高FDV代币:高FDV狂热的背后是什么 如何避免

比推Опубліковано о 2024-09-13Востаннє оновлено о 2024-09-13

作者:0xLouisT,L1D投资合伙人;翻译:金色财经xiaozou

在希腊神话中,伊卡洛斯和他的父亲代达罗斯为逃离米诺斯国王的迷宫,用羽毛和蜜蜡做成翅膀。代达罗斯警告他的儿子:“飞得太低,大海会浸湿你的翅膀;飞得太高,太阳的灼热会把它们无情地融化。”

但伊卡洛斯陶醉在飞行的刺激中,飞得越来越高,把父亲的忠告抛诸脑后。太阳的灼热融化了他翅膀上的蜜蜡,伊卡洛斯坠入了大海。这个故事的寓意是:过度的傲慢往往会导致一个人的垮台

在当前的经济周期中,我看到了很多事与伊卡洛斯的故事惊人地相似。就像伊卡洛斯沉浸在飞行的快感中一样,许多加密项目也受到了天价估值的诱惑。在这两种情况下,主角都在不可持续的承诺和夸大的估值的推动下,导演了自己的垮台。

1、为什么会出现FDV狂热?

这种低流通量高FDV狂热的背后是什么?发挥作用的有几个因素:

* 锚定偏差:这种认知偏差影响着基于初始参考点的决策。如果创始人认为他们的项目价值10亿美元,他们可能会以100亿美元的FDV启动,牢牢占据市场的思想份额。即使代币下跌90%,也会回到创始人认为的公允价值。

* VC估值:这是另一个不同的话题,但2021/2022年的风投资金供过于求导致了私募估值虚高。风投对每一轮的出资都一贯过高,而公开市场对如此高的估值是没有兴趣的。由于没有项目愿意以低于上一轮私募的估值实施TGE(代币发行事件),他们只能想方设法以更高的估值启动。

* 激励和资金:账面上100亿美元的FDV增加了项目的资金,使其能够通过分发代币吸引顶级人才,提供生态系统捐款,并建立合作伙伴关系,从而以可观的账面价值推动增长。

* 供应分配:ICO及SEC打击之后,向社区分发代币变得更具挑战性。空投和社区激励往往不能在发行时分配有意义的规模供应。这仍然是行业面临的主要障碍。

* OTC(场外销售)和对冲:高发行价有利于通过打折的场外销售套现或使用永续合约对冲头寸(尽管很难成规模)。

* 对成功的看法:这就是我们的思维方式。较高的估值创造了一种成功的幻觉。人们被看似成功的冒险所吸引,每个人都想从中分一杯羹。

2、怎么可能?

如果你创建的代币A的供应量为10亿,并将其与Uniswap池中的1 USDC配对,那么从技术角度讲代币A的价值为1美元,FDV则为10亿美元。这种估值完全是人为的,代币的实际价值仍然被忽略不计。

对于高FDV代币,也适用同样的原理,实际流通供应只是总供应量的一小部分。在最初的空投抛压消退后,大部分供应由做市商和鲸鱼持有,他们有能力影响代币价格。因此,一个十亿美元的FDV只需要几千万美元就可实现。

3、高FDV狂热的问题

这种高FDV狂热造成了TGE流动性买家和私募投资者之间成本基础和供应分配的严重失衡(见下图)。这种过度的不平衡加剧了这些群体之间持续的紧张关系,直到

出现均值回归。

TGE买家在购买后马上就会遭遇underwater,价格大跌,而VC们也会在投资后迅速出售。社区买家一旦明白了这种模式,就会停止购买,这也解释了最近人们对新的山寨币完全没兴趣的原因。

更健康的情况应该是社区和VC价格之间的不平衡缩小,允许真正的价格发现(如下)。

在有效市场中,价格发现是不可避免的。虽然你可以在短期内人为地影响价格,但你只是推迟了不可避免地回归真实价格的时间。然而,市场是路径依赖式的,所以在达到真正的价格之前的长期下行趋势比直接从均衡开始的下行要痛苦得多。

4、必然结果

伊卡洛斯神话中的一个重要细节是告诫不要飞得太低。正如伊卡洛斯被父亲告诫说飞得太低可能会浸湿翅膀一样,以过低的估值发行代币可能会扼杀增长潜力。这可能会吓退合作伙伴,难以留住人才,从而影响整体的成功。等到项目足够成熟后再发行代币,与避免高FDV的情况同样重要。

5、结论

* FDV不是meme避免以高FDV发行代币。就像伊卡洛斯一样,试图用虚高的估值参与游戏,从长远来看可能会适得其反。对于流动性投资者来说,高FDV代币是一个危险信号——他们通常都会避免甚至做空通胀资产。

* 明智筹资:只在必要时筹资,并要与你的发展战略保持一致。选择你想要合作的VC,而不仅仅只盯着最高估值。避免承接受不可持续估值的压力。

* 不要过早发行代币:避免仅仅基于私募市场的高FDV而发行代币。在发行代币之前,请确保你有明确的牵引力和产品市场契合度。。

* 代币分发:这是另一个话题,但为了有效的价格发现,在发行代币时应最大化流通供应。目标是至少占总供应量的20%到50%,而不是仅仅是5%。然而,目前的监管环境可能会使这一目标难以实现。

* 与流动资金合作:流动资金是老练的参与者,他们将在TGE后为你的项目承担风险,因此,他们在价格发现中扮演着至关重要的角色,而并非风投。

说明: 比推所有文章只代表作者观点,不构成投资建议

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