如果美国政府停摆,比特币会如何?

深潮Published on 2025-09-29Last updated on 2025-09-30

政府停摆或延迟非农就业数据的发布,本周加密货币波动性恐加剧。

撰文:Stacy Jones

编译:Chopper,Foresight News

TL;TR

  • 美国政府如果面临停摆,周五发布的非农就业报告可能延迟,该数据是比特币交易者预测美联储是否降息的关键依据。

  • 比特币价格已突破 11.4 万美元,但受停摆不确定性影响,较两周前仍低 0.7%。

  • 历史数据显示,政府停摆对比特币的影响好坏参半:2013 年停摆期间比特币上涨 14%,而 2018-2019 年停摆期间则下跌 6%。

比特币交易者本希望通过即将发布的美国就业数据,判断美联储是否会再次降息。但随着美国政府濒临停摆,他们可能要等上一段时间才能拿到这份关键数据。

分析师表示,比特币对政府停摆的反应仍存在不确定性,这可能会加剧短期市场波动性。过去两次政府停摆期间,比特币价格的表现截然不同。

「降息预期对风险资产有支撑作用,但泡沫担忧与政治风险会放大短期波动性。对加密货币而言,这既带来了流动性支持,也增加了下行不确定性,」Bitunix 分析师在发给 Decrypt 的报告中写道,「中期来看,确认降息将改善流动性,进而支撑风险资产;但短期而言,泡沫恐慌与停摆风险会加剧市场脆弱性,更可能出现急跌后反弹的剧烈波动。」

如果美国国会未能在周二午夜前通过完整的拨款法案或临时支出法案,联邦政府资金将中断,「非必要」 政府职能将陷入部分停摆。美国联邦政府的财年将于 9 月 30 日结束。

「本周的重头戏(非农就业报告)可能无法如期上演。如果国会在明晚午夜前无法就短期拨款法案达成共识,周五发布的非农就业数据可能成为政府停摆的首个高关注度牺牲品,」 德意志银行宏观与主题研究主管 John Reid 在发给 Decrypt 的报告中指出,「事实上,2013 年 10 月的政府停摆期间,9 月的就业报告直到当月 22 日才得以发布。」

截至发稿时,比特币在过去 24 小时内上涨 3.8%,价格突破 11.4 万美元。但根据加密货币价格聚合平台 CoinGecko 的数据,这一价格较两周前仍低 0.7%。

经济统计与数据处理不属于 「必要政府职能」,这意味着美国劳工统计局将不得不暂停发布即将到来的就业报告,直至政府资金恢复。数据并非不会发布,但其延迟可能引发市场波动。投资者深知,美联储的货币政策决策深受就业与通胀数据影响。

Nansen 研究分析师 Nicolai Sondergaard 对 Decrypt 表示,政府停摆可能会加剧加密市场的短期波动性。

「但我不确定影响是否会更大。如果多数投资者认为停摆问题能快速解决,情况可能不同,」 他补充道,「另外,即便真的产生影响,停摆的潜在效应可能在发生前就已冲击整体金融市场,我对此也不会感到意外。」

加密市场并非首次经历政府停摆。

2013 年 10 月的政府停摆持续了 16 天。从 10 月 1 日到 10 月 17 日,比特币价格从 132.04 美元上涨 14%,升至 151.34 美元。

但 「停摆期间比特币必涨」 并非定律。美国历史上最长的政府停摆发生在 2018 年 12 月 22 日至 2019 年 1 月 25 日,持续 35 天。在此期间,比特币价格从 3,802.22 美元下跌 6%,至停摆结束时跌至 3,575.85 美元。

在 Decrypt 母公司 Dastan 旗下的预测市场 Myriad 上,用户对 「美联储公开市场委员会(FOMC)将在 2025 年两次调整利率」 的怀疑情绪日益升温。持怀疑态度的用户比例已升至 75%,远高于 9 月第一周的 40%。

这些怀疑者中,部分人认为美联储会在今年剩余的两次 FOMC 政策会议上均调整利率,另一部分人则认为美联储会等到 2026 年再考虑进一步调整利率。

Cryptoquant 研究主管 Julio Moreno 表示,2013 年与 2018-2019 年的政府停摆期间,比特币所处的市场环境截然不同。「2013 年政府停摆时,比特币正处于牛市周期的最后阶段,需求增长强劲,」 他对 Decrypt 解释道,「而到 2018 年停摆发生时,比特币正处于熊市,需求不断萎缩。」

Moreno 补充称,当前比特币的市场定位更接近 2013 年,而非 2018 年。

「随着第四季度到来,比特币需求正在增长 。从历史表现来看,第四季度通常是比特币价格表现较好的季度。」 他说。

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