可能的是通过立法来强制大科技公司提供算法选择(类似于你在 Windows 中选择浏览器的方式),而不是寄希望于让需要许多开发者的基于共享开放数据的新网络起飞,因为现有的网络效应实在是太强了。但即使我错了,farcaster 模型确实达到了「逃逸速度」能够起飞,重要的属性也不是「拥有你的数据」,而是让第三方开发者能够在其上构建。

你可以争辩说这个区别实际上并不是区别,因为为了让第三方开发者能够使用,你需要拥有自己的数据。我同意,从技术上讲这是正确的。但这忽略了重点。重要的部分不是「所有权」。重要的部分是第三方的访问(如上所述,这在当前模式下是可以做到的,只需要立法)。

这并不意味着没有敏感数据。显然,财务和医疗数据是敏感的。今天已经有明确的标准,将电子病历中的数据导出给患者,以便患者可以拥有一份副本。

说你应该拥有自己的数据听起来很重要,但当你深入研究时,你会发现这个概念实际上并没有意义。你只能拥有那些自然具有排他性的东西。数据总是可以无限复制的。而资产是稀缺的。

好,吐槽完了,来反驳我吧,各位。

EigenLayer 创始人回应 Sreeram Kannan :

拥有数据意味着你拥有数据的「财产权」:

  • 1) 其他人未经你的许可不能使用它(即安全性),以及

  • 2) 你可以在任何时候使用它,而无需他人的许可(即活性)。

思想、软件和媒体可以无限复制,但我们有知识产权来保护创作者的权利。数据权利类似。

所有可行的商业模式,包括广告商业模式,都可以基于数据权利构建。

为什么我们需要数据财产权?市场经济将没有财产权的事物转化为有财产权的事物。问题不是数据财产权是否存在:企业拥有强大的数据财产权,而个人实际上没有。加密技术的出现是为了确保个人可以通过降低执行成本来获取数据财产权。

Kyle Samani 回应:

你实在是太大方了,把推文之类的东西称为「知识产权」。你可以自欺欺人,把它们叫作任何东西,但是没价值。

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