周涨幅近3倍，解读GAS代币与公链NEO底层机制

Odaily星球日报Опубліковано о 2023-11-04Востаннє оновлено о 2023-11-04

Анотація

短期疯涨只是镜花水月，生态繁荣才是维持上涨的原动力。

原创 | Odaily星球日报

作者 | 夫如何

编辑 | 秦晓峰

周涨幅近3倍，解读GAS代币与公链NEO底层机制

近期，GAS 代币的疯狂上涨引起了加密社区广泛讨论。

过去一周，GAS 代币价格从 2.3 USDT 一度飙升至最高 8.8 USDT，目前暂报 8.3 USDT，最高涨幅近 3 倍。虽然 BTC 在近两日迎来小幅度的回调，GAS 却走出了独立行情，稳步向上。

说起 GAS 代币，绕不开其背后的公链——Neo。Neo 公链在 2014 年由达鸿飞和张铮文共同创立，早期称为小蚁，后在 2017 年更名为 Neo，一直发展至今，曾被誉为“中国以太坊”。

在当时智能合约盛行的年代，Neo 凭借独特的双代币机制，受到行业追捧。虽然在 2021 年进行 Neo N3迁移后，新的治理机制有效的为公链提升了新的活力，但自身生态的发展依旧比较缓慢。

短期的上涨只是表象，生态繁荣程度才是公链的护城河。GAS 代币近期疯涨，与 Neo 公链的底层机制以及近期动作频频密切相关。Odaily星球日报将从这两方面着手，探究 GAS 代币上涨的背后逻辑。

一、Neo N3机制，为治理注入活力

Neo 公链的一个显著特性是双代币经济机制：

● NEO 代币作为治理代币，总量 1 亿枚， 50% 分配早期投资者， 50% 作为 Neo 公链发展资金。NEO 代币作为治理投票时，NEO 代币最小单位为 1 。NEO 持有者可以参与 Neo 网络管理，包括共识节点投票、网络参数修改等。

● GAS 作为燃料代币，负责公链的运行。总量无限制，但有销毁机制。目前流通量约为 1012 万枚，每个区块产出 5 枚 GAS 代币。

早期 GAS 代币的分配方案比较单一，即 NEO 持有者在特定条件下平均分配区块产出的 GAS 代币（特定条件：转账 NEO、投票）。

乍一听，这样的分配方案很去中心化，但这种分配方式极易造成 NEO 代币持有者的治理懈怠，Neo 的治理机制并不会存在“向上“的激励性。换句话说，我只要参与就获得 GAS 代币，治理过程可能并不重要。

Neo 团队也是为了解决这一困境，于 2021 年进行迭代，从 Neo Legacy 阶段迁移到 Neo N3。

Neo N3治理模式由候选人、委员会成员和共识节点组成。其中，委员会负责主网参数调整和链上环境维护；共识节点负责打包交易并生成区块。委员会成员和共识节点从一定数量的得票最多的候选人中选出。根据下图看新的治理机制。

周涨幅近3倍，解读GAS代币与公链NEO底层机制

NEO 代币作用不变，和 Neo Legacy 阶段一样。GAS 代币分配规则进行细分，根据不同职能进行 GAS 代币激励：

● NEO 持有者 10% 。与 Neo Legacy 类似，这部分 GAS 代币不是自愿分配给 NEO 持有者的。它根据 NEO 持有期间计算，并根据 NEO 持有者完成转账或投票后分配到 NEO 持有者的钱包中。

● 委员会和共识节点 10% 。用于奖励 21 位委员会成员，以表彰他们在管理和治理 Neo 区块链方面的贡献。每 21 个区块（称为一个 Epoch），对委员会成员的投票重新计算，并依次重新分配激励份额。此外，发言人将获得当前区块中包含的交易的网络费用。

● 投票者 80% 。生成的大部分 GAS 代币将用于激励 NEO 持有者为委员会成员投票。只有成功为当选的委员会成员投票的人才能获得这部分奖励，该奖励在每个 Epoch（21 个区块）计算和分配。换句话说，这部分奖励被分成 28 份（21 份给委员会成员， 7 份给共识节点）。为当选的共识节点投票的 NEO 持有者将获得该部分奖励的 2/28 ；为当选的非共识节点委员会成员投票的 NEO 持有者将获得该部分奖励的 1/28 。

通过上述 GAS 代币分配机制，Neo N3将单一的治理机制转向强激励性的模式，形成更加具备执行力的治理结构，同时也为正确参与治理的 NEO 持有者提供向上的激励。

二、推出兼容 EVM 侧链，加入 EVM 生态大本营

前文从基本面角度阐述了 GAS 和 NEO 的关系。将 GAS 代币的产出和分配合理规划，是 Neo 吸引应用的底层逻辑。但 Neo 项目后续的发展依靠生态的建设，以及 GAS 代币的需求场景。

近期，Neo 创始人达鸿飞宣布了一项重大举措：Neo 正在创建一条能抵制矿工可提取价值（MEV）攻击、兼容以太坊虚拟机（EVM）的侧链，Neo 侧链将于 2023 年年底发布。

Neo 侧链利用 Neo N3的优势，如由 Neo 开发的 dBFT 共识机制、NeoVM（第一个非 EVM 智能合约系统）。

同时 Neo 侧链提供抗恶意 MEV 攻击的解决方案，包括交易打包和代理合约等创新功能。交易打包允许用户加密交易内容和元数据，有效隐藏潜在攻击者无法获取的敏感信息。代理合约则通过隐藏用户身份来增强隐私，伪装交易的真实发件人，并引入匿名性以阻止滥用。

最重要的是兼容 EVM 的特性，使习惯 Solidity 语言的开发者可以更方便的将项目迁入 Neo 侧链。尤其在如今的公链中，以太坊作为绝对的核心，大多数应用都是采用 EVM 来构建。

此举使 Neo 生态更具吸引力，同时 Neo 生态的项目入驻又会极大程度上的消耗 GAS 代币，为 GAS 代币赋能。

三、GAS 代币的疯涨的背后逻辑

Neo 未来发展的预期，是近期 GAS 代币上涨的重要原因之一。

另一个重要原因是 GAS 代币的流通量较低，只有 1012 万枚代币，市值只有 8400 万美元（（排名 298），相对较低。与治理代币 NEO 相比，从代币的功能机制上来讲，GAS 代币的供给和需求两侧表现较为突出，而 NEO 代币的需求端不够明显，这也是大多数治理代币的困境。无法为其赋能。

同时，GAS 代币作为 Neo 公链上的功能性代币，除了燃料机制外，生态项目入驻也会为 GAS 代币赋能，从而使其需求增加，而供给端又偏向于稳定产出，自然 GAS 代币的上涨可能性更高。

Neo 作为老牌项目，历经多个牛熊周期，还在不断寻找前进的方向，这种精神虽然值得佩服。但 Neo 的未来发展依旧不清晰。公链最重要的是生态的建设，在大家都在讨论L2，甚至L3的时候，老牌公链的生态建设举措能否引起市场的关注呢？

GAS 代币的上涨，虽然让大家的目光重新聚焦在 Neo 上，但短期的疯涨只是镜花水月，生态的繁荣才是维持上涨的原动力。

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