以太坊生态2023年新发行代币中有54%涉嫌市场操纵?

Web3动向2024-02-08 tarihinde yayınlandı2024-02-08 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

区块链分析平台Chainalysis日前发布了一项研究报告,报告显示2023年在以太坊链上发行的新代币中,有54%的代币可能存在“pump and dump”(拉高出货)的行为,但这些代币仅占以太坊DEX总交易量的1.3%。

区块链分析平台Chainalysis日前发布了一项研究报告,报告显示2023年在以太坊链上发行的新代币中,有54%的代币可能存在“pump and dump”(拉高出货)的行为,但这些代币仅占以太坊DEX总交易量的1.3%。

尽管规模有限,但突显了以太坊的无需许可特性。任何人都可以轻松创建ERC-20代币,通过Uniswap等DEX进行交易,制造交易活动的假象,然后撤走流动性获利。Chainalysis研究总监 Kim Grauer 表示,在不了解更多细节的情况下,无法确定是否真的是恶意或违法,但数据表明了广泛的潜在问题。本文带你一览Chainalysis报告核心要点。

发行代币数量多,但流动性差

在2023年,以太坊链上发行了超37万种代币,其中约16.86万种可在至少一个DEX进行交易。如下图所示,自2022年年中以来,每月发行的代币数量一直在增加,最近的峰值接近每月5万个。

数据来源:Transpose

但并非所有代币都能获得大量的市场关注。在任何一个月里,只有不到14.1%的代币在接下来的一个月内达到了300美元以上的DEX流动性,而在2023年发行的代币中,只有5.7%的代币超过了这一门槛。虽然这一数据比前两年有所增加,但较低的流动性表明,在不对价格造成重大影响的情况下,大多数发行的代币不能轻易与ETH、wETH、USDC、USDT和wBTC等资产进行兑换。

发行的代币中存在“拉高出货”代币

有很多原因可以解释为何未能达到更高的流动性交易量。随着代币化的普及,在竞争激烈的市场中推出新的代币更具挑战性。

然而,有些可能是尝试“拉高出货”。以下是一种代币操作的示例:

某个参与者(或一组参与者)要么推出新的代币,要么购买现有代币的大部分供应量——通常是历史交易量较低的代币。

参与者通常使用社交媒体和Discord和Telegram等,大肆宣传这种代币是“快速致富”的机会。

在社交媒体和Discord和Telegram的持续营销吸引了用户的注意力,导致买入量增加。

参与者还可能从事虚假交易,即同时买入和卖出同一资产,意图伪造其活动水平。

如果成功,代币价格就会上升。

一旦代币达到预期的价格目标,参与者就会平仓获利。

由于抛售压力的增加,代币价格迅速下跌,让许多受害者“背锅”。

如果参与者还是代币的创建者,可能会完全放弃代币项目,带走更多用户的资金,也被称为“rug pull”。但此举并非总是可行,具体取决于治理机制。

有许多标准可以在链上数据中识别“拉高出货”代币。Chainalysis筛选了满足以下三个条件(“标准A”)的ERC-20 代币:

该代币被DEX用户购买了五次或更多次,而与代币的最大持有者没有链上连接,这表明该代币在市场上获得了一定程度的吸引力。

单个地址移除超70%的流动性,表明最大的持有者抛售了代币。在大多数情况下,该地址会在发行后的前几周内就移除流动性。

该代币目前的流动性为300美元或更少,这表明该代币的市场在流动性消除后基本停止。如果代币涉及多个DEX池,Chainalysis会合并流动性。

数据显示,在2023年大约有90,408个代币符合标准A,占2023年以太坊链上所有发行代币的24.4%,以及占上线DEX的代币总量的53.6%。然而,符合标准的代币交易量仅占以太坊链上DEX总交易量的1.3%。

数据来源:Transpose

虽然这种筛选模式并不意味着这些代币都是“拉高出货”,但运营商或监管机构在需要进一步调查可能存在的非法活动时,可能会优先考虑这一筛选模式。

自2023年年中以来,符合标准A的每月新代币数量尽管仍高于2022年,但一直在下降。

参与者获利超2亿美元,但占总交易量比例低

发行符合标准A的代币的参与者在代币暴跌之前获利多少?可以根据与代币发行相关的钱包与DEX流动性池交互并交易的链上数据计算,可使用以下公式:

A = 可能的非法行为者从DEX池中提取的金额

B = 可能的非法行为者存入DEX池的金额

C = 非法行为者用于交易代币的资金,可能是通过洗钱交易

利润 = A–B–C

基于以上公式可以计算出,在不考虑其他成本的情况下,在2023年,发行符合标准A的代币的参与者总共获利约2.416亿美元。

尽管总利润金额很大,但单个代币平均利润为2,672美元,仅占2023年以太坊DEX总交易量的1.3%。这些数据显示,在以太坊生态中,潜在的不良行为者可能会创建数以万计的代币,但其中大多数无法产生可观的利润,也无法吸引有意义的交易量。

某参与者曾创建81种“拉高出货”代币

一些参与者似乎还发行了多个符合标准的代币。这可能是使用相同模式产生更多利润的一种方式。下图为2023年按发行的代币数量排名前20的钱包。

排名第一的钱包地址参与了大多数符合标准A的代币发行。该地址发行了81种不同代币,产生了约83万美元的利润。

Trend Kriptolar

İlgili Okumalar

GPT-5.6 Countdown: Abandon the Illusion of a Single API, Computational Iteration Can't Outpace a Single Page of Compliance

In mid-June, three seemingly independent industry events—the compliance-driven throttling of Fable 5, the open-sourcing of GLM-5.2, and the leaked release timeline for GPT-5.6—are pushing the global AI industry toward a watershed moment. These shifts signal a fundamental restructuring of the industry's underlying logic. First, **"usability" has substantially overtaken "advanced capabilities"** as the primary weight, pushing the global large language model (LLM) supply chain into a "dual-track" phase of controlled closed-source and local open-source coexistence. Second, **the competitive moats of closed-source giants are shifting**. Their technical focus is moving from "language intelligence" toward "spatial intelligence (world models)"—a domain heavily reliant on computing power. Third, faced with常态化 transnational compliance risks, **a "model-agnostic" decoupled design has become a survival necessity for application-layer developers to maintain business continuity.** The article details how Anthropic's Fable 5, despite its advanced engineering feats, was restricted for non-U.S. citizens within 72 hours of launch, highlighting how geopolitical compliance can instantly limit even the most advanced models. In response, the open-source camp, exemplified by Zhipu AI's MIT-licensed GLM-5.2, is gaining market share by offering stable performance improvements and significant cost advantages (up to 70% savings for enterprises), while achieving full adaptation with domestic semiconductor platforms. Meanwhile, closed-source leaders like OpenAI are pivoting. The anticipated GPT-5.6 reportedly shifts focus from language to spatial intelligence and world models, aiming to rebuild a generational gap in areas like 3D understanding, simulation, and industrial design that demand immense compute. The core conclusion is that the LLM supply chain's logic has changed. Enterprises must now evaluate infrastructure based on a composite of technical performance and policy compliance. For developers, complete reliance on a single closed-source API poses unacceptable risk. Implementing a truly model-agnostic architecture—enabling swift switches to compliant, locally deployable open-source alternatives—is no longer just good practice but a fundamental baseline for business continuity.

marsbit2 saat önce

GPT-5.6 Countdown: Abandon the Illusion of a Single API, Computational Iteration Can't Outpace a Single Page of Compliance

marsbit2 saat önce

Is the 'Token Subsidy War' Among AI Giants Almost Over?

The article discusses the ongoing "token subsidy war" among AI giants like OpenAI and Anthropic, questioning whether it's nearing its end. It reveals that current AI subscription prices are heavily subsidized, with some plans offering tokens at up to 70 times the actual cost to attract and retain heavy users, especially developers and enterprises. This strategy mirrors past internet-era subsidy battles, but with a key difference: AI tokens lack "lock-in" effects. Unlike ride-hailing or food delivery apps, users can easily switch between AI providers as APIs become standardized, making it difficult for companies to raise prices post-subsidy. The piece highlights a structural asymmetry in the competition. Giants like Google, with massive advertising revenue, can afford to subsidize tokens indefinitely, akin to using "tokens as a weapon." In contrast, venture-backed companies like OpenAI and Anthropic face pressure to become profitable, especially as they approach IPO. The article cites Google Ventures founder Bill Maris, who suggests Google could slash token prices by 80%, putting immense pressure on competitors. Two potential endgames are presented: the "internet service" model (subsidize, monopolize, then raise prices) and the "utility" model (tokens become a standardized, low-margin commodity like electricity). Given the low switching costs, the latter seems more likely. The competition may not have a single winner but could instead accelerate AI's evolution into a foundational, infrastructure-level technology, akin to a public utility. For now, users continue to benefit from heavily subsidized token costs.

marsbit2 saat önce

Is the 'Token Subsidy War' Among AI Giants Almost Over?

marsbit2 saat önce

Beyond the Stadium: The Profitable Games Surrounding the World Cup

"Beyond the Pitch: The Profit Game Around the World Cup" The FIFA World Cup transcends being a sporting spectacle, evolving into a massive global arena for speculation and profit-seeking. The 2026 tournament has amplified this dynamic, creating a multi-layered ecosystem of financial opportunism alongside the football. **Prediction markets** have surged into the mainstream. Platforms like Polymarket and Kalshi saw trading volumes for World Cup contracts soar, attracting new users with their financial trading model and high-profile, chain-based wealth stories that overshadow traditional sports betting in terms of growth and narrative. However, **traditional sportsbooks** remain the dominant force, leveraging established user habits, legal markets, and comprehensive product offerings to handle the vast majority of speculative wagers, with projections suggesting record-breaking betting volumes. Capital markets also react. **"Concept stocks"** in countries like South Korea and Japan experience volatile price swings based on team performance and anticipated fan spending on items like chicken, beer, and viewing parties, effectively becoming a stock market reflecting fan sentiment. The **ticket resale market** has become a sophisticated arena for arbitrage. Prices fluctuate wildly based on team draws and star power, with sellers sometimes listing tickets they don't yet own in a practice akin to short-selling, while FIFA's own "Right to Buy" tokens add another layer of speculative trading. **Collectibles and merchandise** offer another avenue. Panini sticker albums, with their inherent scarcity and nostalgic value, can become high-value collectibles. Limited-edition or locally themed jerseys command significant premiums on secondary markets, and even counterfeit vendors profit from fans' desire for affordable match-day identity. The **cryptocurrency** space has seen a frenzy of speculative, unauthorized World Cup-themed meme coins on chains like Solana. These tokens, often exploiting team names and player imagery, experience extreme pump-and-dump cycles, creating stories of massive gains for a few early entrants and steep losses for many others. Finally, an entire industry thrives on **providing information and tools** to other speculators. Developers create platforms like SeatSidekick to track ticket inventory and prices, while paid Telegram groups and subscriptions sell betting tips and predictions, monetizing the widespread desire for an informational edge. In essence, the World Cup has become a compressed, global laboratory for speculation. While the games determine champions on the field, a parallel, complex network of financial transactions—spanning prediction contracts, bets, stocks, tickets, collectibles, crypto, and information services—settles its own scores in the global market.

marsbit3 saat önce

Beyond the Stadium: The Profitable Games Surrounding the World Cup

marsbit3 saat önce

İşlemler

Spot
Futures

Popüler Makaleler

UNI Nasıl Satın Alınır

HTX.com’a hoş geldiniz! Uniswap (UNI) satın alma işlemlerini basit ve kullanışlı bir hâle getirdik. Adım adım açıkladığımız rehberimizi takip ederek kripto yolculuğunuza başlayın. 1. Adım: HTX Hesabınızı OluşturunHTX'te ücretsiz bir hesap açmak için e-posta adresinizi veya telefon numaranızı kullanın. Sorunsuzca kaydolun ve tüm özelliklerin kilidini açın. Hesabımı Aç2. Adım: Kripto Satın Al Bölümüne Gidin ve Ödeme Yönteminizi SeçinKredi/Banka Kartı: Visa veya Mastercard'ınızı kullanarak anında Uniswap (UNI) satın alın.Bakiye: Sorunsuz bir şekilde işlem yapmak için HTX hesap bakiyenizdeki fonları kullanın.Üçüncü Taraflar: Kullanımı kolaylaştırmak için Google Pay ve Apple Pay gibi popüler ödeme yöntemlerini ekledik.P2P: HTX'teki diğer kullanıcılarla doğrudan işlem yapın.Borsa Dışı (OTC): Yatırımcılar için kişiye özel hizmetler ve rekabetçi döviz kurları sunuyoruz.3. Adım: Uniswap (UNI) Varlıklarınızı SaklayınUniswap (UNI) satın aldıktan sonra HTX hesabınızda saklayın. Alternatif olarak, blok zinciri transferi yoluyla başka bir yere gönderebilir veya diğer kripto para birimlerini takas etmek için kullanabilirsiniz.4. Adım: Uniswap (UNI) Varlıklarınızla İşlem YapınHTX'in spot piyasasında Uniswap (UNI) ile kolayca işlemler yapın.Hesabınıza erişin, işlem çiftinizi seçin, işlemlerinizi gerçekleştirin ve gerçek zamanlı olarak izleyin. Hem yeni başlayanlar hem de deneyimli yatırımcılar için kullanıcı dostu bir deneyim sunuyoruz.

423 Toplam GörüntülenmeYayınlanma 2024.12.12Güncellenme 2026.06.02

UNI Nasıl Satın Alınır

Tartışmalar

HTX Topluluğuna hoş geldiniz. Burada, en son platform gelişmeleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olabilir ve profesyonel piyasa görüşlerine erişebilirsiniz. Kullanıcıların UNI (UNI) fiyatı hakkındaki görüşleri aşağıda sunulmaktadır.

活动图片