监管转折点?SEC 发布 Crypto 资产注册和报告新指南

链捕手2025-04-11 tarihinde yayınlandı2025-04-11 tarihinde güncellendi

作者:区块链骑士

 

‍4月10日,美国证券交易委员会(SEC)财务部发布了新的员工观点,概述了联邦证券法如何适用于Crypto相关证券的注册和发行。

该声明涵盖了一系列主题,包括公司应如何呈现其业务运营、通证设计、治理、技术规格和财务报告等方面的信息。

虽然该文件并未制定新的法规,但它反映了SEC工作人员当前对公司应如何准备申报文件的期望。这也表明SEC在新领导层下对Crypto监管采取了更为开放的态度。

为注册者提供更明确的指导

该指导意见侧重于根据1933年《证券法》和1934年《证券交易法》提交的申报文件,旨在协助参与通证发行或基于区块链基础设施构建的平台实体。

这些申报文件可能包括注册表格,如用于公开发行的S-1表格、用于报告公司的10表格、用于外国发行人的20-F表格以及用于Regulation A豁免的1-A表格。

公司应明确概述其收入策略、项目里程碑以及任何相关数字资产背后的技术框架。如果Crypto资产在业务中具有特定功能,例如支持交易、治理或访问服务,则必须以通俗易懂的语言对该信息进行描述。

SEC还期望这些描述与白皮书和开发者文档等宣传材料中分享的内容保持一致。

如果开发仍在进行中,该声明建议公司概述关键里程碑、预期时间表、资金来源以及通证或网络在推出后将发挥的任何作用。

这包括对共识机制、交易费用以及网络是否使用开源或专有软件的解释。

披露要求

SEC还列出了对投资风险披露的期望,包括通证波动性、流动性限制、法律分类和安全漏洞。

例如,如果公司的商业模式依赖于第三方区块链或其他外部网络,则应描述这些依赖关系。对于与做市商或托管人的任何安排,同样适用。

发行人必须披露通证是否具有投票权、利润分享机制或赎回程序,以及这些权利如何传达或修改。该文件还要求提供有关通证如何创建、供应量是否固定,以及是否适用归属期或锁定期的详细信息。

如果智能合约控制通证行为,则必须将代码作为附件提交,并且对其进行的任何更新都应在未来的修订中体现。此外,公司必须描述通证所有权是如何追踪的、转移资产所需的工具,以及与这些转移相关的任何费用。

公司还必须披露有关领导层和关键人员的信息,包括可能在决策中发挥核心作用但未持有正式头衔的个人或实体。对于信托或交易所交易产品,披露内容应包括有关发起人及其管理人员的信息。

财务披露必须遵循既定的会计准则,并且SEC鼓励面临新型报告情况的公司咨询其首席会计师办公室。

尽管该工作人员指导意见不具有约束力,但它为Crypto相关实体在注册过程中提供了一个参考点。它反映了SEC对Crypto市场的关注日益增加,因为越来越多的公司寻求在公开市场运营并通过基于区块链的产品筹集资金。

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