加密货币大消息!美住房监管主管要求“两房”做好准备

金十数据Опубліковано о 2025-06-26Востаннє оновлено о 2025-06-26

在美国住房金融系统的一项里程碑式转变中,联邦住房金融局(FHFA)已发布一项指令,要求房利美(Fannie Mae)和房地美(Freddie Mac)在单户抵押贷款风险评估中,正式将加密货币视为一项资产。

美国联邦住房金融署署长威廉·普尔特(William J. Pulte)于当地时间周三签署了这项指令,标志着加密货币首次被纳入美国住房贷款核心体系。

该指令指示这两家住房金融巨头制定相关提案,将数字资产纳入考量范围,并且不要求借款人在贷款交割前将其清算为美元。

普尔特在社交媒体平台X上发帖表示,此举符合特朗普总统“将美国打造成世界加密货币之都”的愿景。

一直以来,由于波动性大、监管不确定性以及难以轻松验证储备等原因,加密货币被排除在贷款承销框架之外。而这项指令的发布,改变了这一现状。

这一决定出台之际,加密货币正日益获得银行、支付和联邦政策等机构的认可。

该指令指出:“加密货币是一种新兴的资产类别,可能提供在股票和债券市场之外积累财富的机会”,这表明加密货币在家庭金融投资组合中的作用日益增长。

根据要求,只有存储于美国监管的中心化交易所且能明确验证的数字资产才被纳入考虑范围。同时,房利美和房地美需制定内部调整方案,以应对加密货币的市场波动,并确保任何以加密资产构成的风险加权储备不会降低信贷标准。两家机构须将评估方案提交董事会批准,最终由FHFA进行审查。

房利美和房地美于2008年9月被置于政府控制之下,这两家实体被称为政府支持企业(GSEs)。

这是加密货币倡导者的重大胜利,它使数字资产获得与其他资产同等的待遇。”Redfin首席经济学家达里尔·费尔韦瑟(Daryl Fairweather)指出。当前股票投资已被列为合格储备资产,但贷款机构通常会对波动性较高的个股或加密货币进行折价评估。“只要根据波动性合理调整估值,将加密资产计入储备完全可行。”

该政策旨在拓宽银行评估借款人信用的维度,为更多潜在购房者打开融资大门,同时承认加密货币作为债券、股票之外的主流投资选择地位。根据命令,两机构需“在合理可行范围内尽快”提交方案。作为美国经济基石,房利美与房地美担保着全美12万亿美元房贷市场的半壁江山。

Realtor.com首席经济学家丹妮尔·黑尔(Danielle Hale)强调:“若两巨头接受加密货币作为抵押品,将强力推动银行改变现行规则。那些原本必须抛售加密资产才能达标的人群——或许这正是他们放弃购房的关键原因——现在可以直接获得贷款资格,这实质上扩大了合格买家池。”

自2022年初抵押贷款利率从疫情低点攀升以来,美国房市持续低迷。去年房屋销量跌至近30年谷底,今年迄今仍受高利率和房价压制难见起色。Redfin数据显示,截至4月全美房市卖家数量较买家高出近34%。

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