Виталик Бутерин представил протокол GKR для более быстрых систем подтверждения

cryptonews.ru2025-10-19 tarihinde yayınlandı2025-10-20 tarihinde güncellendi

Виталик Бутерин поделился новым исследованием, которое может в ближайшие годы изменить подход Ethereum к проверке доказательств и масштабированию.

Виталик Бутерин представляет GKR — протокол для более быстрой агрегации доказательств.
GKR повышает эффективность систем ZK и роллап-систем Ethereum.
Это знаменует собой шаг на пути к «бережливому» и квантово-безопасному видению Ethereum к 2025 году.

Виталик Бутерин представил протокол GKR — революционную систему доказательств, призванную сделать вычисления с нулевым разглашением быстрее и эффективнее.

Новое руководство Бутерина, опубликованное 20 октября в его личном блоге vitalik.eth.limo, подробно описывает протокол Голдвассера–Калаи–Ротблума. Этот рекурсивный метод агрегации доказательств потенциально может полностью изменить подход Ethereum к масштабированию и верификации.

Протокол GKR и будущее эффективности доказательств

Фреймворк GKR проверяет большие вычисления с минимальными накладными расходами на блокчейн, упрощая сложные криптографические доказательства. Бутерин описывает, как GKR обрабатывает доказательства за логарифмическое время, не требуя дорогостоящих промежуточных действий, что делает его гораздо более эффективным, чем традиционные системы ZK-SNARK или STARK.

В своей публикации Бутерин выражает благодарность Льву Суханову, Чжэньфэю Чжану и Закари Уильямсону за их отзывы и обзоры, подчёркивая, что главное преимущество GKR заключается в его масштабируемости. «Он идеально подходит для проверки больших объёмов хешей и вычислений в стиле нейронных сетей», — написал он, отметив его пригодность как для блокчейна, так и для задач искусственного интеллекта.

Благодаря структуре протокола, доказывающие стороны могут отказаться от обязательств на промежуточных этапах, что снижает стоимость и вычислительную нагрузку. Хотя GKR сам по себе не является протоколом с нулевым разглашением, его можно использовать в слоях ZK-SNARK или STARK для обеспечения конфиденциальности, сочетая краткость с конфиденциальностью.

Ключевой элемент дорожной карты Ethereum

GKR соответствует более широкому видению Бутерина «Lean Ethereum» — упрощённой и устойчивой к квантовым вычислениям архитектуры сети. Он напрямую поддерживает движение Ethereum к более быстрой финализации, агрегации доказательств для сверток и масштабируемости с нулевым разглашением.

Этот релиз следует за несколькими связанными инициативами Бутерина, такими как предложения по расширенным инструментам взаимодействия между сетями второго уровня, клиентам с частичной отслеживаемостью состояния для минимизации хранения данных на узлах и управлению с помощью ZK. Вместе они направлены на то, чтобы сделать Ethereum более эффективным, приватным и доступным.

Криптографическая основа Ethereum может стать легче и быстрее, поскольку разработчики начнут экспериментировать с системами на базе GKR, что поможет реализовать долгосрочную цель Бутерина — масштабируемые, проверенные вычисления.

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