复盘Web3 Grants 2023年捐赠轮次后,我们发现了哪些有意思的项目?

Odaily星球日报Опубліковано о 2024-01-24Востаннє оновлено о 2024-01-24

Анотація

本文选取了最具代表性的4个Grants,试图从其2023年捐赠的项目和研究中找到「隐藏的宝石」。

Web3 Grant 可以理解为协议拿出其收入或原生代币的一部分,用于激励对整个 Web3 生态或某个具体生态有益的协议、项目或研究。对于项目而言,Grant 不仅提供了经济支持,还意味着背书和多样化支持;对于大型协议而言,Grant 则有助于留住开发者,从而促进整个生态系统的发展。

本文选取了最具代表性的 4 个 Grants,分别为以太坊基金会生态系统支持计划(ESP)、Gitcoin Grants、Optimism RPGF 以及 Uniswap Foundation Grants,试图从其 2023 年捐赠的项目和研究中找到「隐藏的宝石」。

复盘Web3 Grants 2023年捐赠轮次后,我们发现了哪些有意思的项目?

以太坊基金会生态系统支持计划(ESP)

以太坊基金会生态系统支持计划(Ecosystem Support Program, ESP)是以太坊基金会的分支机构,专注于为整个以太坊生态系统的团队提供财务和非财务支持。

2015 年 4 月,以太坊基金会推出 DEVgrants,旨在为以太坊核心软件的关键组件、其开发流程或生态系统的关键部分(公共服务、API、ABI)提供价值(注:公开资料显示,DEVgrants 仅公布了首批捐赠项目,后续再无更新);2018 年 3 月,以太坊基金会推出 Ethereum Foundation Grants,旨在扩大对在可扩展性、实用性和安全性方面表现出色的项目的支持;2019 年 11 月,以太坊基金会推出全新的生态系统支持计划(ESP),从专注开发者生态的 DEVgrants,到以可扩展性为重点的资助,转向为对构建工具、基础设施、研究和公共产品的通用支持。

复盘Web3 Grants 2023年捐赠轮次后,我们发现了哪些有意思的项目?

ESP 2023 年资助轮次:

第一季度:63 个项目, 12910616.53 美元)

第二季度:56 个项目, 9218158.34 美元)

第三季度:98 个项目, 8945982.74 美元)

第四季度:暂未披露

Spotlight:获得超两次资助的项目

从捐赠的项目数量上,「社区&教育」类项目是数量最多的类别,这符合以太坊整体技术较成熟、专注生态的发展阶段。其次是对「密码学&零知识证明」的重点关注,该类别的项目数量位列第二,且有多个长期获得 ESP 资助的项目与研究。

以下为 2023 年获得至少两次/笔 ESP 资助的项目和个人:

复盘Web3 Grants 2023年捐赠轮次后,我们发现了哪些有意思的项目?

Gitcoin Grants

Gitcoin 于 2017 年成立,成立之初的目标是支持开源项目的开发并通过赏金计划将开源软件货币化。2018 年,Gitcoin 创始人之一 Vitalik 发布关于二次融资(Quadratic Funding)的论文,即捐助者的数量越多,项目获得的资金池捐赠越多。Gitcoin 于 2019 年启动 Gitcoin Grants,并成为首个实现二次融资的项目。Gitcoin Grants 自 2019 年至 2022 年为公共物品筹集的金额分别为 70 万美元、 280 万美元、 1320 万美元、 2140 万美元。

复盘Web3 Grants 2023年捐赠轮次后,我们发现了哪些有意思的项目?

Gitcoin Program Alpha Round 和 Gitcoin Program Beta Round 是 Gitcoin 用于测试其基于去中心化且可定制的捐赠解决方案 Allo 协议构建的 Gitcoin Grants Stack 两轮测试轮,Gitcoin Grant 18 和 Gitcoin Grant 19 为 2023 年常规融资轮次,其中部分轮次在 Public Goods Network 进行。Gitcoin Grant 主要关注方向为 Web3 开源软件、以太坊基础设施、气候解决方案以及 Web3 社区和教育。

Gitcoin 2023 年资助轮次:

Gitcoin Grant 19 :471 个项目, 109 万美元

Gitcoin Grant 18 :480 个项目, 168 万美元

Gitcoin Program Beta Round:468 个项目, 185.7 万美元

Gitcoin Program Alpha Round:150 个项目, 166.7 万美元

Spotlight:Public Goods Network

Public Goods Network(PGN)由 Gitcoin 牵头推出,致力于为公共产品创造持久和经常性资金的 L2。PGN 建立在 Optimism 的 OP Stack 上,计划将绝大多数排序器费用用于公共产品项目。这意味着 PGN 无需依赖外部捐赠,而是依靠网络中用户交互的内生费用自给自足。

复盘Web3 Grants 2023年捐赠轮次后,我们发现了哪些有意思的项目?

值得关注的是,PGN 计划未来启用合约共享收入(CSR),以满足开发者对可持续收入来源的需求。合约共享收入(CSR)协议 EIP-6969 由 Slingshot CTO zkCole 提出,旨在在协议层纳入对开发者的经济激励机制。EIP-6969  提出了一个基于 EVM 的 L2 的新 Gas 费分配机制,允许将一部分 Gas 费用作为对合约开发者的奖励。一旦未来 EIP-6969 被纳入以太坊升级,PGN 可能凭借规模效应获得长足发展。

PNG 主网于 2023 年 7 月上线,L 2B EAT 数据显示,PNG 网络当前 TVL 157 万美元,总地址数 4200 个,仍处于非常早期的发展阶段。根据 PNG 官方规划,主网上线运行 6 个月后,将根据累积数据评估和分配费用。期待更多数据和分配规则的披露。

Optimism RPGF

追溯公共物品资助(Retroactive Public Goods Funding,简称 RetroPGF 或 RPGF)是一个鼓励与 Optimism 相关的项目资助计划。RPGF 通过协议产生的收入(从排序器中获得的利润)、追溯公共物品资金和结果预言机(Results Oracle),为公共物品项目创建一个初创公司形式的融资周期。RPGF 的核心是 Vitalik 提出的回溯性观点,即:更容易就什么东西已经是(was)有用的,而非将会是(will be)有用的达成一致。

复盘Web3 Grants 2023年捐赠轮次后,我们发现了哪些有意思的项目?

RPGF 2023 年资助轮次: 

RetroPGF Round 2 (第一季度):195 个项目, 1000 万个 OP 代币

RetroPGF Round 3 (第三季度):501 个项目, 3000 万个 OP 代币

Spotlight:Protocol Guild

作为在 RetroPGF 2 和 RetroPGF 3 中获得最多捐赠(共计获得超过 122 万 OP)的 Protocol Guild 开始于 2022 年。Protocol Guild 是一个以太坊贡献者集体,致力于增强管理核心协议的激励措施。Protocol Guild 通过维护其会员的链上注册表,使生态系统赞助商可以直接资助会员、支持其工作和公共利益。

Protocol Guild 成立初衷是希望试点一种新的捐赠机制,来达到将所有协议贡献者聚集到一个融资机制中并保持持续更新的目的。具体到执行层面,Protocol Guild 的大额捐赠将在一年内释放给成员,而小额/定期捐赠则可以由成员随时提取。每个会员可提取的权重基于其对生态的贡献时间来计算。

截至 2024 年 15 日,Protocol Guild 成员共有 161 名,共计获得捐赠超 2077 万美元。Protocol Guild 原计划于 2022 年 5 月至 2023 年 5 月进行为期年的试点,官方网站在 2022 年 12 月进行了一次中期更新后就鲜有更新。

复盘Web3 Grants 2023年捐赠轮次后,我们发现了哪些有意思的项目?

不可否认 Protocol Guild 提供了一种链上激励分配的尝试(主要在合约层面),而没有解决一个根本的问题:如何评估贡献的价值?Protocol Guild 采用了简单粗暴的时间因子,但实际上成员之间并没有多大差别,颇有点分大锅饭的意思。这也为后续的评估带来难度,即经济激励真的促进了成员的贡献吗?最后,Protocol Guild 成员目前还仅限于以太坊开发者组织及头部生态项目,未来能否扩大到更多人群,如独立开发者也是值得思考的问题。

Uniswap Foundation Grants

Uniswap Grants Program(UGP)于 2020 年 12 月通过治理投票后启动,拨款 150 万美元 UNI ,持续 6 个月。UGP 最初的优先事项范围较窄,仅为 MVP,旨在为开发者生态系统提供种子支持,后来发展为支持治理研究、社区建设和教育以及核心协议工作。受加密市场牛市影响,UGP 持续了 18 个月,共分发赠款 700 万美元。2022 年 8 月,Uniswap Foundation(UF)成立,UGP 演变为 Uniswap Foundation Grants(UFG),预算扩大至 6000 万美元,持续 3 年。

复盘Web3 Grants 2023年捐赠轮次后,我们发现了哪些有意思的项目?

Uniswap Foundation Grants 作为典型的生态基金,主要围绕 Uniswap 生态发展建立。 Uniswap Foundation Grants Wave 3 主要关注以下四个类别: 1.协议增长,包括增强 Uniswap v3 SDK 和 LP 工具包的捐赠;2.研究与开发,包括无检查点 TWAP 预言机和跨链 MEV 市场结构动态的研究;3.社区发展,包括支持行业内围绕公共产品的分析以及与 FWB 共同主办的现场活动;4.治理管理,包括对新型治理结构的研究和对治理信息桥的评估。

Uniswap Foundation Grants 轮次:

Uniswap Foundation Grants Wave 3 (2023 年 6 月):21 个项目, 99 万美元

Spotlight:Uniswap 基金会关注的 3 个项目

Uniswap 基金会特别强调了 3 项资助:「无检查点」TWAP 预言机、Uniswap v3 SDK Rewrite 和 LP University:Uniswap v3 初级到中级课程。 

Axiom「无检查点」Uniswap v2 和 v3 TWAP 预言机的研究和原型生产:对这种形式的预言机的研究和开发有可能降低预言机操作的风险,并在依赖预言机的 DeFi 应用程序中提高基于链上无需信任的预言机的使用。概念验证消除了 v2 TWAP 中检查点的需要和 v3 预言机的缓存开销。Axiom 团队在零知识系统和区块链基础设施方面拥有广泛的专业知识。

Koray 和 Florian 的 Uniswap v3 SDK Rewrite:这将支持对 Uniswap v3 SDK 的更新和改进,包括对 JavaScript SDK 文档的更新、对现有 v3 SDK 代码的更新,以使架构设计更现代、更高效,以及添加新的测试套件等。该团队拥有丰富的技术经验,包括创建 web3.swift(iOS 上使用最广泛的加密开发工具之一)和复兴 web3.js。

DoDao 创建的 LP University:这将成为那些想学习 LP 但又不知从何学起的人的绝佳资源。这笔赠款将用于为潜在的新流动性提供者提供从初级到中级的互动教育体验。课程将涵盖 AMM 介绍、Uniswap v3 基础知识、主动和被动 LP 策略等内容。DoDao 团队在创建加密生态系统教育内容方面拥有丰富的经验。

下一步做什么

本文回顾了 2023 年主流基金会的捐赠情况及值得关注的项目,在新一年我们也会持续关注和参与各大基金会以及公共物品相关的研究和讨论,包括但不限于:

公共物品的定义:针对被捐赠项目的公共物品的属性的争论,如围绕 Alchemy 等财务稳定的公司是否应该纳入 RPGF 资助的讨论等;

透明度:包括整个捐赠流程的透明度、基金会财务情况、受捐赠项目资金使用情况等的披露;

激励评估:如何正确激励不同规模/类型的项目、如何评估激励结果等;

新的研究:关于公共物品话题的动态研究。

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