За год энергопотребление Bitcoin выросло на 41%

VC.ruPublished on 2022-10-19Last updated on 2022-10-19

Abstract

Несмотря на падение капитализации крипторынка втрое от максимума 2021 года и появление энергоэффективных асиков, за последние 12 месяцев энергопотребление майнерами Bitcoin подскочило на 41% до 266 ТВтч, согласно оценке Bitcoin Mining Council. Это составляет 0,16% от всего мирового производства электроэнергии и 0,10% мировых выбросов углеводородов.

Несмотря на падение капитализации крипторынка втрое от максимума 2021 года и появление энергоэффективных асиков, за последние 12 месяцев энергопотребление майнерами Bitcoin подскочило на 41% до 266 ТВтч, согласно оценке Bitcoin Mining Council. Это составляет 0,16% от всего мирового производства электроэнергии и 0,10% мировых выбросов углеводородов.

Благодаря появлению новых асиков энергоэффективность майнинга выросла за год на 23%, а за последние 8 лет – на 5814%.

Источник изображения: bitcoinminingcouncil.com

При этом хешрейт сети за год подскочил на 73% и продолжает расти. На прошлой неделе единовременная коррекция составила рекордные в 2022 году 13,6%. Другими словами, новое оборудование вводится в строй ударными темпами. И пока одни майнинг-компании пытаются свести концы с концами, другие скупают новейшие асики по бросовым ценам (подробнее в статье «Кто стоит за рекордным ростом хешрейта Bitcoin»).

Bitcoin – не единственная криптовалюта, использующая работу майнеров. Однако он занимает 99% долю от всех производимых вычислений. Авторы доклада из BMC представили следующее наглядное сравнение:

Источник изображения: bitcoinminingcouncil.com

Поскольку спад криптоэкономики, банкротство ряда проектов, дефицит энергоресурсов в отдельных регионах и ожидающаяся мировая рецессия не нашли негативного отражения в майнинге Bitcoin, повышается риск регуляторного давления. Так, одни страны легализуют криптодобычу и устанавливают дополнительный налог на затраченную электроэнергию, а другие ее просто запрещают.

Даже Гринпис развернула кампанию против Bitcoin, призывая вслед за Ethereum «изменить код, а не климат». А Блокчейн-обсерватория (EUBOF) рекомендует странам ЕС в ближайшее время принять меры по снижению электропотребления майнерами.

Если же соотносить различные отрасли по энергозатратам, то майнинг Bitcoin окажется между компьютерными играми и добычей золота. А по сравнению с традиционной финансовой сферой, он затрачивает в 20 раз меньше ресурсов.

Источник изображения: bitcoinminingcouncil.com

По уровню энергопотребления различными странами майнинг уже перегнал Австралию, Испанию и Турцию, что выглядит достаточно тревожным. Однако в мире до сих пор теряется большой объем энергии, который мог бы полностью перекрыть потребности майнеров. Так, Кембриджский университет оценивает потенциальную энергию от мирового сжигания попутного газа в 688 ТВтч, что в 2,5 раза больше текущей потребности криптосети.

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