2024年加密行业前景值得期待的10大因素

Odaily星球日报2024-02-12 tarihinde yayınlandı2024-02-12 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

2024年,加密货币行业的前景将更加乐观。

2022 年,加密货币市场达到历史高点之后总市值蒸发了 1.4 万亿美元,导致了广泛的悲观情绪。

但是,加密市场再次展现了其韧性,从 2023 年开始恢复,BTC 从不到 1.6 万美元上升到 4 万美元上方,ETH 也反弹到 2200 美元附近。

2024 年,加密货币行业的前景将更加乐观,原因有以下几点:

1.区块链基础架构可扩展性增强

2023 年,以太坊完成了合并,共识机制从 PoW 转变为 PoS,网络可扩展性得到了提升,但这显然还不足以满足市场需求。为了进一步提高可扩展性,开发人员已经创建了几种链上和链下可扩展性解决方案,包括:

侧链(例如 Gnosis 链)

状态通道(例如 Raiden 网络)

Optimistic rollup(例如 Optimism)

ZK rollup(例如 zkSync)

Validium 链和分片(例如 Zkporter root)

以上这些方案类型基本上都是基于以太坊的次级链,并通过互操作性协议和(安全性正在提高的)桥接连接到以太坊网络。它们大多数都已存活下来,而且得到了较长时间的使用,这使其技术得以成熟和改进。像 Optimism 这样的项目已经发布了工具,以使开发新的扩展解决方案变得更加容易。

另外,还有一些创新的项目在持续推出,例如 Zircuit(EVM 兼容的 ZK-Rollup),以及 LayerZero(刚刚推出V2的 Omnichain 消息传输协议)。如果开发人员对区块链的可扩展性不满意,他们还可以选择基于扩展性更好的区块链进行建设,甚至以低成本推出适用于特定 app 的区块链,同时仍然从以太坊的安全保证中受益。

对于用户而言,更好的可扩展性意味着更快的交易处理,更低的费用和改进的用户体验,这对于主流采用至关重要。

2.区块链创新正在加速

与其他任何新兴技术一样,区块链发展初期进展缓慢并且遭遇了各种阻力。但是现在,它已经开始获得动力,升级速度加快。

随着区块链技术的成熟,出现了几种新的解决方案,使创新项目更容易被创建。例如,ZK rollup 为区块链增添了隐私,同时兼具了高安全性、可扩展性以及易操作性。得益于各种项目的前期努力,ZK-proofs 已经开始得到广泛采用,成为了区块链行业的最大发展趋势之一。

根据 Cryptomeria Capital 的零知识报告, 2024 年,ZK 技术有望重新定义安全性和隐私范式,为新兴挑战提供绝佳的解决方案。这只是加密行业中的一个例子,其它创新也在不断出现,一起推动区块链技术的采用。

3.Web3开发人员社区活跃

尽管经历了深度熊市,但Web3开发人员社区仍然活跃。这也是 2024 年加密行业值得期待的最重要因素之一。毕竟,开发人员社区是Web3最大的资产。由于所有区块链和加密货币都是由开发人员构建的,拥有一个充满活力的开发社区对于保持行业的进步至关重要。

从 Coindesk 和 Cointelegraph 等网站中可以看到,每天都会有新的Web3项目被创建或者优秀项目的更新内容。开发人员社区比以往任何时候都更加乐观,这也是一个非常关键的指标。

4.开发人员工具的重大改进

2023 年以来,开发人员工具得到了重大改进。值得注意的例子包括:现代智能合约框架(如 Foundry);区块链 API(如 QuickNode);领先的 rollup 开发框架(如 Optimism 的 Bedrock)等。

构建区块链应用程序变得越来越快捷,这可以促进创新,吸引更多的开发人员,提高互操作性,并提高成本效率。

5.智能合约安全性提高

智能合约自从诞生以来就一直在对抗黑客的攻击,黑客已经从 DeFi 项目中夺走了大量的资金,但社区正在努力完善智能合约的安全性。

目前,智能合约审计师社区非常活跃,而且通过检查智能合约安全问题可以帮助他们赚取可观的收入。过去,这类事情通常由大型公司来做,但现在更多的个人审计师参与其中,这要归功于 Immunefi 和 Hackenproof 的等加密漏洞赏金平台提供的奖金激励。随着更多安全审计师的参与,加密货币的未来将变得更安全,这也是其赢得Web2业务和用户信任的关键步骤。

6.加密用户体验得到改善

在加密行业中,和安全性同样重要的还有用户体验(UX),这是主流采用和参与度的关键驱动力。由于大多数用户无法花大量时间和精力去学习跨链兼容性和加密私钥之类的知识,因此必须要依靠有效的设计来简化使用方式。用户体验不佳会导致严重后果,例如丢失资产等,从而导致用户损失和参与度降低。优化 UX 设计是建立用户信任的关键,尤其是考虑区块链交易的匿名性质。

随着区块链技术的大众化,只有拥有良好用户体验的产品才能吸引和保留更多用户。而且,区块链解决方案还要与拥有无缝 UX 和熟悉界面的现有服务(例如金融、社交媒体和供应管理应用程序)竞争。

以前,Dapps 的用户体验做得不尽如人意,但是现在已经从各种实践中得到提升。例如,加密钱包现在提供了更流畅的体验,使非技术人员更容易参与Web3。例如 Immutable 项目的“护照”,它允许用户通过单个登录过程进入游戏,而非连接钱包。这抽象了区块链的交互,使用户登录更加熟悉。这种提高的便捷性可以使基于区块链的游戏得到更多采用。

7.区块链用户基数持续增长

构建加密基础架构的目的是支持 Dapp 的开发,服务于大量用户,因此,用户采用是一个重要指标。得益于更好的安全性、改进的用户体验以及较低的费用,加密世界正在吸引更多的用户。尽管目前采用率仍然较低,但我们可以在一些去中心化社交媒体(例如 Lens)看到一些采用率的进步。此外,Web3游戏的前景充满活力,发行了许多新游戏。

根据 Vaneck 的 2024 年加密货币预测,今年区块链游戏领域中将出现日活用户超过 100 万的项目,最有可能的候选者是 Immutable 推出的游戏。

8.Tradfi 和 Fintech 和加密世界融合

Tradfi 和 Fintech 和加密世界融合的典例是金融科技公司 Paypal 拥抱加密货币。Paypal 的在线支付市场份额高达 42 %,自 2020 年 10 月以来它就开始允许商家接受加密付款。2023 年 8 月,PayPal 推出了自己的稳定币,继续朝着加密货币领域发展。它还引入了 crypto wire 功能,使用户能够购买和出售加密货币。

考虑到 PayPal 是大多数在线商家的首选付款方式,也是电子商务领域中的关键参与者,这是一个巨大的进步。可以说,PayPal 通过提高可访问性、信誉、流动性和主流意识,为在线交易更广泛地采用数字货币开辟了新的可能性和机会。此外,像这类主要参与者的参与可能会鼓励监管机构为加密行业制定更清晰、更有利的法规。

9.比特币 ETF 的通过和减半周期的到来

众所知周,美国大量的资金被捆绑在养老基金中,而这些资金通常仅限于投资股票。从技术上讲,比特币 ETF 也是一种股票,从长期来看,养老基金可能会通过多元化配置使资金进入加密货币市场。

截止到 1 月 26 日,比特币现货 ETF 的历史累计净流入已达 7.56 亿美元,比特币现货 ETF 总资产净值为 267.4 亿美元。目前整个加密市场的价值为 1.67 万亿美元,而根据相关数据统计,养老金每年的投资金额可达 60 万亿美元以上。 从市场规模来看,加密货币 ETF 未来的增长潜力巨大。

另外,第四个比特币减半周期将在今年 4 月份发生,矿工的抛压将继续减少,从市场供需角度来看,也是长期利好比特币的因素。

10.降息周期即将到来

加密货币与股市相关性很高,因此受利率水平的影响很大。自 2021 年底以来,全球央行一直在提高利率,以压低通货膨胀。据路透社报道,由于通货膨胀已经得到很大的缓解,大多数主要的发达经济体现在决定停止激进的加息。

为了确保软着陆而非经济衰退,一些美联储官员认为, 2024 年将开始降息,预计整个 2024 年利率将会降低 75 个基点。欧洲央行也可能在 2024 年 6 月开始降息。当利率降低时,市场上将会有更多的资本可用,有利于股市的繁荣,而这种积极作用也会扩展到加密货币市场。

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