一文了解超级政治行动委员会Fairshake:有哪些加密机构捐款?

Odaily星球日报2024-06-04 tarihinde yayınlandı2024-06-04 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

Fairshake的主要捐赠者目前有 Coinbase、Ripple Labs和Andreessen Horowitz(a16z)等,此外还有不少加密行业的知名机构。

一文了解超级政治行动委员会Fairshake:有哪些加密机构捐款?

近两个月以来,Fairshake 的名字频繁出现在加密机构向 PAC(政治行动委员会)捐款的新闻中。美国联邦选举委员会(FEC)的官方数据显示,由加密行业支持的 Super PAC(超级政治行动委员会)Fairshake 在 2023 年 1 月 1 日至 2024 年 4 月 30 日期间,总共接受捐款 9287 万美元,花费捐款 4065 万美元。主要的捐款机构均为加密行业头部的公司,比如 Coinbase、Ripple Labs 和 Andreessen Horowitz(a16z)等。

由于递交给 FEC 的文件有延迟,根据彭博社基于 FEC 数据和公开新闻的估算,截至 5 月 31 日,Fairshake 及其关联的两个 Super PAC(Project Progress 和 Defend American Jobs)已经筹集在这一大选周期中筹集了 1.35 亿美元。整体而言,包括 Fairshake 在内,加密货币捐赠者自 2023 年以来已经向 FEC 投入了超过 1.46 亿美元。

可以说,Fairshake 是通过捐款以影响美国大选形势的主要的阵线和窗口之一,尽管其他的许多加密友好 PAC 已经在 FEC 注册,但从筹款金额和最新动态来看,Fairshake 当之无愧排在加密 PAC 影响力位居榜首。

本文中,PANews 将就 Fairshake 的基本情况和在对大选中的影响,进行科普介绍。

超级政治行动委员会 Fairshake 是什么?

在美国,政治行动委员会(PAC)是一种免税的 527 组织,它将成员的竞选捐款集中起来,并将这些资金捐赠给竞选活动,这些竞选活动将支持或反对候选人、选票提案或相关立法。

超级 PAC(Super PAC)正式名称为“仅独立支出的政治行动委员会”,与传统 PAC 不同,它们可以从个人、公司、工会和其他团体筹集无限量的资金,用于广告等明确支持或反对政治候选人的活动。然而,它们不允许与候选人竞选活动或政党进行联合或直接捐款。

一文了解超级政治行动委员会Fairshake:有哪些加密机构捐款?

目前活跃在美国大选圈子中的加密行业支持的 PAC 或超级 PAC 至少有 12 个,其中以 Fairshake 的筹款数额最为突出

Fairshake 的网站称,它是一个超级政治行动委员会(Super PAC),“支持致力于将美国打造为创新者家园的候选人,这些创新者正构建下一代互联网。” 总的来说,它支持那些力挺有利于加密货币行业的政策的政治家。

该组织于 2023 年在 FEC 注册,注册地为佛罗里达州。目前,Fairshake 已经得到了数字货币领域一些最具影响力的公司和高管的财政支持,比如 Coinbase 的 CEO Brian Armstrong 就明确表示支持。作为一个超级 PAC,Fairshake 的捐赠者名单必须在定期向 FEC 提交的报告中披露。

OpenSecrets 的网站显示了目前本轮选举周期中,Fairshake 接受捐赠的所有来自机构的投资者。不过,由于超级 PAC 披露的滞后,Fairshake 的全部筹款范围尚不清楚。

一文了解超级政治行动委员会Fairshake:有哪些加密机构捐款?

可以看出,Fairshake 的主要捐赠者目前有 Coinbase、Ripple Labs 和 Andreessen Horowitz(a16z)等,此外还有不少加密行业的知名机构。

一文了解超级政治行动委员会Fairshake:有哪些加密机构捐款?

Coinbase 的 CEO Brian Armstrong

Fairshake 支持哪些候选人?

在 2024 年初选季期间,Fairshake 主要参与了加州的美国参议院席位的竞选,Fairshake 在独立支出上花费了超过 1000 万美元,反对其中一位参选的民主党人 Katie Porter。Fairshake 据称认为 Katie Porter 是马萨诸塞州民主党参议员 Elizabeth Warren 的潜在盟友,而 Warren 是加密货币平台的批评者。最终,Katie Porter 未能进入今年秋季的普选。

此外,Fairshake 的发言人 Josh Vlasto 在 3 月表示,该超级 PAC 计划在其他美国参议院竞选中活跃,特别是在马里兰和密歇根的民主党初选以及俄亥俄和蒙大拿的普选。

Fairshake 支出的最大受益者还包括众议院金融服务委员会主席 Patrick McHenry(共和党,北卡罗来纳州)、众议员 Dusty Johnson(共和党,南达科他州)和众议员 Josh Gottheimer(民主党,新泽西州)等。

据 Public Citizen 的报告统计来看,在 Fairshake 及其附属 PAC 介入且现已结束的 2024 年六场初选中,只有一名加密货币支持的候选人失败,胜率超 80% 。

Fairshake 的广告没有明确聚焦于加密货币监管。许多广告展示了候选人和他们所在选区的图片,并配有传记信息解说。广告将候选人描述为两党问题解决者,主要关注经济问题。但几乎所有广告都提到,这些议员致力于“吸引未来的工作岗位”和在美国建设“下一代互联网”。

资料显示,Fairshake 的发言人 Josh Vlasto 曾是纽约州州长 Andrew Cuomo 的前幕僚长,也是参议员 Chuck Schumer(D-N.Y.)的高级助理。Vlasto 曾经对外表示:“我们将拥有足够的资源来影响各级竞选活动和机构的组成,并将战略性地利用这些资产以最大化其影响力,进而建立一个可持续的、两党共同支持的加密货币和区块链联盟。”

现在,由于美国两党对加密行业的态度都逐渐转向友好,对待加密行业的态度被认为可以进一步影响选民的态度。总的来说,随着 Fairshake 接受捐款的动态愈加频繁,它的影响力也值得接下来人们进一步的关注。

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