铭文禁用风波落定:Luke Dashjr提案被否决,争议何去何从?

Odaily星球日报2024-01-13 tarihinde yayınlandı2024-01-13 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

禁用铭文的可能性有多大?这场博弈是否带来了新的发展机遇?

铭文禁用风波落定:Luke Dashjr提案被否决,争议何去何从?

1 月 7 日,Bitcoin Core 客户端开发者 Luke Dashjr 发起的提案「datacarriersize: Match more datacarrying #28408 」在经过多位 Bitcoin Core 开发者讨论后被否决。该提案由 Luke Dashjr 于 2023 年 9 月提出,主要目标是更新 Bitcoin Core 软件,使其能够有效使用更新的数据携带方式以限制铭文的发展。

阅读该提案的多条评论后,ChainFeeds 对支持者和反对者的观点进行了整理总结,其中支持者们主要强调了当前比特币网络面临的拥堵问题,尤其是铭文交易导致的内存池状态糟糕和垃圾交易数量的不断增加。反对者则认为该提案并不能有效解决垃圾邮件问题,因为矿工由于收入问题不太可能采取该策略。此外,争议还涉及到提案实施的复杂性和可能带来的代码复杂性。

支持者们

支持者们认为该提案与铭文本身无关,而是与其造成的网络拥堵有关。比特币节点 Léo Haf 指出,「当前内存池状态非常糟糕,垃圾邮件交易数量已超 20 万,且似乎该数字还在上涨。这些垃圾交易已经严重妨碍了比特币的实际应用。」铭文利用的安全问题也是支持者们的主要论点,这一漏洞不仅会导致费用增加和交易处理时间延长,还可能成为 DDoS 攻击的潜在载体。此外,网络的去中心化程度也会受到影响,计算资源较少的节点可能难以满足日益增长的需求,从而导致网络拓扑结构更加中心化。另一个令人担忧的趋势是,如果比特币链上继续存储过多和过大的数据,很可能在某一时刻后,大部分区块文件只会包含无穷无尽的 BRC-20 json 数据。

而从网络参与者角度来看,首先,用户在拥有一定数量比特币的同时却面临着高昂的费用,这实质上是阻止了其对网络的正常访问。其次,对于节点而言,这些交易增加了节点的运行成本,但对比特币本身而言并没有任何附加值。最后,对于小型矿工而言铭文也没有任何益处,因为对这些交易的审查只会鼓励私人内存池的发展。

另一方面,支持者们还主张这个提案只是对 OP_RETURN 中的数据携带量进行了限制,而这一直是 -datacarriersize 的「意图」。支持者 wizkid 057 表示,「垃圾邮件在代码不同层面上进行过滤已经持续了十多年,该 PR 所做的只是将现有的 datacarriersize 限制应用于另一种形式的数据传输。」

反对者们

反对者们则坚信该提案并不能有效解决垃圾邮件问题。首先,矿工不太可能会采取该策略,因为使用该 PR 更新版本的 Bitcoin Core 矿工将会损失一笔可观的费用。Ordinals 创始人 Casey Rodarmor 指出,过去十个月里,铭文交易至少产生了超 1 亿美元的交易费。

比特币开发者 Sjors Provoost 强调,「如果只有 Ocean Pool 使用该 PR,那么它对整个系统不会产生任何影响。而如果被广泛采用,规避将变得轻而易举,并会导致代码更加复杂。」

Bitcoin Optech 贡献者 Murch 则认为,尽管铭文很愚蠢,但与在区块链中嵌入数据的其他方式相比,铭文对见证区域的使用造成的负面影响较少。但存在一个问题,该 PR 的补丁并不能阻止铭文中继运行,铭文的支持者仍可以通过确保网络上的一小部分节点不过滤铭文来维持中继运行。而且选择过滤铭文的矿工收入会减少,最终运行该补丁的矿工仍会处理包括铭文在内的区块。因此他觉得该 PR 的改变害大于利。

当然,能否可以编写代码来检测嵌入数据也成为了一个重要的争论点。Blockstream 开发人员 Lisa Neigut 表示,通过增加过滤器将 Ordinals 交易排除于比特币之外是一个相当复杂的方法。

最终,Bitcoin Core 开发者 Ava Chow 关闭了这份 PR,并表示在目前情况下,该提案很难得出一个让所有人都满意的结论,因此没有继续讨论的必要了。Luke Dashjr 从去年 11 月就开始抨击铭文, 但事实上,他对于铭文的负面看法主要源于对比特币主网潜在风险的担忧,并非要完全铲除铭文。提案也能看出,Luke Dashjr 的预期是大部分节点遵守该 PR,并不排斥有矿池愿意打包铭文数据,虽然会给用户体验带来一些不便,但这同时也可能会催生一些比特币 Layer 2 的发展机遇。

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