超投机资本主义时代:流动性成决定性因素,BTC 或在 9 月见顶?

深潮Published on 2025-08-05Last updated on 2025-08-06

九月可能出现反弹,随后可能因流动性驱动的回调。

撰文:arndxt

编译:AididiaoJP,Foresight News

欢迎来到超投机资本主义时代。

请密切关注九月中旬的 M2 货币供应量。

在当前非理性的经济环境下,超投机注意已成为一种自然反应。

财政和货币政策曾是将市场锚定在某种稳定状态的工具,而如今这种稳定状态已经出现裂痕:

  • 美国正在运行 7% 的 GDP 赤字,而这发生在充分就业时期。

  • 利率维持在 5%,但比特币却逼近历史高点。

  • 货币政策已被财政主导所取代,即使在经济「繁荣时期」,刺激措施仍在持续。

市场不再反映基本面,反映的是流动性。

比特币的疯狂:在一个纷乱的世界中是否合理?

比特币不再需要疲弱的经济或降息。事实上,最佳的宏观环境可能是没有新的冲击,流动性条件持续向好。

而流动性正在激增:

  • 全球 M2 货币供应量仍处于高位,可能已见顶。

  • 如果比特币上涨 10%,超过 130 亿美元的空头头寸将被清算,这表明市场仍有充足的资金推动其抛物线式上涨。

  • 比特币通常在减半后的 525 至 530 天内见顶,这意味着 2025 年 9 月下旬可能是关键时间点。

@MintedMacro 基于历史减半周期提供了一份清晰的路线图:

流动性驱动周期:当 M2 增长时,比特币表现强劲。而目前 M2 目前已出现双顶形态,且第二个高点低于第一个。

顶部时间预测:

  • 2013 年:减半后 525 天

  • 2017 年:减半后 530 天

  • 2021 年:减半后 518 天

  • 2025 年:约 9 月 21 日

预计顶部区间:

比特币可能达到 13.5 万至 15 万美元

但上行空间可能受到宏观紧缩政策的限制。

关键结论:

九月可能出现反弹,随后可能因流动性驱动的回调。

在基本面扭曲、流动性成为主导力量的背景下,市场参与者正在适应。

宏观分析更新至 2025 年 8 月 3 日,涵盖以下主题:

  • 本周宏观事件

  • 比特币热度指标

  • 市场概览

  • 关键经济指标

  • 印度聚焦

本周宏观事件总结

比特币热度指标

银行与监管动态:

  • 美国证券交易委员会(SEC)启动「加密计划」,旨在加强监管并提升美国在数字金融领域的领导地位。

  • PayPal 推出「加密支付」功能,允许美国企业接受 100 种加密货币。

  • Visa 扩展稳定币结算能力,新增支持的代币和区块链。

  • BNB 创历史新高,机构需求和公司资金涌入推动上涨。

机构投资与项目发展:

  • Tron Inc.提交 10 亿美元证券声明,成为 TRX 的最大持有者。

  • Strategy Inc.收购 7.398 亿美元比特币,持仓扩大至 430 亿美元,并推出优先股 IPO。

  • Tether 报告第二季度利润 49 亿美元,比特币和黄金需求强劲。

  • SharpLink Gaming 收购 2.95 亿美元以太坊,成为第二大持有者,持仓 438,017 ETH。

  • Syntetika Hub 上线:生态系统中的学习、贡献和奖励中心。

NFT 与数字收藏品市场:

  • NFT 销售额在 7 月飙升至 5.74 亿美元,为 2025 年第二高,受巨鲸资产需求推动。

  • CryptoPunks 底价达到 20.8 万美元,创三年新高,以太坊上涨带动市场。

市场概览

美国经济:更广泛的减速迹象

  • 本周经济数据传递出明确且一致的信号:美国经济增长势头在今年上半年急剧放缓。

  • 消费者行为正在改变,尽管家庭资产负债表更为健康,但信用卡使用收紧,反映出不确定性上升而非乐观情绪。

  • 住房负担能力创历史新低:即使房价小幅下跌,抵押贷款利率和持有成本(税收、保险、维护)激增。亚特兰大联储报告显示拥有一套中等价位住房现在消耗了中产阶级收入的 53%,为历史最高,突显了住房拥有权的结构性障碍。

全球央行:政策路径分化

  • 政策分歧正在显现:日本、加拿大、巴西、哥伦比亚和新加坡央行维持利率不变,而智利和南非则因通胀放缓和经济疲软提前降息 25 个基点。

  • 欧元区第二季度 GDP 略高于预期,环比增长 0.1%,但核心通胀稳定在 2.3% 同比,表明欧洲央行将保持谨慎。

  • 中国 7 月 PMI 走软,表明其经济复苏势头消退速度快于预期,可能拖累区域需求和供应链。

美联储:数据依赖的困境

  • 美联储连续第五次会议将利率维持在 4.25%–4.50%,强化了其在混合信号中的谨慎立场。

  • 9 月会议仍可能调整利率,但并非确定降息,美联储官员明确表示需等待劳动力市场、通胀和消费者数据的更清晰证据。

  • 前景取决于经济放缓的深度以及通胀是否继续缓解而不引发衰退。

关键经济指标

美日协议:

新关税协议:低于威胁但仍高企

  • 美国宣布对所有日本进口商品征收 15% 的关税,高于之前的 10%,远高于年初的 2.5%。

  • 汽车及零部件此前关税为 27.5%,现统一为 15%,推动日本汽车股和股市上涨。

通胀风险来自进口价格上涨

  • 尽管避免了极端的 25% 税率,15% 的关税仍会推高日本商品的消费者价格,增加通胀压力并削弱美国家庭购买力。

  • 更广泛的贸易政策转变可能进一步推高其他地区的进口成本。

日本 5500 亿美元投资承诺:条款不明

  • 特朗普称日本将向美国投资 5500 亿美元,其中 90% 的利润归美国,称之为「签约奖金」。

  • 然而日本谈判代表表示这一数字是上限而非保证金额,并期望美国分担风险和融资。

  • 缺乏书面协议引发对执行力的质疑,为未来争议埋下伏笔。

美国制造业推动面临劳动力限制

  • 协议旨在将更多制造业活动转移至美国,但在劳动力短缺和移民政策收紧的情况下,如何填补岗位尚不明确。

  • 这一矛盾削弱了通过回流减少贸易逆差的策略。

汽车行业反弹:不公平竞争

美国汽车制造商面临比日本进口商更高的成本,原因包括:

  • 进口零部件 25% 的关税。

  • 进口钢铁和铝 50% 的关税。

  • 北美自由贸易协定(NAFTA/USMCA)下复杂的退税流程。

行业领袖警告协议偏向日本而非美国制造商和工人,担忧其为未来贸易协议开创先例。

协议存疑:谈判而非合同签署

  • 未签署正式条约;双方已对条款解释产生分歧。

  • 引发对美国依赖非约束性贸易承诺的广泛担忧,可能侵蚀未来谈判的信任和稳定性。

就业市场:

新毕业生面临前所未有的招聘低迷情况

  • 近期大学毕业生的失业率创十年新高,仅比所有年轻工人低一个百分点,差距异常狭窄。

  • 历史上,大学毕业生就业前景远优于同龄人,这一趋同是白领就业趋势的警示信号。

AI 并非主因,至少目前如此

  • 尽管生成式 AI 被指责消灭初级岗位,但其影响仍局限于特定行业(如科技)。

  • 更广泛的措施尚不足以解释毕业生招聘的普遍疲软。

政策不确定性让市场降温

  • 贸易政策、美联储利率方向和移民限制的不确定性可能阻碍企业招聘,尤其是技术岗位。

  • 这种不确定性也影响员工行为,离职率低,反映在不稳定市场中换工作的犹豫。

  • 离职减少=职位空缺减少,导致劳动力市场流动放缓。

技术工人短缺缓解

  • 长期存在的大学毕业生短缺,曾是高工资溢价的关键驱动正在减弱。

  • 随着更多工人进入技术劳动力池,工资溢价趋于平缓或下降,可能进一步抑制传统高增长行业的创造力。

印度聚焦

英国 - 印度贸易协议:一次重大的非美国转向

  • 英国和印度达成一项具有里程碑意义的贸易协议,削减 90% 以上英国对印度出口商品的关税。

  • 英国预计到 2040 年对印出口将增长 60%,得益于快速增长的印度市场准入。

汽车行业大赢家

  • 印度将汽车进口关税从 100% 降至 10%,这一戏剧性变化可能重塑汽车市场。

  • 但配额限制了进口总量,抑制了英国汽车制造商的短期商业收益。

印度获益显著

尽管新闻聚焦英国出口增长,但印度从自身关税削减中获益更多:

  • 消费者价格降低

  • 国内竞争加剧

  • 印度企业的全球竞争力增强

这些结构性优势可能提升印度的长期出口能力和生产力。

印度对英出口商品免税 50%

此前面临 4%–16% 关税的印度出口商品中,约 50% 将免税进入英国,助力印度纺织、制药和食品出口商。

战略性贸易重组

  • 该协议反映全球趋势:随着美国关税扰乱现有贸易模式,各国正尝试伙伴关系多元化。

  • 印度正积极寻求与欧盟、东盟甚至美国的贸易自由化,将自己定位为后全球化重置中的关键参与者。

总结

超投机资本主义时代的核心特征是流动性驱动、财政主导和市场对传统经济逻辑的背离。比特币的疯狂、贸易格局的重构以及劳动力市场的演变,都是这一时代的缩影。投资者和政策制定者需适应这一新现实,灵活应对流动性波动和政策不确定性带来的挑战。

当前全球经济的一个显著特征是流动性驱动的市场行为。传统的经济理论认为,资产价格应反映其内在价值或未来现金流的折现。然而,在超投机资本主义时代,流动性即可用资金的充裕程度成为主导市场价格的核心因素。

以比特币为例,其价格波动与全球 M2 货币供应量的增长高度相关。当中央银行通过量化宽松或其他手段向市场注入大量资金时,这些资金往往流向高风险、高回报的资产,如加密货币。这种现象在 2025 年尤为明显,尽管美联储维持较高利率,但比特币仍持续上涨,反映出市场对流动性的依赖已超过对传统经济指标的关注。

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