鲸吞7%流通量:比特币ETF如何悄然重塑市场供应格局?

marsbitPublished on 2025-08-26Last updated on 2025-08-27

当前有一种悄然发挥作用的力量正在重塑市场的供应动态:比特币交易所交易基金(ETF)。这些产品已经吸纳了比特币总流通量的 7%,如果您没有关注它们,那您就错失了拼图中最重要的部分。

在本文中,我们将详细探讨 ETF 的资金流动情况,剖析新开发的处于资金流分析前沿的指标,以帮助衡量 ETF 的影响,并思考这些资金流动所揭示的市场动态和人类行为。

让我们开始吧。

要点概览

  • 吸收大量供应:全球比特币 ETF 目前持有超过 140 万 BTC,占总供应量的 7% 以上,对稀缺性和价格稳定性具有影响。
  • 资金流动模式与心理:每日及累计的资金流动情况反映了投资者的行为,凸显了在资金流出时买入、资金流入时卖出的机会。
  • 深度分析的自定义指标:诸如累积流量差值、流量波动率和流量加权平均价格等新工具为市场高点、低点和投资者成本基础提供了信号。
  • 长期看涨前景:ETF 购入的比特币数量超过了新挖出的数量,这种结构性转变可能支撑未来的价格上涨。

比特币采用新时代

自 2024 年 1 月推出以来,美国的交易所交易基金(ETF)已成为比特币生态系统中的一股变革力量。这些金融产品使散户和机构巨头都能在不直接持有比特币的情况下获得其敞口。鉴于比特币的供应量固定为 2100 万枚,这种机制对比特币的供需动态有着重大影响。

然而,据估计,由于私钥遗失、持有者去世或其他无法找回的情况,约有 300 万至 600 万枚比特币永久丢失。这使得实际流通中的比特币数量减少到约 1500 万至 1800 万枚,这是比特币总量的上限。

在此背景下,ETF 目前持有超过 140 万 BTC ,相当于最大供应量的 7% 以上,或者可能超过流通供应量的 10%,这一事实表明其日益增长的主导地位有多么重要。

季度和月度动态

让我们先从总体上审视一下 ETF 的健康状况。

ETF

全球所有比特币 ETF 持有的 BTC 总量已超过 140 万枚。即便本季度尚未结束,这些 ETF 已吸纳超过 9.1 万枚 BTC。这是一个强劲的季度,仅逊于去年年底首批 ETF 推出时的资金流入以及大选后的反弹行情。

按月细分来看,资金流入的情况更是引人注目:

  • 2025 年 5 月至 8 月:持续流入,稳步从市场上撤出更多比特币。
  • 仅 8 月份就吸收了 41,000 个 BTC。
  • 每天开采的比特币:约 450 个,或每月约 14,000 个。

简单来说,本月 ETF 的资金流入量已超过通过矿商进入系统的新增供应量的三倍。这种吸纳行为通过收紧可用的流动性,给价格带来了持续的上行压力,或许可以解释为何到目前为止,我们一直是在被动地逐步攀升至高位。

资金流向分析

累计资金

从累计 ETF 资金流来看,自 2024 年 1 月以来的净流入额达到了惊人的 540 亿美元。总体呈「持续上升」态势,仅有短暂的停顿,显示出被动资金的持续涌入。

ETF

累积流量差值

从这些数据中得出的最有洞察力的自定义指标之一是累积流量差值,它是一个振荡指标,用于衡量 ETF 资金流与其长期趋势的偏差。该指标通过将非交易日(如周末)的值向前推移来考虑这些因素,并应用 75 天移动平均线来平滑数据,同时避免过多的噪声。差值即为每日资金流与该平均值之间的差异,从而突显出净资金流的加速或减速情况。

ETF

2024 年 3 月起的数据表明,当累积流量差值高于 +8 时,表明当地价格处于高位,资金流入超出正常水平,当地市场情绪高涨。而累积流量差值接近零或为负值时,则标志着低点,此时可能存在被低估的投资机会。这一指标实质上量化了散户群体的行为,并鼓励采取逆向操作。

每日资金流

仔细观察每日 ETF 的资金流向,就会发现其与比特币的价格走势相呼应。在涨势期间,资金流入占主导地位,而在回调期间,资金流出则会激增。这种关联是显而易见的:构成 ETF 参与者主体的散户投资者表现出追涨杀跌的行为。他们在高位时因 FOMO 情绪而蜂拥而入,在低位时则因恐惧、不确定性和怀疑而纷纷离场。

ETF

2025 年 2 月出现了最大规模的资金外流,当时比特币从 10 万美元跌至 8.3 万美元,跌幅达 17%,引发了恐慌性抛售。相反,2024 年 11 月在比特币从 7 万美元涨至 9 万美元的反弹期间,出现了最大规模的资金流入。这些模式是行为金融学原理的实时体现,例如从众心理和损失厌恶。

从教育角度来看,这些数

据提供了一种逆向策略:

  • 在资金大量流出的红色交易日大量买入。
  • 在资金流入激增的绿色交易日减少购买。

事情可能就这么简单。

流量波动性

我进行的另一层分析是流量波动性,它追踪的是每日流量相对于历史平均值的波动程度。下图中的红色区域表示高波动性,通常与价格大幅波动相一致。

ETF

有趣的是,在近期从历史高位下跌 1 万美元的过程中,波动性一直保持在较低水平。这反映了比特币的成熟:曾经的「暴跌」如今只是常规波动。3 至 5 年前,类似的行情可能会使价格腰斩;而如今,其市值已超过 2 万亿美元,这样的波动只是一个小插曲。

流量加权平均价格(FWAP)

或许最具创新性的指标当属流量加权平均价格(FWAP),这是一个实验性指标,它根据每日的 ETF 流量对比特币的价格进行加权。该指标计算价格流量乘积和流量的递减累计和,强调近期活动以反映当前持有者的市场情绪。

ETF

我开始将此视为 ETF 版本的「实现价格」——这是链上分析的一个基石,代表所有代币最后一次易手时的平均价格。而 FWAP 同样试图估算平均成本基础,但针对的是 ETF 投资者。

目前,平均成本价为 105,000 美元,这与短期持有者实现价格也相差无几。这表明,即便在此次回调期间,ETF 持有者仍有可能处于盈利状态。而近期的历史表明,当价格跌至这一水平以下时,恐慌性抛售就会出现,这标志着极度悲观情绪下的局部底部。

该指标的潜力还延伸至衍生品领域,例如基于 FWAP 的震荡指标和风险指标,因此我将在未来几周进一步完善这些指标。但即便现在,它也提供了一个独特的视角来审视机构 / 散户的成本基础,这是我从未在其他地方发现过的。

供应趋紧的看涨信号

从更宏观的角度来看,显而易见的是:ETF 正在结构性地吸收比特币供应,其速度远超挖矿产出,从根本上重塑了供应格局。这种「供应吸纳」从长期来看是看涨的,因为它减少了可用于现货交易的比特币数量。

但这并不意味着它只会「永远上涨」。从资金流向中我们可以清楚地看到,当价格下跌时,投资者也乐于抛售他们的币(或股票)。所以这是我会密切关注的一点。

这些数据还揭示了一些令人惊讶的见解。尽管交易所交易基金(ETF)在悄然吸纳大量比特币,但资金流数据却为人类心理提供了一个引人注目的观察窗口。这里讨论的新兴指标代表了基于资金流的比特币分析的前沿,它们无疑将成为我未来积累策略中的关键工具。

按照目前的速度,随着市场的发展,这些 ETF 以及追踪它们的各项指标只会变得越来越重要。

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