Cycle capital:门头沟还款抛压分析

Odaily星球日报Опубліковано о 2024-07-13Востаннє оновлено о 2024-07-13

Анотація

目前门头沟的代币真正转入交易所的只有1545枚代币,其余代币还在门头沟的账户中,可以认为实际抛压尚未进入市场。当门头沟所持有的BTC大规模分发到几个交易所地址的时候,可能会引起较大的恐慌下跌,从而形成暴跌插针。

原文作者:Cycle capital, duoduo

Cycle capital:门头沟还款抛压分析

门头沟破产案

MtGox 成立于 2010 年 7 月,是一家日本交易所,币圈最早最大的交易所,交易量占比一度超过 80% 。2013 年,门头沟被盗 85 万比特币,交易所因此破产,后续陆续找回大约 20 万枚代币。自 2014 年开始,针对这 20 万币,投资者和法院指定受托人开展了冗长的赔偿诉讼。有大约 6 万枚 BTC 作为各类费用支付,剩余约 14 万枚的 BTC。

债权交易

事件发生后,在等待结果的漫长时间里,一直有机构在收购门头沟的债权,同时,个人间的债权交易也普遍存在。如 2019 年,Fortress Investment Group 曾广泛向债权人发出询价邮件,按照 900 美元的价格收购 BTC,这是门头沟破产时比特币价格的两倍。债权交易的价格会随着市场行情有所波动,原始债权人如果担心无法得到偿还,是可以通过出售债权来取回部分本金的。

赔付方案

2021 年,门头沟通过赔付方案,债权人可以取回交易所剩余价值。

根据赔偿方案,由于被盗资产已经无法追回,门头沟交易所只能赔付债权人原始债权大约 23.6% 的资产。如果债权人选择接受提前一次性赔偿,则存在折价,赔偿率仅为 21% ;若不接受,债权人可能还要等待漫长时间,最终获得的赔偿可能会更多,也可能更少。目前,未能找到提前一次性赔偿的债权人比例。

赔偿资产的构成,分为两个部分,一部分是现金,来自日本政府在 2017 年高点期间售出的 BTC 所得,一部分是 BTC。现金为 5% -10% ,BTC 为 95% -90% ,具体比例可以选择。可见, 90% 以上赔付的是 BTC。

关于索赔时间(也是 BTC 进入市场的时间),可能需要两到三个月的时间。一共有 5 家交易所将接受门头沟用于还款的 BTC,再分发到债权人账户中。每家交易所的时间表有所差异。Kraken 需要 90 天,Bitstamp 需要 60 天,BitGo 20 天,SBI VC Trade 和 Bitbank 都将在 14 天内完成付款。这个时间是最长时间,有可能会提前。

另外,提前一次性赔偿的截止日期为 2024 年 10 月 31 日。除非经过法院批准,该时间不会进行修改。

当前进展

2024 年 5 月份,门头沟冷钱包的 BTC 自 2018 年之后首次移动,引发市场恐慌。2024 年 7 月 5 日,门头沟账户地址有 4.7 万枚的代币进行移动,其中 1545 枚 BTC 转入了 bitbank,开始进行赔付。当日叠加德国政府抛售 BTC,单日最大跌幅超过 8% 。

截至 7 月 12 日, 13.8 万枚 BTC 仍然在门头沟的账户地址内,可以认为门头沟的抛压还没有实际进入市场。7 月 5 日的跌幅属于门头沟抛压下跌预期的部分兑现。

Cycle capital:门头沟还款抛压分析

图:门头沟账户余额

Cycle capital:门头沟还款抛压分析

图:门头沟账户近期转账记录

抛压分析

门头沟债权人会售出一部分 BTC,但应该不会售出全部。

从盈利情况来看,按照成本计算,门头沟破产时,BTC 价格为 485 美元。如果是原始债权人,按照当前价格计算,BTC 涨幅 120 倍;门头沟赔付的 BTC 数量大约是原始持有数量的 20% , 因此利润约为 24 倍左右。即使是债权收购,也有 10 倍以上的收益,此外债权收购机构可能持有更多的 BTC,其长期看好 BTC,也不会全部卖出。

从持有者来看,在漫长的诉讼过程中,广泛存在的债权交易市场,给了纸手债权人充分的退出机会。愿意买入债权的人,更多的应该是 BTC 长期持有者。

假设接受提前一次性偿还的占比为 75% ,则偿还的 BTC 总数为 105750 个,折价为 11% ,实际用于偿还的 BTC 为 94117 个;并假设了 30% 、 50% 、 70% 的抛售比例,以及 1 至 3 个月的抛售时间,可以计算不同情况下 BTC 的抛售数量。如下表所示:

Cycle capital:门头沟还款抛压分析

这样的供应量对市场的影响有多大呢?可以参考近期德国政府造成的 BTC 供应量,以及该时间段内 BTC ETF 的需求情况来进一步分析。

对比德国政府抛售 BTC 的市场影响

德国政府自 6 月 19 日开始,通过中心化交易所陆续出售其持有的 5 万枚 BTC。截至 7 月 12 日,其地址中剩余 6394 枚 BTC,也就是在 23 天的时间中售出了大约 4.37 万枚 BTC,按照 5.5 万美元计算,价值大约为 24 亿美元。

在该期间,日线插针最大跌幅约为 19% (从 66400 下跌至 53500),日线实体柱跌幅约为 14% (从 64800 下跌至 55900)。最大单日跌幅出现在 7 月 5 日,该日内门头沟转移代币 4.7 万枚(其中只有 1500 枚进入了交易所),双重压力叠加之下,在 7 月 5 日 BTC 插针到 53.5 K,单日跌幅 8.5% ,是本轮下跌的最低点。7 月 6 日之后,BTC 出现反弹,最高到达 59500 附近。

结合德国政府代币转移的情况,可以清晰地看到,市场对于代币出售的下跌预期要抢先于代币的实际出售时间。当德国政府开始小额持续转出 BTC 时,市场在持续下跌。6 月 19 日至 7 月 7 日一共 18 天的时间,德国政府卖出了大约 1 万枚 BTC,日均卖出代币 556 枚。7 月 5 日,德国政府+门头沟双重压力插针后,德国政府的实际抛压变大,但市场的承接能力也在加强。7 月 8 日德国政府出售了将近 1.3 万枚的 BTC,市场插针不破前低,并出现了日线收线上涨。7 月 8 日至 7 月 12 日,德国政府流出了大约 3.37 万枚代币,BTC 一直在 54 K 至 60 K 的箱体间做震荡整理。

Cycle capital:门头沟还款抛压分析

图:德国政府所持 BTC 流出示意图(截至 7 月 11 日)

BTC ETF 需求分析

BTC ETF 是当前市场中相对较为稳定的买盘。在本次德国政府抛售代币期间内,从 6 月 19 日至 7 月 10 日,共有 15 个工作日。该 15 日内,ETF 共有 6 日净卖出,卖出 4.7 亿美元;有 9 日净买入,买入 10.7 亿美元,期间净流入为 6 亿,日平均值为 4300 万美元。主要的买入发生在 7 月 5 日之后,合计超过 8 亿美元的买盘。

根据上文可知,德国政府在此期间一共向市场抛售了 4 万枚代币,大约 24 亿美元。因此,BTC ETF 的需求不足以提供足够的承接力量,市场价格出现下跌。

Cycle capital:门头沟还款抛压分析

表:BTC ETF 单日净流入(6 月 20 日至 7 月 10 日)

结论

如果门头沟的赔偿在一个月内售完,市场面临的抛压和德国政府的抛售有较高的相似性,抛售的数量、抛售的时间相当。按照目前 ETF 的需求,不能提供足够的承接力度,BTC 的价格还可能进一步下跌。

如果门头沟的赔偿持续的时间更长(2 – 3 个月),每日进入市场的 BTC 数量不会特别大,不会造成一次性的下跌。但是,由于持续存在抛压预期,可能会有一段时间的震荡,通过震荡来消化卖盘。这也意味着,短期内难以有主升浪的到来。

目前门头沟的代币真正转入交易所的只有 1545 枚代币,其余代币还在门头沟的账户中,可以认为实际抛压尚未进入市场。当门头沟所持有的 BTC 大规模分发到几个交易所地址的时候,可能会引起较大的恐慌下跌,从而形成暴跌插针。具体个人出售时,由于分散以及难以跟踪和观察,反而不一定会引起价格的显著下降。

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