Grayscale:数据解读ETH今年「表现不佳」的原因

Odaily星球日报Опубліковано о 2023-12-22Востаннє оновлено о 2023-12-22

Анотація

尽管ETH今年上涨约80%,优于传统资产,但仍落后于比特币和其他公链代币。

原文作者:Zach Pandl, Grayscale

原文编译:Felix, PANews

要点:

  • ETH 在 2023 年的涨幅尚佳,但仍逊于比特币以及其他某些公链。灰度认为这可归因于比特币今年特有的积极因素,以及以太坊链上活动复苏缓慢。

  • 尽管 ETH 涨幅不及比特币,但 ETH 今年在绝对值和经风险调整后的表现依然优于传统资产。以太坊不断增长的L2生态系统可能会吸引新用户,并支持该代币在 2024 年的估值。

很少有人说一项资产上涨 82% “表现不佳”,但这就是 2023 年 ETH 所面临的情况。第二大加密资产今年的涨幅尚佳(价格波动相对较低),但仍远低于 BTC,后者今年的涨幅有望达到 162% 。ETH/BTC 比率全年下降,达 2021 年年中以来的最低水平(图 1)。Grayscale Research 认为,ETH 在 2023 年表现“不佳”有以下原因。

图表 1 : 2023 年 ETH/BTC 比率呈下降趋势

Grayscale:数据解读ETH今年「表现不佳」的原因

首先, 2023 年有几个比特币特有的积极因素,包括潜在的比特币现货 ETF 取得实质性进展,以及美国地区银行的不稳定,突显了比特币替代传统货币体系的作用。这些事件似乎推动了 2023 年以比特币为重点的加密投资产品的资金流入,让比特币今年的涨幅更高。例如,Grayscale Research 估计, 2023 年以比特币为重点的交易所交易产品 (ETP),包括美国的期货产品和海外的现货产品,净流入额约为 20 亿美元。相比之下,同期以 ETH 为重点的 ETP 的净流入额仅为 2400 万美元(图 2)。

图表 2 :比特币特有的积极因素似乎推动了更多的 ETP 资金流入

Grayscale:数据解读ETH今年「表现不佳」的原因

其次,今年大多数智能合约平台代币的涨幅都低于比特币,ETH 在很大程度上与此保持一致。如图表 3 所示,富时灰度智能合约平台加密行业指数在 2023 年上涨了约 94% ,仅略高于 ETH。在截至 10 月的这一年中,ETH 的表现优于其他代币,但其他代币最近也有所赶超(表现突出的是 AVAX 和 SOL)。今年全年,ETH 在智能合约平台加密行业指数的 40 个代币中的表现接近中游。

图表 3 :以太坊的表现与智能合约平台加密行业指数相一致

Grayscale:数据解读ETH今年「表现不佳」的原因

第三,与其他公链相比,以太坊主网的链上活动(在某些类别中)的恢复速度较慢。例如,自本季度开始以来,Solana 生态 NFT 交易量比以太坊生态 NFT 交易量增长得更快。由于 Ordinals 的兴起,比特币上的数字藏品交易也大幅增长(图 4);在 12 月下旬,由于大量 Ordinals 交易,比特币网络单日交易费用甚至超过以太坊。尽管 Grayscale Research 认为以太坊的 NFT 生态仍然具有建设性,但 Solana 和比特币网络最近在这一领域的链上活动占据了多数市场份额。

图表 4 :比特币和 Solana 链上的 NFT 活动不断增加

Grayscale:数据解读ETH今年「表现不佳」的原因

从更广的范围来看,尽管 ETH 今年落后于比特币和其他某些加密资产,但从绝对值和经风险调整后的收益来看,ETH 的表现明显优于传统资产(表 5)。因此,尽管 ETH 的价格今年“仅”上涨了 82% ,但这种上涨应被视为加密市场不断复苏的证据。

图表 5 :经风险调整后的以太坊收益优于传统资产

Grayscale:数据解读ETH今年「表现不佳」的原因

尽管其他区块链在 2023 年备受关注,但以太坊的未来看起来依然光明。最重要的是,以太坊历来受益于行业最深的网络效应,拥有最去中心化的应用程序(DApps),最多的开发人员和最高的收入。以太坊正在追求一种“模块化”的开发方法,其中 Layer 2 区块链的生态将建立在 Layer 1 链上,以允许活动扩展。这项工作仍在进行中,明年应该会通过 EIP-4844 升级,使 Layer 2 扩展解决方案在以太坊上确认交易的成本降低 10-100 倍。这将有助于降低以太坊 Layer 2 用户的成本。

如果以太坊能够为其不断增长的 Layer 2 生态吸引新用户,可能会在 2024 年重回加密舞台的中心。因此,智能合约平台赛道可能会面临最激烈的竞争。

像 Solana 这样低成本的“单片”区块链可以为新用户提供“丝滑”的体验,特别是与钱包和其他生态 dApp 相结合。相比之下,以太坊的模块化环境使用起来可能更繁琐,因为用户需要在主网和L2s之间主动桥接资产。然而,这些网络的发展仍处于早期阶段,至于哪些区块链能设计出最适合的产品/市场,并随着时间的推移为其原生代币积累最大的价值,还有待观察。一旦终端用户与应用程序完成交互,那么当前以太坊用户体验的弊端应该就不那么严重了,而以太坊的其他功能,如可信的去中心化,可能会吸引开发人员并最终支持代币估值。对于不确定智能合约平台之间的竞争将如何发展的投资者来说,多元化地投资可能更值得探索。

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