加密产品如何实现市场契合度?

深潮TechFlow2022-12-15 tarihinde yayınlandı2022-12-15 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

加密项目必须为许多愿意为其付费的人提供作用:否则,商业模式根本行不通。

加密项目必须为许多愿意为其付费的人提供作用:否则,商业模式根本行不通。

自从「产品市场契合度」一词流行以来,初创企业的世界逐渐将这一概念提升为宗教般的信仰。如果你以前没有听说过这个词,那么 Mark Andreessen 用下面这句话作了最好的定义:

「产品市场契合意味着拥有能够满足该良好市场的产品。」

寻找产品 - 市场契合度的例子非常容易,我们只需看看成功的企业和快速成长的初创公司。大热天的可口可乐;Netflix 的在线视频,它摧毁了电视;Blockbuster 和 DVD;谷歌拥有主导的产品市场契合度 (PMF)-- 几乎所有在网上寻找信息的人都在使用他们的搜索产品:

然而,尽管加密货币的受欢迎程度和价格显著上升,但产品市场契合度在加密货币中似乎相对稀缺。事实上,我认为在加密货币行业,只有少数产品有真正的 PMF。

在喧嚣的牛市中,评估 PMF 时很容易犯两个错误:

完全忽视 PMF 的必要性,认为良好的资金和强大的团队会一路解决问题,

假设(错误地)因为代币价格上涨,所以项目已经成功实现 PMF。

那么,为什么大多数加密货币项目不能找到产品 - 市场契合点?

要了解产品市场契合度,我们必须首先了解市场。 加密投资者和用户的范围是什么样的?

关于这张图表,首先要注意的是什么?

资本涌向风险系数的不同端:在一端,我们拥有大量资本的非风险承受能力。这里坐着成熟的投资者,通常是来自传统市场的交易员,现在已经跨入了加密货币领域。这些人就是我们所说的 「专业投资者」,持有该领域的大部分资本。

在另一端,我们拥有在 Crypto Twitter 上最直言不讳的那类人。匿名的鲸鱼,「Degen」交易者,Memecoin 拥护者。虽然这一类别的资本不如机构,但数量更多,而且他们将更大比例的净资产投入加密货币。

广义上讲,这两类投资者中的每一类都代表一个特定的市场。而不了解这一范围是导致大多数 PMF 失败的原因:

为不存在的市场设计产品;

成熟的市场,但产品糟糕。

几乎所有加密项目都与 PMF 作斗争,但我将在下面概述两种类型的 PMF 失败:

1.Y2K

Y2K 是一款非常酷的产品,也是必不可少的产品。我们在 2022 年春季看到的一些脱钩事件已经证明了它的必要性 --UST/LUNA 的失败是其中最主要的。

主要作用:Y2K 允许用户对冲稳定币的脱钩风险。你可以通过将资金存入金库来有效地购买保险。如果我想对冲 Tether/USDT 的脱钩风险,那么我可以为我的头寸投保(对冲)。如果它没有贬值,保险费将支付给另一个金库;风险金库,即保险承保人。如果它真的脱钩,存入「风险」金库的钱将按照我存入对冲金库的金额比例支付给我。

一个伟大的产品:针对脱钩风险的保险,具有透明的市场定价,以及对黑天鹅脱钩事件的简单保险能力。听起来很好,对吗?好吧,让我们看看自五周前以来该 USDT 金库的存款情况:

前四个星期表现强劲,后来出现了巨大的下降。在这里,需要注意的是,Y2K 正在向该协议的早期用户分发代币,希望激励存款。这个奖励期持续了一个月。

那么,对于第五周,为什么会存在这种下降?

我认为这是因为产品市场契合。 让我们回到我们的加密货币资本 / 风险图谱:

机构如何对冲稳定币风险?有几种方法:

他们持有美元,只有在机会大于风险时才加入稳定币;

他们在中心化交易所做空稳定币;

那么,Degen 如何对冲稳定币风险呢?好吧,他们没有 --Degens 的风险容忍度很高,他们不会费心去对冲大多数稳定币的尾部风险。

Y2k 是一个伟大的产品:稳定币风险是真实存在的,对冲很重要,但它没有足够大的潜在市场:到底谁会使用这个东西?机构已经有拥有有效的链下对冲方式,散户根本不在乎对冲。

总而言之:一个好的产品,一个糟糕的市场,无法实现真正的产品市场契合。

2.元宇宙和 GameFi 项目

那么,市场好,但产品差怎么办?

不妨看看 2021 年和 2022 年出炉的一些 GameFi 和元宇宙项目。

在过去几年里,赌徒们一直在寻找成功的 GameFi 和元宇宙产品,但加密货币所生产的任何东西都无法与游戏大厂制作的游戏相比:想想 Activision Blizzard、EA、Epic Games。

据估计,仅在美国就有超过 2 亿的游戏玩家——但加密游戏指标却很惨淡:

Decentraland,最大的元宇宙项目之一,日活约 8000。去比较一下,现在有 400 万 Fortnite 玩家在玩这个游戏。Minecraft 有 300 万 DAU;甚至 2001 年问世的 Runescape 也有近 50 万 DAU。

Axie Infinity 做得更好一些,大约有 70 万月活,和 Skyrim 差不多(需要注意的是 Skyrim 已有 12 年历史)。

问题是什么呢?

大多数人玩加密货币游戏不是为了游戏本身,而是为了加密货币。

看看 CoinGecko 上的游戏排名,告诉我你是否为了娱乐而玩过这些游戏,或者跳进元宇宙只是为了和你朋友见面。

我打赌你没有。如果你有参与,那也是为了赚点钱。

大多数人都使用过 Facebook Messenger,玩过 LOL、GTA 或我的世界, 这些产品需要加密货币来运作吗?

不需要。

那么加密游戏和元宇宙领域需要什么?

更好的产品。两亿多游戏玩家正等待着谁来破解密码。市场在那里,但缺乏产品。

这篇文章里有什么好消息吗?

具体来说,有一个著名的项目已经成功地找到了产品与市场的契合点。

Ethereum

虽然以太坊没有任何以消费者为中心的应用程序,但它是我们看到需求最多的加密货币 L1。而你实际上可以通过查看 Gas 成本来量化这种需求,有时简单的代币交换需要超过 100 美元。当 Solana 和 Arbitrum 接近免费时,为什么人们愿意支付这个费用?产品 - 市场契合。

以太坊在其应用程序中创造了无与伦比的去中心化和实用性品牌:

人们更愿意为以太坊上持有的 NFT 付费。

人们对在链上存储的资产更有信心。

最具创新性和最值得信赖的 DeFi 蓝筹在以太坊上运行。

而由于这些原因,链上交易的成本更大,这证明了产品市场契合度:成本表明,以太坊的产品市场契合度比新贵 L1 好得多,尽管它们更便宜。

在我看来,像 Uniswap 这样的 DEX,像 GMX 和 dYdX 这样的永续交易所,以及在线的、非 KYC 的加密货币赌博平台也已经找到了产品市场契合度,但这些都是投机性的用例。所有这些平台都有效地向以太坊支付区块空间,而这部分空间利润又被转给了 ETH 代币持有者。

尾语:建造人们想要的东西

加密货币的真正需求来源来自于用户,那些从特定产品中获得效用的用户。该产品可以与 DeFi、GameFi、Metaverse、赌博、投机有关——但从根本上讲,它必须为许多愿意为其付费的人提供作用:否则,商业模式根本行不通。

当加密货币为一个新的、更好的未来而努力时,作为一个行业,我们应该明智地反思为用户和人们创造真正的价值。我们不能再因为我们正在建设加密货币而忽视产品市场契合度。

现在我们像其他初创企业一样采取必须的步骤:努力找到产品市场契合。

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