资本狂欢过后 Aptos如何顶住旧日光环?

蜂巢TechPublicado em 2022-10-28Última atualização em 2022-10-28

Resumo

10月27日,Aptos Autumn主网上线一周后,其浏览器数据显示,该Layer1网络的交易总量为1432万笔,TPS为10.65。

10月27日,Aptos Autumn主网上线一周后,其浏览器数据显示,该Layer1网络的交易总量为1432万笔,TPS为10.65,原生Token APT总供应量约为10.02亿,质押数量约为8.23亿枚,活跃节点数量102个。

低TPS、高质押量曾引起质疑。10月18日,加密业投资机构Paradigm的工程师@ParadigmEng420 在推特上称, Aptos未达到最终承诺的10万TPS,原生Token总供应量超10亿、质押量为8.2亿,意味着超过80%的APT供应由团队和投资者控制。他据此提醒二级市场注意抛压风险。

对此,Aptos生态方表示,由于目前生态项目均未上线部署,用户无法参与生态,ATP也未开始在链上交易,导致实时TPS低。

确实,Aptos链上已有生态建设,但是多数仍处于测试阶段,还未向用户开放。而Web3用户在链上参与交互,一个重要的前提是需要手里有ATP作为Gas、作质押标的、作交易对手。于是,Aptos开张就砍出了「三板斧」:上线主网、发行并空投APT。

10月19日,在Aptos上线主网的第二天,基金会宣布空投2007.6万APT给早期参与测试网的11万个钱包地址。加密资产交易平台快速承接市场流动,上线了ATP的交易对。APT以100美元开盘,最终保持在10美元上下。

主网也发布了,Token无论集中与否,也都进入了一二级市场,Aptos的资本市场狂欢暂落帷幕,接下来将进入检验真功夫的时期,市场也在观察它能否撑得起那些旧日光环。

要知道,Aptos的核心开发成员多来自原Facebook超主权数字货币系统Diem(原名Libra)团队,它以Move编程语言构建,号称高性能、可扩展、更安全,立下要10万级别的TPS「满足互联网数十亿用户需求」的Flag。声名、能力与愿景吸引了接近4亿美元的融资,a16z、 Multicoin Capital、Coinbase Ventures、Binance Labs、 FTX Ventures等知名加密机构均是资方。

豪华的团队和大规模的资金助阵,到底能长出什么样的Web3生态,具体应用成为考察指标。截止目前,Aptos链上应用集中在跨链、流动性、加密交易、域名和NFT等场景中。本期Web3蜂窝将带你一览Aptos链上的应用「课代表」。

原生跨链桥Mover Bridge

Mover是Aptos生态内的原生跨链桥,构建于今年8月,旨在成为兼容以太坊虚拟机EVM类区块链网络和Aptos之间的第一座资产流通之桥。其实,Mover桥不仅支持EVM区块链之间的资产跨链,还支持与非EVM区块链执行跨链消息的传递。

资产通过Mover跨链的方式主要有两种实现形式,流动性资产池和1:1映射。这也是目前跨链桥的主流思路。流动性资产池的方式下,池内的一边是源链资产,另一边是由官方桥发行好的目标链资产,用户在资金池交换即完成资产跨链流转。1:1映射的方式是将原生资产锁定在源链上,然后在目标链上1:1生成原生资产的映射,实现资产跨链。

Mover测试产品页面

Mover产品页面目前显示了4个功能:资产转移——从Aptos链和其它区块链网络之间转移资产;资金池功能——以奖励激励用户在Mover上为跨链资金池提供流动性;一键转化功能——支持单一资产与LP资金对的相互转化;锁仓功能——支持质押Mover原生资产获取奖励。

需要注意的是,Mover目前处于测试阶段,暂未上线主网,目前只有白名单用户可以参与测试和交互,产品最终形态还未确定。

流动性质押协议Tortuga Finance

Tortuga Finance(简称Tortuga)是Aptos生态内的流动性质押平台,业务类似于以太坊生态内的Lido,旨在帮助节点或用户实现APT的链上质押,同时释放APT的流动性,提高用户的资产利用率。

「质押」是权益证明(PoS)机制的区块链正常运转的关键,Aptos同样采用了PoS机制,验证节点需要质押APT获得验证资格,以保障Aptos网络的出块稳定和安全,节点们可以获得出块奖励APT。

在Aptos获得节点质押奖励的门槛比以太坊更高。目前,Aptos官方还没有公布普通用户的质押渠道,如果用户想成为验证节点,需要质押至少100万APT,价值目前超900万美元。因此,集散为整的思路开始出现。

用户在Tortuga质押APT后,平台自动将这些APT匹配给验证节点,质押用户1:1获得质押凭证tAPT,持有tAPT可以参与Aptos链上的借贷、DEX等DeFi应用。此外,用户可以将tAPT兑换为APT,以这种方式解除质押。

Tortuga质押数据

Tortuga介绍,目前,用户在平台上质押APT没有任何费用,只有质押用户在平台解除tAPT质押资产时才会收取费用。目前,在Tortuga质押APT的年化收益率为7%,APT在该平台的锁仓数量为33.37万。

一站式交易应用LiquidSwap

LiquidSwap是Aptos链上的自动化做市商(AMM)机制的去中心化交易应用(DEX),支持Aptos生态内原生资产的兑换和交易。

与大多数DEX一样,Liquidswap主要有两类用户:流动性提供者和交易者。流动性提供者可以创建资金池并为它们提供流动性,以便交易者执行交易,或获得交易手续费分成。交易者进行资产兑换,每次交易需要向流动性提供者支付费用,每笔交易费用为0.3%。

在产品功能上,Liquidswap嵌入了跨链桥,支持以太坊、雪崩协议、币安智能链等区块链网络资产与Aptos的互通;此外,它支持LP资产与单一Token资产进行一键兑换,省去了用户组合LP资产时复杂的计算过程。

Liquidswap背后的区块链产品开发工作室还研发了适配Aptos网络的加密钱包,方便用户发送和接收Aptos网络的加密资产、连接DApp交互。该团队表示,将基于Aptos开发一系列基础设施,帮助开发者过渡到使用Move语言上。针对开发者,Pontem未来会提供一些列开发工具套件,为开发者简化开发过程。

稳定币Move Dollar(MOD)

Move Dollar是Thala Labs计划在Aptos区块链构建的超额抵押式去中心化稳定币。要知道,稳定币已经成为DeFi市场中必不可少的基础资产,但面临着迄今为止尚未解决的三难困境:挂钩资产的稳定性、去中心化和资本效率。现有的去中心化稳定币仅解决了两个或其中一个问题,Thala Labs希望MOD能解决所有。

MOD由一篮子链上资产支持,抵押品非常多样化,包括流动性抵押衍生品、LP资产、质押凭证、链上存款凭证等链上资产。它试图通过资产的多样化来实现稳定币的去中心化、抗审性,并打算通过货币政策杠杆(例如利率)来改变抵押品的比率,以优化资本使用效率。

基于MOD,Thala Labs计划构建一系列协同和集成产品,支持Aptos的DeFi生态。10月26日,Thala宣布获得了600万美元的种子轮融资,资方包括Shima Capital、White Star Capital 和Parafi Capital等,所筹资金将用于在Aptos上构建DeFi套件。

需要注意的是,目前, MOD稳定币并未正式上线,官网仅有MOD的简单介绍,Thala Labs到底能否实现目标,还有待MOD的正式面世。

NFT交易市场Topaz

Topaz是Aptos原生的NFT交易应用,支持用户创建和交易NFT,界面类似OpenSea。Topaz主要面向NFT创作者和交易用户两大群体。10月27日,Topaz官方信息显示,24小时交易量为240万美元。

域名服务平台Aptos Names

Aptos Names(简称ANS)是由Aptos Labs官方团队支持的去中心化域名服务平台,Aptos Names已于10月19日在Aptos主网正式上线,支持用户注册以「.apt」结尾的域名。

Aptos Names已经开放3位及以上字符的域名注册,支持拉丁字符、数字和连字符等。不过,目前该平台仅允许用户注册1年以内租期的域名,未来才会启用更长时间的期限。在费用方面,三字符域名的1年租金为80 APT(约为800美元左右),四字符为40 APT,5字符为20 APT,6字符及以上为5 APT。

用户注册域名后,可以用「.apt」结尾的域名作为他们的Aptos钱包地址,标记自己在Aptos生态系统中的链上身份,便于与应用及其他用户识别。

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