美联储主席五位候选人锁定,特朗普称预计年底作出决定

深潮Опубліковано о 2025-10-26Востаннє оновлено о 2025-10-27

特朗普本人对媒体确认,他预计在年底前就提名人选做出最终决定。

撰文:张雅琦,华尔街见闻

随着现任美联储主席鲍威尔的任期临近,下任主席的遴选工作已进入最后阶段。

据报道,财政部长贝森特周一在「空军一号」上对媒体表示,美联储主席的候选人范围已缩小至五人。他们分别是:现任美联储理事 Christopher Waller 和 Michelle Bowman,前美联储理事 Kevin Warsh,白宫国家经济委员会主任 Kevin Hassett,以及贝莱德(BlackRock Inc.)高管 Rick Rieder。

贝森特透露,他计划进行新一轮面试,并希望在感恩节假期后向总统特朗普提交一份「优秀的候选人名单」。特朗普本人也对媒体确认,他预计在年底前就提名人选做出最终决定。

这一进展正值美联储即将召开政策会议之际。市场普遍预期,在 10 月 29 日结束的为期两天的会议上,联邦公开市场委员会将再次降息 25 个基点。对投资者而言,下一任美联储主席的人选至关重要,因为这将直接影响美国未来货币政策的方向以及央行的独立性。

五人角逐美联储帅位

由财长贝森特确认的这份五人名单,囊括了来自美联储内部、白宫以及华尔街的资深人士。贝森特本人正主导此次遴选的面试工作。

名单中的 Christopher Waller 和 Michelle Bowman 均为现任美联储理事会成员,拥有丰富的央行系统内部经验。Kevin Warsh 曾担任美联储理事,在金融危机时期扮演过重要角色。白宫国家经济委员会主任 Kevin Hassett 则代表了来自政府行政部门的人选。最后一位是来自资产管理巨头贝莱德的高管 Rick Rieder,他将为遴选带来重要的市场视角。

此外,总统特朗普周一重申,他预计财长贝森特本人不会离开现有职位去执掌美联储。

遴选过程的时间框架已变得十分清晰。贝森特表示,他计划在进行更多面试后,于感恩节后向总统提交最终候选人名单。

特朗普则公开设定了年底前做出决定的最后期限。周一,特朗普在对媒体发表讲话时,再次对他亲自任命的现任主席鲍威尔提出批评,称其「一点也不聪明」,并指责鲍威尔未能大幅降息,从而拖累了经济增长。

降息预期成关键背景

对现任主席的批评,与特朗普长期以来对货币政策的公开施压一脉相承。在美联储决策者恢复降息之前,特朗普曾表示,他希望央行将利率下调三个百分点。

目前,市场普遍预计美联储将在本周的会议上宣布降息 25 个基点,这将是连续第二次采取此类行动。在这样的背景下,新主席人选不仅关系到美联储未来的利率路径,也关系到其在承受政治压力时的政策独立性,这是投资者密切关注的核心问题。

根据现有信息,鲍威尔作为美联储主席的任期将于明年 5 月结束。下一任主席的提名,很可能会与一个于 2026 年初空缺出来的、为期 14 年的美联储理事任期相结合进行任命。

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