存储芯片狂飙之后:美光与闪迪,分析师更看好谁?

marsbit2026-05-06 tarihinde yayınlandı2026-05-06 tarihinde güncellendi

原文标题:Micron Stock vs. Sandisk Stock: One Is a Much Better Buy, According to a Wall Street Analyst

原文作者:Trevor Jennewine,The Motley Foo

原文编译:Peggy,BlockBeats

编者按:美股存储板块正在成为 AI 交易的最新主角。

本周,美光、闪迪等存储芯片公司股价继续大涨。美光单日涨幅约 11%,市值首次突破 7000 亿美元;闪迪涨幅约 12%,自从 2025 年从西部数据分拆以来,市值也已升至 2000 亿美元以上。过去一年,市场对 AI 的定价重心正在从 GPU、云厂商和大模型公司,进一步扩散到更底层的存储供应链。

这轮上涨背后,并不只是「AI 概念」的外溢,而是数据中心架构本身正在发生变化。AI 训练和推理需要更高速度、更大容量、更低延迟的存储体系:HBM 负责以极快速度向 GPU 输送数据和模型,NAND SSD 则承担训练数据、模型文件和推理调用过程中的存储支撑。当算力竞争进入系统工程阶段,存储不再只是半导体产业链里的周期性配套产品,而是影响 AI 基础设施效率、成本和可扩展性的关键环节。

本文聚焦的美光与闪迪,正对应了这条存储链条中的两个重要位置。美光的核心看点在于 DRAM 与 HBM,尤其是在 AI 服务器中承担高带宽数据传输角色;闪迪的优势则集中在 NAND 闪存与企业级 SSD,并通过与铠侠的合作获得成本竞争力。闪迪正在推进的高带宽闪存 HBF,也反映出存储厂商试图解决 GPU 速度与存储带宽不匹配的问题。

但更值得关注的,不是这两家公司股价已经涨了多少,而是资本市场正在重新理解「存储」的价值。过去,存储芯片行业高度周期化,价格上涨往往意味着未来供应扩张和价格回落;但在 AI 需求持续扩张的背景下,投资者开始押注这一轮周期可能被拉长,甚至部分改变传统的供需波动逻辑。IDC 最新报告也提出,AI 需求可能让存储芯片市场进入一个不同于以往的阶段。

当然,风险同样清晰。存储行业的历史规律从未消失:今天的短缺,可能在产能扩张后变成明天的过剩。一旦 DRAM、NAND 价格回落,美光和闪迪的盈利弹性也会反向放大。因此,本文真正讨论的不是「AI 存储股还能涨多少」,而是投资者如何在 AI 基础设施重估与半导体周期之间,分辨哪些增长来自真实需求,哪些已经提前反映在股价里。

这也是当前存储板块的核心矛盾。AI 正在把存储芯片推向战略资产的位置,但这门生意仍然无法完全摆脱周期。美光和闪迪的上涨,既是 AI 基础设施扩张的结果,也是市场对「存储超级周期」的一次集中押注。

以下为原文:

人工智能(AI)的快速普及,极大推动了存储芯片制造商美光科技(Micron Technology,MU,+10.95%)和闪迪(Sandisk,SNDK,+11.98%)的增长。过去一年,两家公司的股价分别上涨了 571% 和 3,350%。

尽管股价已经大幅上涨,Cantor Fitzgerald 分析师 CJ Muse 仍认为,这两只股票目前依然被低估。不过,从他的目标价来看,闪迪在当前时点似乎是更具吸引力的投资标的。

·Muse 将美光的目标价定为每股 700 美元,相较当前 542 美元的股价,意味着还有 29% 的上涨空间。

·Muse 将闪迪的目标价定为每股 1,800 美元,相较当前 1,187 美元的股价,意味着还有 52% 的上涨空间。

以下是投资者需要了解的这两只半导体股票。

美光科技:隐含 29% 上涨空间

美光科技主要为智能手机、个人电脑、汽车系统和数据中心生产存储芯片与存储产品。根据 Counterpoint Research 的数据,美光是全球第三大 DRAM 存储供应商,其产品包括高带宽存储器(HBM)以及 NAND 闪存。

针对人工智能优化的数据中心,对存储的需求远高于传统数据中心。旺盛到近乎「供不应求」的需求,已经导致整个行业出现前所未有的供应短缺。据《华尔街日报》报道,过去一年,DRAM 和 NAND 的合约价格上涨了约七倍。

美光第二季度财报表现亮眼。公司营收增长 196%,达到 238 亿美元;非 GAAP(调整后)净利润增长 682%,摊薄后每股收益达到 12.20 美元。CEO Sanjay Mehrotra 表示:「AI 不只是推高了对存储的需求,它更从根本上重塑了存储的角色,使其成为 AI 时代具有决定性意义的战略资产。」

投资者有理由保持乐观。HBM 能以极快速度向 GPU 传输数据和模型,因此对 AI 工作负载至关重要。过去一年,美光在 HBM 市场的份额提升了 12 个百分点,而且公司很可能继续扩大份额,因为其 HBM3E 是目前市场上速度最快、容量最高的 HBM 产品。

不过需要提醒的是,存储芯片销售向来具有明显的周期性。当前行业正处于上行周期,但历史经验表明,供应短缺最终往往会转变为供应过剩。届时,存储价格以及美光的盈利大概率都会下滑。华尔街预计,这一趋势可能会在 2029 财年左右发生逆转,但实际上,没有人能准确判断当前周期会在何时见顶。

根据华尔街一致预期,美光调整后每股收益将在截至 2029 财年的几年里以年均 13% 的速度增长。以此来看,当前 25 倍市盈率的估值显得略贵。我认为,投资者在买入美光股票前,最好等待更好的入场点;或者至少应将新增仓位控制在相对较小的规模。

闪迪:隐含 52% 上涨空间

闪迪主要开发基于 NAND 闪存的存储设备。其产品组合包括面向移动设备、游戏主机和汽车系统的外置及嵌入式闪存盘,也包括面向数据中心的企业级固态硬盘(SSD)。

基于 NAND 的 SSD,是支撑 AI 工作负载所需存储层级中的重要一环。它们负责存储训练数据和模型,直到这些数据被加载进 HBM。闪迪正在 NAND 存储市场提升份额,部分原因在于其与日本制造商铠侠(Kioxia)成立的合资企业。该合作使闪迪能够获得低成本晶圆,从而在价格上保持竞争力。

闪迪公布了令人瞩目的 2026 财年第三季度财务业绩(截至 3 月)。在数据中心存储解决方案需求尤为强劲的推动下,公司营收增长 251%,达到 59 亿美元;非 GAAP 净利润增至摊薄后每股 23.41 美元,而去年同期为摊薄后每股亏损 0.30 美元。

CEO David Goeckeler 表示:「NAND 闪存正逐渐成为唯一具备经济可行性的解决方案,能够提供大规模实时推理所需的容量、性能和效率,让模型保持可访问状态。而市场对我们技术关键性的重新认识,恰好发生在我们产品差异化优势最强的阶段。」

闪迪正在设计一种新型 NAND,名为高带宽闪存(HBF),以弥合 GPU 速度与存储带宽之间的性能差距。HBF 将能更快地把数据和模型加载进 HBM。闪迪于去年宣布了这项技术,并计划在今年下半年开始提供 HBF 存储样品。

华尔街预计,闪迪调整后盈利将在 2028 财年前快速增长,随后在 2029 财年大幅下滑。即便如此,一致预期仍显示,在这一期间,公司盈利将以年均 25% 的速度增长。以此来看,目前 38 倍调整后市盈率的估值仍属合理。我认为,CJ Muse 认为闪迪在当前价格下是更优买入选择,这一判断是有道理的。

美光科技是创造代际财富的机会吗?

在买入美光科技股票之前,不妨先考虑这一点:The Motley Fool Stock Advisor 分析师团队刚刚筛选出他们认为当前最值得投资者买入的 10 只股票,而美光科技并不在其中。代际财富很少建立在某一只热门股票的押注之上,而更多来自一个具备韧性、足够分散、能够在数十年里持续复利增长的投资组合。如果你的目标是真正追求代际财富,那么你会想看看我们的分析师认为当下最值得买入的 10 只股票。

回顾历史,Netflix 曾在 2004 年 12 月 17 日进入这份名单。如果你在当时根据我们的推荐投资 1,000 美元,如今将变成 490,864 美元。又比如,英伟达曾在 2005 年 4 月 15 日进入这份名单。如果你当时投资 1,000 美元,如今将变成 1,216,789 美元。这正是挑选少数具备长期潜力的赢家,并让时间发挥复利作用的力量。

截至目前,Stock Advisor 的总平均回报率为 963%,显著跑赢标普 500 指数同期 201% 的回报。如果你的目标是开始构建真正的代际财富,不要错过 Stock Advisor 最新发布的十大股票名单,并向打造一个不仅能惠及你本人、也能惠及家人多年的投资组合迈出下一步。

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