财富杂志:科技巨头为何蜂拥稳定币

比推Опубліковано о 2025-07-09Востаннє оновлено о 2025-07-09

原文作者:Ben Weiss、Leo Schwartz

原文编译:Luffy,Foresight News

原标题:财富杂志:科技巨头扎堆稳定币,究竟在赌什么?


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Dara Khosrowshahi,Uber 首席执行官

今年 6 月,Uber 首席执行官 Dara Khosrowshahi 宣布,这家共享出行巨头正在考虑将稳定币作为一种全球资金转账方式。若在一年前,科技巨头高管发表这样的言论会显得离谱。但如今,从苹果到亚马逊,更不用说各大银行和券商,都在争相拥抱稳定币 ——一种与美元等标的资产挂钩的加密货币。究竟发生了什么变化?

最明显的是,华盛顿特区的监管环境已发生巨大转变。参议院已通过一项法案,目前正由众议院审议,该法案将为稳定币融入金融体系扫清障碍。

加密货币支持者还表示,稳定币的商业前景越来越广阔。与比特币、以太坊等波动性更强的加密货币不同,稳定币有望成为更高效的支付方式,它能够以近乎即时的速度和更低的成本发送数字美元。这可能从根本上改变企业处理全球资金管理、向全球员工和承包商支付薪酬等各类事务的方式。

然而,由于这项技术仍处于早期阶段,且监管前景尚不明朗,接受《财富》杂志采访的分析师对硅谷科技巨头近期是否会广泛采用稳定币持怀疑态度。

经营成本

对于像亚马逊这样的公司来说,在全球范围内转移资金成本高昂。根据其 2024 年年报,国际业务净销售额占去年合并收入的 22% ,总额近 1430 亿美元。这些销售额以当地货币计价,这意味着该公司必须考虑外汇风险和货币波动,这可能会使其损失数十亿美元。

稳定币初创公司 Agora 的首席执行官兼联合创始人 Nick van Eck 指出,全球资金管理是稳定币的优势之一,能够将当地货币兑换成稳定币并将其汇回美国 。

Agora 允许公司标记自己的美元稳定币。 Nick van Eck 告诉《财富》杂志,虽然 Agora 目前的客户大多是加密货币公司,但他的理想客户是像百事可乐这样的跨国公司,这类公司在全球拥有数十个银行账户和企业实体,以及数千家供应商。「稳定币可以大幅提高他们的资本效率,」他说道,「现在你可以在一秒钟内将 1 亿美元从一个国家转移到另一个国家,而无需等待数天。」

Agora 并非唯一一家希望从硅谷稳定币热潮中获利的初创公司。过去一年,包括 Mesh、Bastion 和 BVNK 在内的众多稳定币初创公司已从风险投资公司筹集了数千万美元。去年 10 月,支付公司 Stripe 以 11 亿美元 完成了对稳定币初创公司 Bridge 的里程碑式收购。

Stripe 的客户涵盖了财富 100 强企业中的一半,该公司提供多种支付产品,包括帮助企业自动向客户收费、提供预建的结账系统、帮助客户进行全球汇款等。联合创始人 Patrick Collison 和 John Collison 在最近致投资者的年度信中对稳定币赞不绝口,称这类资产将帮助大型企业更快地在全球扩张,并带来其他好处。

「我为什么要用稳定币支付?」

Baird 公司负责亚马逊研究的分析师 Colin Sebastian 告诉《财富》杂志,各大公司一直在寻找能够帮助管理开支或减少摩擦的金融工具或支付方式。「传统的信用卡支付相当昂贵,」他说,「当然,跨境交易的费用甚至更高。」

然而,尽管亚马逊和其他跨国公司可能有经济动机尝试采用稳定币,但说服消费者采用该技术进行支付将更加棘手。「什么才能真正推动消费者行为的改变?」Sebastian 问道,「信用卡和借记卡已经非常受欢迎。」

Maxim Group 分析师 Thomas Forte 关注亚马逊和苹果等消费互联网公司,他同意 Sebastian 的观点。他认为,亚马逊对稳定币最合理的用途是通过稳定币接受客户付款,从而降低交易费用。「我纠结的是:作为美国消费者,我为什么要用稳定币支付?」Forte 问道。

Agora 联合创始人 Van Eck 认为,至少在美国稳定币得到更广泛采用之前,最有可能接受这项技术的将是货币波动性更大的国家,因为这些国家的消费者更有动力尝试更稳定的支付方式。他回忆起最近从美国以外的天使投资人那里获得资金的一个例子,一笔资金需要 10 个工作日才能到账,另一笔则需要 22 个工作日。「这种情况非常普遍,不仅对个人而言,对跨国经营的企业也是如此,」他告诉《财富》杂志。

例如,在阿根廷,通货膨胀已经持续了 15 年多,该国货币兑美元汇率暴跌。因此, 2023 年 6 月至 2024 年 7 月,阿根廷的稳定币交易量占该国加密货币交易量的近 62% 也就不足为奇了。而根据 Chainalysis 2024 年的 一份报告,全球平均水平约为 45% 。

专注于稳定币投资的加密风险投资公司 Castle Island Ventures 的创始合伙人 Nic Carter 表示:「我更关注那些真正为企业解决问题的业务,比如帮助尼日利亚的企业向菲律宾的某人付款之类的。」

尽管如此,美国的大型科技公司对这项技术仍然充满热情,并且已经采取行动进入这个新兴领域。PayPal 已经推出了自己的稳定币。在线经纪公司 Robinhood 和支付巨头万事达卡都加入了一个联盟,联盟成员可以铸造或创建稳定币 USDG。亚马逊、苹果和 Meta 等公司也已开始探索使用稳定币进行支付。

Meta 此前拒绝就其稳定币计划发表评论。苹果和亚马逊的发言人尚未回应置评请求。

Baird 分析师 Sebastian 表示,随着国会对稳定币的监管即将完成,大型科技公司试验这项新技术几乎没有坏处。「许多大型科技公司的一个共同特点是,它们非常愿意尝试新事物。」

说明: 比推所有文章只代表作者观点,不构成投资建议

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