首尔反对派法案提议到2030年对加密货币征收22%的税

cryptonews.ruPublicado em 2026-08-10Última atualização em 2026-08-10

Resumo

韩国反对党议员提出,将加密货币收益税的实施时间从原计划的2027年1月1日推迟至2030年1月1日。此举与政府坚持按计划在2027年开始征税的立场相冲突。 该提案由最大在野党“国民力量”的议员郑成国提出,旨在修订《所得税法》,以推迟征税生效日期。郑成国认为,立法者和税务机构需要更多时间完善虚拟资产税制、加强投资者保护并建立公平的征税系统。 根据计划中的税制,出售或出借比特币等加密货币的收益将被视为“其他所得”,适用22%的税率(含20%国家所得税和2%地方税)。年度收益超过250万韩元(约合1800美元)的部分才需纳税,亏损不得结转抵扣。 对此,韩国经济副总理兼企划财政部长官秋庆镐重申,政府将按计划从2027年起征税。他举例说明,若年度比特币收益为500万韩元,扣除免税额后,剩余250万韩元需缴纳55万韩元税款。 另有反对党议员在3月提交法案,要求完全取消加密货币收益税,认为目前对股票收益免税而对加密货币征税存在公平性问题。秋庆镐回应称,美、日、英等国均对加密货币征收资本利得税,但韩国尚无此类税制。 此前,韩国国会已多次推迟加密货币征税日期。目前,韩国国税厅已成立数字资产专项部门,并计划根据OECD的加密资产报告框架,从明年起自动交换跨国加密资产涉税信息。

韩国一位反对派议员提议,将对加密货币收益征收的22%的税收,推迟到2030年1月1日开始实施,这比现行税收生效日期晚了三年。

这与刚刚确认计划在2027年开始对加密货币征税的政府产生了冲突。约有1300万韩国人买卖加密货币,他们需要为超过250万韩元(约合1800美元)的年利润纳税。

郑成国的修正案将加密货币征税推迟至2030年

该法案由反对党“国民力量党”议员郑成国提出。郑成国计划修改《所得税法》,以保留相关税收条款,但将法律生效日期从2027年1月1日推迟至2030年1月1日。

他主张,立法者和税务机关还需要三年的时间来完成对虚拟资产税收制度的修订、加强对投资者的保护,以及建立对加密货币进行公平征税所必需的系统。

他声称,按期启动的法定期限并不能成为开始征税的理由。首先,纳税人需要一个能够接受的系统。

该提议是在韩国经济财政部完成2026年税制改革方案的制定、并排除对加密货币的进一步延迟之后不到一周提出的。

兼任副总理的财政部长官秋庆镐,于7月29日在国会财政经济委员会会议上明确阐述了政府的立场。他说:“就目前而言,我们将按计划继续推进,从明年开始征税。”

韩国设定22%的加密货币升值税上限

在这项计划于2027年实施的制度下,出售或出借比特币和以太坊等加密货币所得的收入被视为“其他收入”。

22%的税率包括20%的国家所得税和2%的地方税。只有在年收入超过250万韩元的免税额度时才适用。

财政部举了一个每年通过比特币赚取500万韩元的交易者的例子。如果扣除250万韩元的税收减免,剩余的250万韩元需缴纳55万韩元的税款。2027年获得的收入需在2028年5月申报。

由于加密货币收入被归类为其他收入,亏损不能结转,因此交易者若在一年亏损,而在次年盈利,仍需为所得利润纳税。

秋庆镐对此回应称,股票交易的亏损也不能结转,并补充说,政府将在税收生效后根据需要重新考虑这一问题。

“国民力量党”议员孙恩硕于3月19日提出的另一项法案,则旨在完全废除加密货币所得税条款。

该党将取消征税视为公平性问题,声称对加密货币利润征税,而对普通股票利润实际上不征税,意味着对两个投资市场的区别对待。

秋庆镐指出,在美国、日本和英国,加密货币作为资本利得征税,但韩国没有这样的资本利得税制度。

首尔的立法者们已经批准了加密货币税收条款,最初将生效日期定在2022年,随后推迟到2023年、2025年,最终定为2027年。

韩国国税厅已成立专门的数字资产部门。根据经合组织(OECD)的加密资产报告框架,韩国将从明年开始接收其居民在参与管辖区内的境外加密资产活动数据。

日本、德国和法国是参与该计划的48个管辖区中的成员。

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Perguntas relacionadas

Q韩国反对党提议将加密货币收益税的征收时间推迟到哪一年?

A韩国反对党议员提议将加密货币收益税的征收时间从目前的2027年1月1日,推迟到2030年1月1日。

Q根据当前(2027年起征)的计划,韩国对加密货币收益征收的税率是多少?具体如何构成?

A根据当前计划,韩国对加密货币收益征收的税率为22%。这包含20%的国家所得税加上2%的地方所得税。仅当年收益超过250万韩元(约1800美元)的免税额度时才需要缴纳。

Q韩国反对党议员(郑城国)提议推迟征税的主要理由是什么?

A郑城国议员提议推迟征税的主要理由是:立法者和税务机构需要更多时间来完善虚拟资产税收制度的修订、加强对投资者的保护,以及建立确保公平征税所需的系统。他认为仓促征税缺乏正当性,纳税人需要一个能够接受的体系。

Q文章中提到,关于加密货币税收,韩国反对党内部还存在另一项更激进的提案是什么?其理由是什么?

A另一项更激进的提案是由议员孙恩锡提出的,主张完全从法律中删除加密货币收益税条款。其理由是公平问题:如果对加密货币收益征税,而对传统股票收益实际上不征税,则意味着对两个投资市场区别对待。

Q根据韩国财政部长官秋庆镐的说法,为什么韩国目前将加密货币收益归类为“其他收入”而不是资本利得?

A韩国财政部长官秋庆镐指出,在美国、日本和英国,加密货币收益是作为资本利得征税的,但韩国目前没有资本利得税制度,因此只能将加密货币收益归类为“其他收入”进行征税。

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