摩根大通首次执行DeFi交易,都做了什么?

区块律动Published on 2022-11-03Last updated on 2022-11-03

Abstract

摩根大通为什么选择与Polygon和Aave合作?

10 月 19 日,新加坡金融管理局(MAS)宣布启动「守护者项目」(Project Guardian),该项目将与金融业展开合作,旨在测试资产 Token 化和 DeFi 应用的可行性,同时也对金融稳定性和完整性进行风险控制。

11 月 2 日,MAS 宣布,其 Project Guardian 的第一个探索批发融资市场中潜在 DeFi 应用的行业试点项目(First Industry Pilot)已完成首次实时交易。其中,星展银行(DBS Bank)、摩根大通(JP Morgan)和 SBI Digital Asset Holdings 针对由 Token 化新加坡政府债券、日本政府债券、日元(JPY)和新加坡元(SGD)组成的流动性池进行外汇和政府债券交易。该试点成功进行一笔涉及 Token 化日元和新加坡元存款的实时跨货币交易。

摩根大通 Blockchain Launch 和 Onyx 数字资产部门主管、企业以太坊联盟(Enterprise Ethereum Alliance)董事会成员 Ty Lobban 发布文章详细解释了摩根大通在 Project Guardian 扮演怎样的角色,BlockBeats 对其整理翻译如下:

摩根大通已使用 DeFi、Token 化存款和可验证凭证(Verifiable Credentials, VC)在公链上执行了第一次实时交易,这是 MAS 主导的 Project Guardian 中的一部分。

我们开创了不少世界先例,既然交易发生在公链上,本文将公开、透明地解释我们具体做了哪些事情。

第一步,我们使用 Polygon 网络进行交易。

我们起初想在以太坊上执行此交易,但由于我们希望用相对低廉的 Gas 费来进行一系列身份验证相关的昂贵操作,(我们选择了 Polygon)。当然,鉴于 MAS 的目标是开放的、可互操作的网络,Guardian 在未来也将探索其他区块链的可能。

第二步,我们使用 Aave 以采用其「许可池概念」。

我们部署了 Aave Arc 的修订版本,以便设置某些参数,例如利率和外汇汇率。请点击链接查看我们部署的借贷池。

注:Aave Arc 是一个需要权限的流动性池,专门为机构在 DeFi 领域保持监管合规而设计。这些流动性池将与 Aave 上的现有池分开,并且需要广泛 KYC。

第三步,我们发行了 Token 化的新元存款。

这种存款 Token将被纳入是摩根大通的综合债务。这是一种原生 Token,提供稳定的链上价值,没有 Stablecoin 面临的可扩展性问题。这是首个由银行发行的 Token 化存款。请点击链接查看摩根大通发行的 SGD Token 化存款合约。

第四步,我们使用万维网联盟 W3C 可验证证书 VC 为 Aave(或任何其他 DeFi 协议)提供合规访问权限。

相比白名单地址,VC 能提供更加精细的控制,包括风险限制、资产限制等。而且,我们实现了链上 VC 身份验证。

链上 VC 验证非常繁复,它为身份带来了可组合性。我们希望用为数不多的、专业的验证者,并在 dApp 中使用它们,从而为身份带来进一步的标准化和可移植性,就好像「身份乐高积木」!

我们设计的原则是确保 VC 合规检查可以与任何 DeFi 协议一起使用,而这些协议不需要了解 VC 的任何信息,从而使 DeFi 前端无需进行 KYC。合规性被推到边缘,而不是 dApp。

请点击链接查看验证器。我们在 Project Guardian 中为每个公司创建了一个验证器。所以每个公司都有自己的规则,但是任何人都可以查阅和验证这些规则。链上 VC 验证严格意义上并不是由我们开创的,我的构建并不完美,仍在探索 ZKP 技术。

补充说明:作为一家受到严格监管的银行,摩根大通禁止洗钱行为,因此 KYC 是必要的。考虑到以上问题,我们希望通过使用 VC 和白名单提高我们使用 DeFi 资金池的安全性。机构 DeFi 是值得期待的。

第五步,我们构建了一个机构钱包。

1. 交易者永远无法访问公司资金;

2. 仅有经批准的 DeFi 协议可以被机构访问;

3. VC 与交易指令捆绑,即 VC 上链则可以进行交易,否则交易失败;

总之,这是受监管的大型金融机构通过公链上基于 VC 的 DeFi 第一次进行 Token 化存款的实时交易。

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