科技IPO大潮前夜,Polymarket联手纳斯达克抢「估值裁定权」

marsbit2026-05-20 tarihinde yayınlandı2026-05-20 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

在科技IPO热潮前夕,预测市场平台Polymarket与纳斯达克旗下Nasdaq Private Market(NPM)达成独家合作,推出了针对OpenAI、Anthropic、SpaceX等知名未上市公司估值的预测合约。用户可对相关公司的未来估值进行押注,而NPM将以其掌握的、源自员工股二级市场交易的实时估值数据作为合约最终裁定依据。 此次合作是Polymarket对主要竞争对手Kalshi的一次关键反扑。此前,持合规牌照的Kalshi在美国本土市场份额领先。Polymarket则通过与NPM合作,独家获得了高质量的私募估值数据源,并借此争夺市场对未上市科技公司估值的“裁定权”。 这已是Polymarket近期一系列数据变现合作的最新一步。此前,其已将其平台产生的预测数据流,通过合作方洲际交易所(ICE)和新闻集团(News Corp)的渠道,销售给全球机构客户并嵌入主流财经媒体。 分析认为,通过与掌握核心数据的NPM绑定,Polymarket在抢占当前火热的Pre-IPO市场预测赛道中占据了先机,而Kalshi若想跟进,将面临更高的进入门槛。

这一波科技 IPO 热潮,所有人都想「登船」,包括 Polymarket。

距离 SpaceX 在 Nasdaq 挂牌最快还有 23 天,这是一个刷新人类有 IPO 史以来的所有纪录的 IPO。

OpenAI 上一轮估值 5000 亿,Anthropic 据传值 4000 亿,SpaceX 1.75 万亿。全球 1600 家独角兽公司,累计估值 5 万亿美元。这块的回报历史上只对机构和合格投资者开放。要直接买这些公司的股,需要六位数门槛、一年锁定期、合格投资者认证、关系网络。普通人接触不到。

此外,私募公司没有义务披露估值。融资轮估值滞后,二级市场报价分散,员工持股的真实成交价是高度敏感的内部信息。而这,正是预测市场最好的切入点。

5 月 19 日,Polymarket 卡在这个时点前推出了与纳斯达克的独家合作,上线一批针对 pre-IPO 公司市值的预测合约。用户可以押 OpenAI 年底估值能否突破 1 万亿,Anthropic 12 月 31 日是否触及 1.1 万亿,SpaceX 6 月 30 日前能否摸到 1.5 万亿。纳斯达克作为数据源,负责合约最终的裁定。

Polymarket 之前就有 OpenAI 首日收盘市值的盘口,Bloomberg 报道从去年 9 月起累积了 160 万美元交易量。Kalshi 上现成的 IPO 合约更密集,Cerebras Systems 2027 年前 IPO 的概率被押到 95%,Kraken 83%,Databricks 70%,Discord 70%。OpenAI 和 Anthropic 也都有合约。

两家竞争对手平台都很重视 pre-IPO 这波热潮。

Polymarket 的翻身仗

过去八个月,Polymarket 几乎在所有看得见的指标上都被 Kalshi 反超。

4 月 Kalshi 月交易量 148 亿美元,环比涨 13%。Polymarket 全球加上美国 App 加起来 102 亿,环比跌 8.9%。活跃交易者从 3 月的 73.3 万掉到 4 月的 64.3 万,跌了 12%。估值上 Kalshi 最新一轮 220 亿,Polymarket 据报道在谈 150 亿。

Bank of America 在 4 月的报告里指出,美国本土预测市场,Kalshi 拿走了 约 89% 的份额。

Kalshi 这几年的路,一直比 Polymarket 顺。2020 年 CFTC 给它发了 Designated Contract Market 牌照,全美第一张,也是迄今唯一一张专门发给事件合约平台的。这意味着 Kalshi 可以接美元、可以发 1099 报税单、可以跟 Robinhood 接 SDK、可以让 CNN 和 CNBC 引用它的概率数据。今年 2 月 Kalshi 被 TIME 选进 TIME100 最有影响力公司榜单,App 商店一度逼近 ChatGPT。

而 Polymarket 在 2022 年被 CFTC 罚 140 万美元后从美国市场撤出。2025 年 7 月 CFTC 和司法部才结束对它的新一轮调查,通过收购 QCEX 拿到合规交易牌照。

不过 Polymarket 这次和纳斯达克的合作,很可能是开始反扑的信号。

Polymarket 合作的对象具体是由纳斯达克孵化的公司 Nasdaq Private Market(后文都简称 NPM),专门服务非上市公司,主要的业务具体有两件事:

一是,组织员工股二级市场流动性计划。OpenAI、SpaceX、Anthropic 这类公司的员工手里持有大量期权或限制性股票,公司没上市又不能去公开市场卖,NPM 帮公司组织一轮一轮的 tender offer,让员工把股票卖给经核准的外部投资者。NPM 自己披露,做了近 800 亿美元这种交易,覆盖 1000 多个公司主导的流动性计划,服务 20 万多名员工股东。

二是,建私募公司的估值数据库。NPM 每天能看到 OpenAI、Anthropic、SpaceX 的员工股在二级市场以什么价格成交。这些数据原本只卖给机构客户,年费不菲。

这次合作的关键一步,是 NPM 同意首次把这些估值数据拿出来给 Polymarket 用。

NPM 数据副总裁 Rodolfo Sanchez 在新闻稿里说了一句很关键的话:「The data flows in both directions.」NPM 给 Polymarket 数据做合约结算,Polymarket 的合约价格曲线反过来变成 NPM 客户能用的「机构信号」。机构客户买 NPM 数据的时候,附带拿到一个由几十万散户实时定价的概率曲线。

卖数据、抢裁定权、抢散户

这不是 Polymarket 第一次卖自己的数据。

2025 年 10 月,ICE 宣布投资最高 20 亿美元,估值 80 亿美元投前。这笔钱的重点不在估值,在条款。ICE 拿到了 Polymarket 数据的全球独家分销权。NYSE 母公司的销售渠道,开始替 Polymarket 把概率数据卖给全球机构客户。

2026 年 1 月,道琼斯独家合作。Polymarket 的预测数据接入 Wall Street Journal、Barron's、MarketWatch、Investor's Business Daily。News Corp 旗下的财经媒体矩阵,开始把 Polymarket 的概率信号当作类似道指、VIX 的标准模块嵌进版面。

2026 年 2 月,ICE 把 Polymarket Signals and Sentiment 产品正式发出来。Polymarket 上几千个合约的实时报价被规整成结构化数据流,通过 ICE Consolidated Feed 分发给机构客户,跟 NYSE 股票数据、债券价格、公司公告走在同一条管道里。ICE 总裁 Ben Jackson 在 Q1 财报会上把这个产品和 Reddit、道琼斯并列,称之为 ICE 替代数据服务的三大支柱。

而这一次合作,是抢夺今年最火的私募市场估值的裁定权。

我们猜测 Kalshi 那边不会闲着,它的下一步操作大概率也是和某家私募市场数据商谈合作,实行这套结构。但 Forge、PitchBook 这些主流私募数据商体量都比 NPM 小,覆盖公司也更少。NPM 已经被 Polymarket 独家拿走。Kalshi 进入这个赛道的代价会更高。

Trend Kriptolar

İlgili Sorular

QPolymarket与纳斯达克合作推出的预测合约主要涉及哪些公司的估值?

A主要涉及OpenAI、Anthropic和SpaceX三家pre-IPO公司的估值预测。具体包括押注OpenAI年底估值能否突破1万亿美元,Anthropic在12月31日是否触及1.1万亿美元,以及SpaceX在6月30日前能否达到1.5万亿美元。

QPolymarket与纳斯达克旗下的Nasdaq Private Market(NPM)合作的关键是什么?

A合作的关键在于NPM首次同意将其掌握的、来自私募公司员工持股二级市场的实时交易和估值数据提供给Polymarket,用于预测合约的最终裁定。同时,Polymarket的预测价格曲线也将作为“机构信号”反馈给NPM的客户,实现数据的双向流动。

Q根据文章,Polymarket的主要竞争对手Kalshi相比Polymarket有哪些优势?

AKalshi的优势主要包括:拥有美国商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)颁发的Designated Contract Market牌照,使其在美国合规运营;月交易量高于Polymarket;获得主流媒体如CNN、CNBC的引用;并曾被《时代》周刊评为最有影响力公司之一。

Q文章提到Polymarket除了与纳斯达克合作,还通过哪些方式出售其预测数据?

APolymarket通过以下方式出售其预测数据:1)2025年10月,与洲际交易所(ICE)达成合作,ICE获得其数据的全球独家分销权;2)2026年1月,与道琼斯集团独家合作,将数据接入《华尔街日报》等媒体平台;3)2026年2月,ICE正式推出名为“Polymarket Signals and Sentiment”的结构化数据产品,通过其数据管道分发给机构客户。

QPolymarket与纳斯达克合作推出pre-IPO估值预测合约的目的是什么?

A目的是在多方面取得竞争优势:1)抢占今年最热门的私募市场估值的“裁定权”,确立自身在该领域数据可信度和权威性的标杆地位;2)利用独家高质量数据源吸引用户和交易量,以对抗主要竞争对手Kalshi;3)进一步将其预测数据产品化并销售给机构客户,开辟新的商业模式和收入来源。

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