SK海力士暴跌是因为这份报告?

金十数据Опубліковано о 2026-07-14Востаннє оновлено о 2026-07-14

Анотація

SK海力士股价单日暴跌15%。此前,韩国投资证券下调该公司未来盈利预测,但也强调并非看空,而是长期供货协议改变了存储行业的定价方式,高盈利能力反而有望维持更长时间。

7月13日,SK海力士韩国股价大跌15.37%,收于184.5万韩元,较历史高点回落近四成,并拖累韩国KOSPI指数重挫近9%。市场分析认为,引发股价剧烈调整的重要因素之一,是韩国投资证券(KIS)当天发布的一份最新研究报告。

不过,这份报告虽然下调了未来盈利预测,却并未改变对公司长期盈利能力的乐观判断。

韩国投资证券预计,SK海力士第二季度实现营收80.9万亿韩元、营业利润60.4万亿韩元,同比分别增长264%和556%。尽管营业利润较市场一致预期的65万亿韩元低约8%,但报告认为,这并非需求转弱所致,而是产品结构变化影响了平均售价表现。

韩国投资证券分析师蔡敏锡(Chae Min-suk)表示,由于SK海力士HBM销售占比高于竞争对手,HBM产品在收入中的占比持续提升,使公司整体平均售价(ASP)涨幅反而低于市场平均水平,因此利润表现略低于市场预期,而非基本面出现恶化。

报告预计,这种情况将在下半年逐步改善。随着HBM4自第三季度开始全面量产并进入销售阶段,公司ASP增幅有望重新与行业平均水平保持一致。

韩国投资证券预计,今年第二季度DRAM和NAND平均售价环比分别上涨约30%和50%,推动盈利继续改善,公司营业利润率有望达到创纪录的74.6%,之后仍将逐季提升。

长期协议改变存储行业估值逻辑

基于最新价格假设,韩国投资证券将SK海力士今年和2027年的营业利润预测分别下调9%和11%。

不过,蔡敏锡强调,此次调整并非因为看空公司未来盈利,而是基于已签署的长期供货协议(LTA),对未来产品价格假设进行了更加现实的修正。

他认为,随着存储行业越来越多采用3至5年期长期供货协议,市场关注重点正在发生变化。未来决定企业价值的,不再是季度ASP涨跌幅,而是企业能够维持高盈利水平的持续时间。

韩国投资证券指出,长期协议占比不断提升,将显著削弱过去存储行业高度依赖现货价格、盈利大起大落的周期特征。相比单个季度价格波动,未来更值得关注的是收入和利润的持续性。

与此同时,HBM持续扩产也在改变行业供需格局。由于先进制程产能大量向HBM倾斜,传统DRAM产能扩张受到限制,整体存储供给仍维持偏紧状态。在合同销售比例持续提高、供给依然紧张的背景下,SK海力士有望在较长时间内保持较高盈利水平。

ADR上市带来国际资金关注,估值提升仍存分歧

除了基本面变化,SK海力士近期完成美国ADR上市,也成为市场关注焦点。

SK海力士ADR日前登陆纳斯达克,上市首个交易日较发行价上涨13.08%,显示国际投资者对这家韩国AI存储龙头的关注持续升温。与此同时,多家美国ETF发行商计划于本周推出以SK海力士ADR为标的的杠杆及反向ETF,包括两倍做多、两倍做空及反向产品,进一步丰富海外投资者参与SK海力士交易的渠道,也反映出国际市场对相关投资产品需求正在快速上升。

不过,对于ADR上市是否能够推动SK海力士整体估值提升,市场仍存在不同观点。

KB证券研究主管金东元(Kim Dong-won)认为,美国上市有望推动SK海力士ADR与韩国本土股票同步获得重新估值,国际资本参与度提高或将提升公司的全球定价水平。

新韩证券分析师卢东吉(Roh Dong-gil)则持相对谨慎态度。他表示,ADR出现估值溢价并不意味着韩国本土股票一定能够同步获得更高估值,美国市场形成的价格发现机制究竟能在多大程度上传导至韩国市场,仍有待进一步观察。

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