Власти ОАЭ расширили полномочия центробанка на сектор Web3

cryptonews.ruОпубліковано о 2025-11-24Востаннє оновлено о 2025-11-25

  • В ОАЭ приняли Федеральный указ-закон № (6).
  • Он расширяет полномочия центробанка на сектор Web3.
  • Правила затрагивают не только непосредственно поставщиков услуг, но и разработчиков ПО, а также инфраструктуру.

В ОАЭ приняли Федеральный указ-закон № (6) от 2025 года, который существенно расширяет полномочия Центробанка (CBUAE) в отношении сферы Web3. Нарушителям грозят штрафы до 1 млрд дирхамов ($272 млн) и, возможно, уголовная ответственность.

Несмотря на то, что Федеральный указ-закон № (6) от 2025 года о Центральном банке, регулировании финансовых учреждений и деятельности, а также страхового дела опубликовали в правительственной газете только сейчас, он вступил в силу в сентябре 2025 года.

Билль охватывает децентрализованные протоколы (DeFi), кроссчейн-мосты, децентрализованные биржи (DEX), стейблкоины и поставщиков инфраструктуры, передавая их под надзор Центробанка ОАЭ. У контрагентов, подпадающих под новые правила, есть время до сентября 2026 года на то, чтобы получить лицензию.

В противном случае нарушителя ожидают штрафы на сумму до 1 млрд дирхам ($272 млн) и даже уголовная ответственность.

Положение, затрагивающие криптосферу, изложены в статьях 61 и 62. В них перечислены виды деятельности, которые требуют лицензии регулятора, включая:

  • предоставление платежных услуг с использованием виртуальных активов;
  • предоставление услуг по хранению ценностей, розничных платежей и цифровых денег;
  • организация, продвижение, маркетинг лицензированной финансовой деятельности.

В статье 62, в свою очередь, сказано, что лицензированию также подлежит «любое лицо, осуществляющее, предлагающее, выпускающее или содействующее, прямо или косвенно, любой поднадзорной финансовой деятельности» вне зависимости от ее формы.

Вместе с тем закон не запрещает некастодиальные криптокошельки. Однако, если компания-поставщик предоставляет возможность совершать платежи, переводы или другие финансовые услуги, то ей, возможно, придется получить лицензию, отметил в комментарии изданию Cointelegraph Кокила Алаг, основатель и управляющий партнер Karm Legal Consultants.

Некоторые криптоэксперты настроены относительно новых правил скептически. В их числе Микко Охтамаа из Trading Strategy. Он считает, что это первый в мире закон, который расширяет надзор на поставщиков технологии и означает запрет сферы в ОАЭ.

«Даже если толковать закон узко, ограничиваясь полномочиями центробанка в сфере “платежей”, “платежных токенов” (читай: стейблкоинов) или “денежных переводов”, исключая биткоин, он все равно охватывает все, что сегодня относится к криптовалюте», — резюмировал он.

По словам Охтамаа, это касательно не только отдельных протоколов, но и взаимодействия с сетью в целом, например, Ethereum или Solana.

«Если “поставщик инфраструктуры”, будь то самостоятельный кошелек или RPC-узел, подключающий вас к сети, подлежит регулированию, публичный блокчейн перестает быть общедоступным», — считает эксперт.

Ранее мы сообщали о том, что в ОАЭ подписали соглашение об автоматическом обмене налоговой информацией по криптовалютам.

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