以太坊合并的3位赢家和2位输家

Odaily星球日报Опубліковано о 2022-09-10Востаннє оновлено о 2022-09-10

Анотація

PoW矿工无疑是最大输家。

以太坊合并预计将在 9 月 15 日左右进行，或许将成为以太坊历史上最重要的历史时刻之一。虽然加密生态将从中受益，但并非每个人都会成为赢家，我们梳理了 3 个潜在的最大赢家和 2 大输家，下面就一起来看看吧。

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以太坊合并后的最大赢家：ETH

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合并之后给以太坊带来的最大影响就是 ETH 市值有可能超越 BTC ，成为新晋加密货币之王。虽然这个潜在影响对某些人来说似乎有些牵强，但毫无疑问，围绕合并后的 ETH 价格走势一直受到市场参与者关注。根据 Coingecko 数据显示，虽然当前 ETH 价格距离 4,878.26 美元历史高点仍有较大距离，但最近 7 天涨幅达到 10.3%，而同期 BTC 涨幅为 8.0%。

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另一方面，以太坊合并后 ETH 与宏观经济因素挂钩也将越来越紧密。SmartFi 企业解决方案副总裁 Chris Terry 表示，从长远来看，世界需要更高效的区块链，因此 ETH 将成为最终赢家，但话虽如此，由于宏观经济影响，无论合并后权益证明共识机制有多好，在全球经济走低和股市暴跌大环境下，ETH 走势可能仍有一些风险。

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以太坊合并后的另两个赢家：DeFi 和 NFT

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如今，数百个 DeFi 生态系统项目建立在以太坊区块链上，许多 NFT 项目也是如此，以太坊合并将会成为 DeFi 和 NFT 增长的最大驱动力之一。

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现阶段，铸造 NFT 需要消耗的硬件和能源较大，不少环保人士甚至形容“铸造一枚 NFT 就像在烧毁一片森林”，而在合并之后，以太坊区块链的能耗将大幅降低。FITCHIN 首席执行官 Santiago Portela 表示：“合并只是以太坊扩展的第一步，最终整个网络将变得更便宜、更快、更容易使用。当然，合并是这一切的基石，而这一基石对于 DeFi 和 NFT 等服务至关重要，因为 DeFi 和 NFT 都需要更快、更便宜的区块链支持。简而言之，所有依赖以太坊的应用程序最终都将受益于这种向权益证明的过渡。”

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GOGO Protocol 创始人 Krugljakow 补充说：“虽然合并本身不会立即让以太坊变得更快、更便宜，但它为后续的升级奠定了基础。这就是为什么它是如此重要的事件。”

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以太坊合并后的最大输家：PoW 矿工

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正如上文提到的，合并后以太坊将从工作量证明（PoW ）共识机制转向权益证明机制，能耗也将减少 99.95%，这意味绝大多数昂贵且高能耗的矿机将变得一无是处，矿工也将成为以太坊合并后的最大输家。加密基础设施公司 Blockdaemon 以太坊生态系统负责人 Freddy Zwanzger 直言不讳地称：

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“以太坊合并后的最大输家就是 PoW 矿工，虽然他们可能会尝试建立 PoW-ETH，但这种方式不会获得长久成功，质押 ETH 的验证者显然将从更高的奖励中受益。”

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根据 The Block Research 发布的《2022 年数字资产展望报告》输家显示，以太坊矿工创造了 165 亿美元的收入，同比增长 678%，创历史新高，这主要是由于二季度和三季度 NFT 活动激增导致交易费用收入增加。实际上，以太坊硬件矿工已经在硬件设备上投资了数十亿美元，一旦合并完成，这些设备很快将变得无用，他们将需要迁移开采其他加密资产，而这些资产的利润显然比 ETH 要低得多。

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以太坊合并后的另一输家：投机者

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需要注意的是，尽管以太坊合并会给网络和生态带来许多积极变化，但升级过程依然非常复杂且存在较大的不确定性，这可能导致加密市场的波动性增加，因此想利用合并的投机者最终可能会以失败收场。

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ECO 首席执行官 Andy Bromberg 解释说：“鉴于合并技术的复杂程度，可能会出现意想不到的问题，虽然测试网合并总体上进展顺利，但这种规模的迁移仍然存在不可知的风险。 其次，中心化和去中心化产品——无论是借贷协议还是交易所——都可能在分叉 方面遇到问题。 合并之后，会突然出现多条区块链链并存，也可能会带来一系列问题。”

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不仅如此，以太坊合并后的不确定性很可能会产生“涟漪效应”，最终波及到比特币和更广泛的加密市场，导致整个加密/DeFi 领域将“出现很多混乱”，因此想在此过程中投机的人或许会面临巨大风险。

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