欧央行官员 Kazaks 警告:「现在谈降息为时过早」,通胀风险仍需警惕

深潮Опубліковано о 2025-11-27Востаннє оновлено о 2025-11-28

欧洲央行官员 Kazaks 警告,现在讨论降息为时过早,给市场预期泼了冷水。

撰文:张雅琦

来源:华尔街见闻

欧洲央行管理委员会委员 Martins Kazaks 对市场关于即将降息的预期泼了一盆冷水,他明确表示,鉴于潜在通胀率依然高企且风险并存,现在讨论进一步放宽货币政策为时过早。

Kazaks 周四在接受路透采访时表示,「鉴于我们迄今收到的数据,我认为讨论降息的时机尚未成熟。」这一表态发生在欧洲央行将于 12 月 18 日举行下一次政策会议之前,为央行未来的利率路径增添了不确定性。

他的言论对投资者而言是一个明确的信号:尽管欧洲央行在截至今年 6 月的一年内将政策利率减半,但决策者对通胀的警惕性丝毫未减。在 6 月之后,尽管有预测显示通胀将小幅走低且经济增长温和,但欧洲央行一直将利率维持在现有水平。Kazaks 的讲话表明,未来任何降息行动都不是板上钉钉的事。

他强调,核心通胀率「远高于 2%」是其持谨慎立场的一个关键原因。他认为,通胀前景存在双向风险,因此当前并非放松警惕的时刻。

关注 2026-2027 年通胀预测

对于即将到来的 12 月会议,新的通胀预测将是决策的关键。届时,欧洲央行决策者将收到未来三年的通胀预测数据。

Kazaks 特别强调了 2026 年和 2027 年的预测数字。他指出,「货币政策的传导需要一到两年的时间」,因此相比于不确定性较高的更远期预测,近两年的数据更具参考价值。他认为,「一个三年后的预测误差范围很广,特别是在当前这种不确定性水平下。」

根据欧洲央行 9 月份发布的最新预测,2026 年的通胀率预计为 1.7%,2027 年为 1.9%,均已接近或低于 2% 的目标。下次会议发布的更新数据,将成为衡量央行后续行动的重要依据。

通胀上行风险不容忽视

在评估通胀前景时,Kazaks 承认存在一些可能拉低通胀的因素。他提到,欧盟 ETS2 排放交易体系的可能推迟将「拉平」通胀曲线。此外,海外商品在欧洲市场的倾销以及欧元可能出现的升值,也被视为通胀的下行风险。

然而,他同时指出,这些下行风险是「更为人所熟知的」。他警告称,决策者不应忽视通胀的上行风险,例如贸易碎片化可能带来的物价压力。Kazaks 重申,央行同事们应「继续关注一直远高于 2% 的核心通胀」,这表明控制潜在物价压力仍是欧洲央行的核心关切。

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