经济衰退恐慌引发血洗:加密市场为何暴跌?

币界网Опубліковано о 2024-08-05Востаннє оновлено о 2024-08-05

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作者:Stacy Muur 来源:substack 翻译:善欧巴,

上一次我们看到加密货币市值出现类似的下跌是在 7 月初,当时德国开始抛售 BTC。这一次,催化剂来自 Web2,特别是股票市场。

股市、利率和失业率

首先,让我们解释一些对全球经济至关重要的基本因素,这些因素直接影响股市和加密货币市场。

利率下调: 当利率下降时,公司可以以更低的成本借入资金,并更有效地再投资其收入。这被视为股市的积极信号,因为经济环境变得更加有利。

现在,让我们深入了解目前的戏剧性事件。

7月31日:杰罗姆·鲍威尔宣布,如果美国经济按照预期发展,利率可能会在9月降息。这一潜在的降息已经被纳入股价,成为推动过去几个月股市增长的明显利好催化剂。

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8月2日:劳工部发布就业报告,显示美国7月失业率跃升至4.3%,接近三年来最高水平。 这一增长增加了立即降息的可能性——越早越好——但也对美国经济投下了不同的阴影:失业率的增长高于预期。

Szk61TPHi8oHB2c3nuShh2POjcFebGt0DiwJsbIa.png

6 月份,美国央行决策者预计今年仅会降息一次,并预计年底失业率将达到 4%。然而,鉴于目前的情况,降息多次是有可能的。

你可能会争辩说:“降息是好事——这正是你所说的。

是的,但失业率是更关键的潜在利空催化剂。7 月份失业率的上升引发了所谓的萨姆规则,这是历史上准确的经济衰退早期指标。

OulyUT1MgLdggknnILEjI2e2KOkFa4hjPSZw7AZ9.png

接下来发生了什么?一连串的恐慌性抛售。

细节决定成败

正如媒体头条通常所表现的那样,报道的焦点(往往是夸张的)首先出现,更多的背景信息在接近结尾处才揭晓,但结尾处的阅读率最低。

首先,请注意飓风贝丽尔。家庭调查显示,上个月有 436,000 人报告称他们因恶劣天气而无法工作,这是 7 月份的最高纪录。此外,还有 249,000 人暂时被解雇。

YgJXQOF7WERLKekdAsPm7zpARDy6H1bDiLdxu7es.png

其次,考虑移民问题。上个月,约有 42 万人进入劳动力市场,而家庭就业岗位仅增加了 6.7 万个。出于经济原因从事兼职工作的人数增加了 34.6 万人,达到 460 万人。然而,永久性失业和长期失业人数几乎没有变化。

曾在美联储工作的经济学家、萨姆规则的创始人克劳迪娅·萨姆 (Claudia Sahm) 警告称,不要从她的规则中获取过于强烈的信号。

长话短说,对经济衰退的担忧可能被夸大了——但弱点确实存在,需要加以解决。

日本加息

全球重新定价的第二个催化剂是日本央行将利率目标上调至0.25%——这是自2008年以来的最高水平。

Nyjc4WJFdNMO8eUYC9e2eWzox6xSsaV11o0C9u2o.png

在负利率时期,许多日本投资者以低利率借入日元购买高收益的美国国债,这种做法通常被称为“套利交易”。然而,随着日本央行提高利率,这种交易变得不那么有效,一些投资者可能会把这些钱带回国内。

恐慌是毒药

无论原因如何,下一份就业报告和联邦公开市场委员会关于降息的进一步行动将在市场定价中发挥根本性作用。

  • 该消息一经发布,股市立即做出反应。

  • 美元兑一篮子货币汇率跌至四个月来的最低点。

  • 美国国债价格上涨,基准10年期国债收益率跌至12月以来的最低水平。

  • 芝加哥期权交易所波动率指数升至4月份以来的最高水平。

  • 日本日经指数也下跌近5%,创下2022年以来的最大单日跌幅。

自然,这场动荡影响了加密货币市场,导致了一系列的长期清算。

来源:CoinGlass 总清算图表

下一步是什么?

周一波动预期

与股票不同,加密货币是 24/7 全天候交易的。在我看来,股市很可能会在周一继续下跌,这将拖累加密货币市场走低。下周的公告将在抑制恐慌方面发挥根本作用,但不会产生立竿见影的效果。

进一步的行动

另一个不容忽视的催化剂是美国大选。美国将努力保持经济的吸引力,因此中期股市波动可能会受到抑制。

加密货币市场

当谈到加密货币的进一步走势时,我倾向于同意Revelo Intel 的预期,而不是对 ? 如此普遍的看涨论点。希望并不是最好的投资策略。

  • 新的高 FDV 代币(例如 Monad、Berachain、Scroll 以及可能的 Linea)将进入市场,稀释投资组合中其他代币的流动性和交易量。

  • 考虑到对经济衰退的担忧以及美国大选后预计将出现的现实情况,减半后的牵引力预期可能过于乐观。

  • 围绕加密货币的社会情绪也不乐观(我将在下周晚些时候发布深入分析)。普通人没有理由在未来几个月内急于购买比特币。

换句话说,我个人预计8 月和 9 月市场将持平。比特币可能会保持在 60,000 美元至 65,000 美元区间,而以太坊则接近 3,000 美元。然而,这种情况随时可能发生变化,我是根据目前掌握的事实得出结论的。

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