穿越 Terra 的废墟,悄摸暴涨的 Kujira 是 Cosmos 的新晋黑马么?

foresightnews2023-11-13 tarihinde yayınlandı2023-11-14 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

老本难啃,新饭难做,Kujira 也算穿越 Terra 的废墟,在 Cosmos 打出了自己的一片天。

老本难啃,新饭难做,Kujira 也算穿越 Terra 的废墟,在 Cosmos 打出了自己的一片天。

 

撰文:Frank,Foresight News

 

Cosmos 宇宙近来似乎在逐步走出水逆期,像 RUNE、INJ、TIA 等明星项目均在二级市场上表现亮眼,吸引了不少人的目光,与此同时,另一个少有人耳闻的 Cosmos 生态项目也「以涨服人」,悄摸摸地浮出水面。

 

DeFillama 数据显示,Kujira 生态的 TVL 自 9 月以来增长逾五倍,两个多月即从 1600 万美元附近狂飙至 8800 万美元左右,速度堪称惊人,而其代币 KUJI 也在三个月内涨幅近 400%,俨然有黑马之姿。

 

 

其实,如果细究 Kujira 的「前世今生」,会发现它在短短一年半的时间,穿越了 Terra 崩塌的废墟,并成长为 Cosmos 生态的黑马新秀,堪称加密世界的「重生文典范」。

 

从 Anchor 清算协议,到 Layer1 金融公链

 

我们有必要先来简单回顾一下 Kujira 的发展历程,其中 2022 年 5 月 11 日则是它绕不过的一个关键转折点。

 

在 2022 年 5 月份 Terra 崩溃之前,Kujira 的定位是 Terra 上的抵押品清算协议,本质上就是面向 Anchor 借贷提供低于清算价的限价订单:

 

任何想要买入 LUNA 的用户可以通过 Kujira 在清算期间对任何形式的抵押品进行竞标,从而买入打折的 LUNA,这样既可以让用户获得折价的 LUNA,同时也能够提高清算效率,并避免出现连环下跌的极端情况。

 

但 Terra 的猝然崩溃,改变 Kujira 原有的发展规划,迫使其于 2022 年 5 月 11 日 Kujira 开始转向,计划借助 Cosmos 生态和 Cosmos SDK 构建一条 Layer1 链,以快速重启并运行。

 

该链也于 2022 年 7 月 4 日上线,当时团队对在 Terra 上仍持有 KUJI 的地址进行了快照分发,而转向 Cosmos 宇宙之后,按官方描述,Kujira 的定位是一个「实现真正收益的区块链」:

 

为寻求可持续金融科技的协议、开发者和 Web3 用户提供去中心化生态系统。

 

Kujira 的生态矩阵

 

按照官方统计,截至 11 月 14 日,Kujira 的生态矩阵目前包含 22 个协议 / 产品,囊括抵押品清算、DEX(保证金交易、限价单等)、流动性收益耕作、借贷市场、Launchpad、钱包、策略交易、OTC 交易、P2P 交易、NFT 交易市场、LST、链上 ETF 等多条赛道(下文只介绍其中的主要协议产品)。

 

但 Kujira 的核心还是围绕「交易&收益」展开的 L1 金融公链,除了项目团队推出的 Blue、FIN 和 Orca 等关键协议外,生态内的其他协议 / 产品可以利用 Kujira 的多链去中心化交易流动性作为基础设施,来启动自己的服务,从而实现可组合性。

 

其实如果对比会发现,这种产品架构与生态发展思路,和同样基于 Cosmos 开发的 Injective 乃至曾经的 Terra 生态,有颇多相似之处,也从侧面印证 Cosmos 在应用链生态开发方面的一贯优势。

 

来源:Crypto, Distilled


Blue

 

Blue 是 Kujira 生态的核心基础设施之一,可用于管理代币、质押、投票、兑换,同时 Blue 的 IBC 功能也是将资产跨 Cosmos 生态系统流动的关键桥梁

 

其中 KUJI 持有者可以在 Blue 质押代币、领取奖励、委托给验证者、对治理进行投票,以及将代币在 IBC 链间进行跨链转移。

 

此外 Blue 也可用于抵押铸造 Kujira 生态的超额抵押稳定币的 USK(详见下文)。

 

Orca

 

Orca 则和 2022 年 5 月前 Kujiira 的理念一脉相承,是一个清算抵押品的公共拍卖市场,允许任何人竞标待清算的抵押品。

 

FIN

 

FIN 是 Kujira 生态中的去中心化交易所,同时提供订单簿、Swap 和保证金交易。

 

BOW

 

BOW 是一个自动做市商,允许用户通过提供流动性获利,而 FIN 则可以获得更深的流动性。

 

其中流动性提供者从交易中赚取部分费用,并且可以在质押其 LP 代币时获得第三方提供的额外奖励。

 

GHOST

 

GHOST 则是一个功能齐全的货币市场,用户可以使用各种金融工具进行借贷,且用户可以具有竞争力的利率赚取利息,并支持获得短期借贷资金。

 

SONAR

 

SONAR 是 Kujira 生态的手机端钱包应用,允许用户直接通过手机进行支付、交易、质押和投票。

 

PILOT

 

PILOT 是由 Kujira 和 Fuzion 合作构建的 Launchpad 平台,它使用基于 Orca 投标流程的销售方法,以使所有人都能平等地参与,为所有用户提供一个公平的机会。

 

从这个角度看,Blue、Orca、FIN 确实是 Kujira 生态的基础设施,实现整个生态底层围绕(清算)资产交易&流动性的跨链流动

 

Blue 为用户提供跨链和代币管理服务,使用户可以通过 FIN 限价订单簿等交易功能,将在 Orca 上竞标获得的资产兑换为稳定币或其他 Cosmos 资产,实现 Kujira 与 Cosmos 宇宙的流动性闭环。

 

而 BOW、GHOST 等则是进一步为该流程提供更好的流动性或交易组合功能,从而搭配形成一条完善且闭环的流动性处理链条,并通过 IBC 串联起整个 Cosmos 宇宙和 IBC 资产,并将所有产品 / 协议的收入流都收束到 Kujira 中。

 

有什么值得关注的积极因素?

 

这部分我们按图索骥,既然 KUJI 的表现如此亮眼,那最近 Kujira 是否有哪些值得关注的积极因素发生?

 

USK 的采用加速

 

USK 是 Kujira 生态超额抵押的美元稳定币(类似于 DAI),目前支持的抵押品包括 ATOM、stATOM、wBTC、wETH、wstETH、wAVAX、wBNB、INJ、DOT、LUNA 等加密资产。

 

从今年 9 月中旬以来,USK 的流通供应量一路上涨,从 172 万美元山接近翻了一番,截至 11 月 14 日达到约 325 万美元。

 

 

不过实话实说,目前 USK 仅仅 325 万枚左右的总流通供应量,体量仍然极小,在整个稳定币赛道中几乎可以忽略不记。

 

可能也正因如此,按 CoinGecko 统计数据来看,USK 的锚定情况并不十分稳定,近三个月来在 0.98-1.04 美元的区间宽幅震荡

 

此外,抵押品中,除了 BTC、ETH 的封装资产外(100 万枚左右),ATOM 及其它 IBC 资产的铸造比例无疑占据大头(80 万枚左右),从赋能角度来讲的话,这也有助于 ATOM 作为去捕获 Cosmos 生态 DeFi 协议的拓展价值。

 

当然,这需要 USK 不仅成为 Kujira 生态的核心,也要延申成为 Cosmos 宇宙的通用货币之一:

 

譬如用户可先铸造 USK,并在 ORCA 上对清算抵押品进行竞标,再将竞标所得资产在 FIN 上兑换为流动性,进而支持跨链至其它 IBC 网络,或从其它 IBC 网络跨过来进行清算套利。

 

这样与其他的交易&流动性产品 / 协议进行多重组合,也可以借助稳定币等交易使用场景,产生虹吸效应,将 Kujira 打造成 Cosmos 的交易&流动性节点之一

 

代币全流通与高质押率

 

此外,代币经济学方面,2023 年 11 月 9 日 Kujira 解锁了最后一批已归属的 KUJI 代币,这也意味着大约 1.22 亿枚总量的 KUJI 代币现在全部实现流通

 

 

这在高通胀遍地的 Cosmos 生态中也是罕见情况,因此从二级市场供需角度确实打消了 KUJI 代币后续的潜在抛压可能。

 

与此同时,由于 KUJI 的代币经济学允许 KUJI 质押者获得 100% 的协议费用,因此 KUJI 质押率一直在走高,目前超过 50% 的 KUJI 被质押(约 6430 万枚)

 

 

不过需要注意的是,目前 KUJI 的交易所交易对近乎于无——暂未任何上线头部、二线交易所,流动性主要集中在链上与生态内部,注意风险

 

小结

 

如今回过头看,2022 年 5 月 Terra 崩溃所带来的次生灾害,对原本想在 Terra 中基于 UST 构建金融协议的开发者来说,至今仍未消散,不少项目都先后陷入困顿甚至中止开发。

 

而除了随后选择继续留守 Terra 2.0 的项目,其中也不乏像 Stader、Mars、Kujira 等开始积极自救,对不少项目来说,近水楼台先得月的 Cosmos 自然成了最佳的迁移选择。

 

但老本难啃,新饭难做,如今一年半过去,也只有 Kujira 这样在 Cosmos 暂时趟出了自己的一条路。

 

总的来看,如今 Kujira 有自己的超额质押稳定币(USK),有一套较为成熟的交易&流动性基础设施,并正在努力成为 Cosmos 宇宙的主要流动性节点,也算从 Terra 的泥潭中走了出来,属实不易。

 

只要倒不下,就能站得起来,Kujira 打了一个很好的样,也希望有更多的原 Terra 生态项目能够走出泥潭,迎来新的发展阶段。

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