做好这3点,香港Web3将会繁荣——港理大陆海天教授解读香港监管新政

火必Опубліковано о 2022-12-06Востаннє оновлено о 2022-12-06

Анотація

香港《虚拟资产发展的政策宣言》落地一个月后,行业开始出现逆风。在“对话港府,布局未来——频繁暴雷之下,香港新政能否继续落地”的线上论坛中,港理大陆海天教授解读香港监管新政,他认为产权的保护、合同的落地、反欺诈的推进能够帮助行业更好发展。

距10月31号香港发布《虚拟资产发展的政策宣言》已经过去1个月。在《宣言》落地一个月后,行业开始出现逆风。12月1日晚21:00,“对话港府,布局未来——频繁暴雷之下,香港新政能否继续落地”的线上论坛在火必Live和多家平台同步直播。火必全球顾问孙宇晨、Nano Labs创始人Jack孔、火必联合创始人杜均等多位Web3行业代表与全国政协委员吴杰庄、香港财经事务及库税局副局长陈浩濂等香港嘉宾展开对话。

嘉宾信息:陆海天 香港理工大学终身教授,香港理工大学内地事务总监,中国高等院校香港校友会联合会副会长及学术委员会主席,大湾区金融科技促进总会副会长

主持人:我们非常荣幸邀请到陆海天教授分享对香港虚拟资产监管方向的相关的观点:

从2015年开始专注互联网金融的研究后,我在港科大成立了可持续经济与创业金融的研究中心,并从18年开始专注数字资产。我认为香港的这份《虚拟资产政策宣言》兼有谨慎乐观和理性务实。

首先,宣言认可区块链技术和Web3是未来的商业与金融的大趋势。其次,它认为合理的监管之下,虚拟资产行业可以发挥自身优势。最后,香港有着世界级的系统,包括:产权保护,法律设施,投资者的基础等,这让香港有条件成为世界级的虚拟资产交易中心。

政策宣言希望虚拟资产市场以可持续的方式在香港蓬勃发展。其中的可持续是重点,凸显了香港希望用一种Builder的心态与行业共同成长。监管层也谈到了相同业务,相同风险,相同规则。这意味着监管层认为,业务性质决定项目风险,而风险点决定了监管手段。面对类似的监管手段,监管者手里已经有一整套的工具,通过各种监管手段的结合可以达到预期的监管的效果。举个例子,无论token是什么样的形式,只要符合了证券资产的特征就应该被定义为证券。另外,如果项目属于资产管理雷,那资产管理的监管方法就能适用。我认为不用把虚拟资产看成洪水猛兽,只要能定义相应的业务类型,就会有一个明确的监管手段。

下面谈一下监管规则和框架应该从哪几个方面着力。从学术的角度来看,构建良好市场需要做到以下3点:

1、产权的确认和保护。一旦产权的归属明确,拥有该产权的人会受到激励并尽可能最大化资产效用。政策宣言中已经提及所有权,并认为虚拟资产的特性和当前资产并不完全一致。但港府抱着开放的态度学习,有望构建比较好的监管框架。而一旦虚拟资产确权,它的想象空间和爆发力惊人。

2、订立合同的自由以及保护合同效用。当所有权可以转让,权益所有人才有望获利。所以,允许监管下的虚拟资产交易是必要的,只有这样才能发现虚拟资产的最大价值。

3、反欺诈(anti-fraught)。从负面角度思考,如果一个市场上允许发布虚假信息且不用负法律责任,结果就会导致劣币驱逐良币和逆向选择。其实,如果没有办法区分好苹果和烂苹果,市场必将充斥着烂苹果,买家也会失去信心并退出市场。所以,为市场能够区分出好苹果和烂苹果创造条件,必须要有良好的法律来惩治欺诈。

此外,我们知道监管层也会有如:反垄断、金融稳定,防止系统性风险,反洗钱等目标。应对相关的监管目标,香港成型已久的金融监管手段可以快速适用。

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