Американский регулятор: Мемкоины — это не ценные бумаги

cryptonews.ruОпубліковано о 2024-06-28Востаннє оновлено о 2025-02-28

Отдел корпоративных финансов Комиссии по ценным бумагам и биржам США (SEC) заявил, что мемкоины не считаются ценными бумагами, однако инвестируя в такие токены, пользователи лишаются правовой защиты.

SEC отметила, что мемкоин — это тип криптоактива, вдохновленный интернет-мемами, персонажами или текущими тенденциями. Отдельные токены могут иметь уникальные особенности, однако в основном мемкоины покупаются для развлечения, социального взаимодействия и культурных целей. Их стоимость в первую очередь определяется рыночными спекуляциями и настроениями рынка. В этом отношении мемкоины похожи на предметы коллекционирования.

Регулятор заявил, что транзакции с мемкоинами не подразумевают предложение и продажу инвестиционных контрактов в соответствии с федеральными законами о ценных бумагах. Термин «ценная бумага» охватывает акции, облигации, векселя и финансовые инструменты. Мемкоины не относятся ни к одному из них, поскольку они не генерируют доход и не передают права на будущий доход, прибыль или активы бизнеса.

Другими словами, мемкоины не являются ценными бумагами, даже если использовать тест Хауи, помогающий определить, относится тот или иной актив к категории ценных бумаг, подчеркнула SEC. Покупатели мемкоинов не инвестируют в предприятие, то есть, их средства не объединяются для последующей разработки токена. Кроме того, любые ожидания прибыли от токенов не зависят от управленческих или предпринимательских усилий эмитента.

Поэтому лицам, участвующим в предложении и продаже мемкоинов, можно не регистрироваться в ведомстве. Однако регулятор предупредил: владельцы мемкоинов должны осознавать, что их права не защищены федеральными законами о ценных бумагах. За мошенничество с мемкоинами предусмотрено судебное преследование.

Несколько дней назад SEC официально закрыла расследование в отношении платформы OpenSea, на которой выпускаются и торгуются невзаимозаменяемые токены (NFT). Ранее ведомство заподозрило OpenSea в нарушении законов о ценных бумагах.

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