特朗普急了,考虑今夏就宣布「影子联储主席」

深潮2025-06-26 tarihinde yayınlandı2025-06-26 tarihinde güncellendi

特朗普考虑最早今夏宣布下任美联储主席人选,远早于传统的 3-4 个月过渡期。

撰文:龙玥,华尔街见闻

面对美联储迟迟不降息的局面,特朗普坐不住了。他又一次考虑打破常规,准备提前宣布下任美联储主席人选,试图用「影子主席」策略倒逼现任主席鲍威尔加快降息进程。

据华尔街日报报道,特朗普正考虑最早今夏或秋天就宣布接替鲍威尔的美联储主席人选,远早于传统的 3-4 个月过渡期。知情人士透露,特朗普对美联储谨慎降息的立场日益不满,希望通过提前宣布继任者,让「影子主席」在鲍威尔任期结束前就开始影响市场预期和货币政策走向。

知情人士透露,最近几周,特朗普一直在考虑在 9 月或 10 月之前选定并宣布鲍威尔的继任者,他对鲍威尔的愤怒可能会导致他在今年夏天的某个时候更早地宣布继任者人选。而新任美联储主席要到明年 5 月才上任。

特朗普在北约峰会新闻发布会上暗示进程可能加速:

我知道在 3-4 个人中我将选择谁。幸运的是,他很快就要离任了,因为我认为他很糟糕。

不过,美联储政策由 12 名决策者组成的委员会制定,特朗普无法任命多数成员,除非现任理事提前离职。这使得新主席必须具备说服更广泛委员会的能力。提前宣布也存在风险。候选人可能陷入公开批评未来同事的尴尬境地,或因为市场视其为「马屁精」而失去公信力。

候选人浮出水面

华尔街见闻此前文章提及,据媒体报道,主要候选人包括前美联储理事沃什、美国国家经济委员会主任哈塞特、现任美联储理事沃勒以及美国财政部长贝森特:

特朗普第一任期内提名的官员之一美联储理事沃勒在上周五接受 CNBC 采访时表示,由于担心劳动力市场过度疲软,他可能支持下个月降息。

过去两个月,下任美联储主席的热门人选之一、美联储前理事沃什,多次发表演讲,他称美联储自己要为这些攻击负责。「我看到媒体激动地报道政治家如何对美联储无情,我只想说:成熟点!硬气点。」

鲍威尔回应

面对政治压力,鲍威尔在周三的参议院听证会上重申美联储独立性:「如果我们在这里犯错,人们将长期承担代价。」他表示今年降息是可能的,但「我们将采取谨慎的方法」。

鲍威尔的美联储主席任期明年 5 月结束,但其理事任期要到 2028 年才到期,这意味着他可以选择在卸任主席后继续担任理事 1 年半。鲍威尔在周二的国会听证会上表示,他只专注于「在美联储剩余时间里让经济保持强劲,通胀得到控制」。

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