黄仁勋「拯救」韩国股市：锁定SK海力士内存，芯片短缺还将持续

marsbitPublicado em 2026-06-08Última atualização em 2026-06-08

Resumo

6月5日，韩国股市经历“黑色星期五”，KOSPI指数暴跌。6月8日盘中跌幅一度超8%，触发熔断，三星与SK海力士股价重挫。在此市场动荡之际，英伟达CEO黄仁勋的访韩起到了“救市”作用。 6月7日晚，黄仁勋与SK集团及SK海力士高层共进晚餐。餐后，他确认英伟达新款Vera CPU将采用SK海力士的DRAM，双方正为下半年及明年的“超大规模合作”做准备，并预计当前的内存芯片短缺将持续数年。随后，双方官宣了一份多年期技术合作协议，涉及AI超级计算机、机器人、数字孪生和半导体制造等领域。黄仁勋更公开表示，当前AI公司股价极具吸引力。合作具体包括：英伟达将Vera CPU等产品线的内存供应锚定SK海力士，共同开发下一代内存以支持AI基础设施。同时，SK海力士将利用英伟达的CUDA-X库和AI技术加速其芯片设计与制造流程，如计算光刻和构建晶圆厂数字孪生，目标是实现完全自主的工厂运营。此次合作早有铺垫。2025年10月，双方曾宣布在韩国合作建设大型AI工厂。尽管与SK海力士深化绑定，但英伟达在下一代HBM4内存上并未独家采购，三星、SK海力士和美光均已获得认证并将共同供货。黄仁勋指出，由于AI工厂建设导致需求激增，从晶圆到封装等整个半导体供应链的短缺状况预计将持续数年。黄仁勋此行还会见了现代、LG、三星等韩国企业，表明英伟达正系统性深化与韩国科技产业的联系，SK集团是其中的关键一环。

6 月 5 日,韩国股市遭遇「黑色星期五」,KOSPI 指数收盘暴跌 5.54%。6 月 8 日开盘后,盘中跌幅一度扩大至 8% 以上,交易平台触发熔断机制,三星与 SK 海力士双双跌近 10%。

市场风声鹤唳之际,黄仁勋的到访戏剧性地承担了「救市」的角色。

此前,韩国当地时间 6 月 7 日周日晚,黄仁勋与 SK 集团会长崔泰源、SK 海力士 CEO 郭鲁正等举办「晚餐会」。

餐后,黄仁勋向现场媒体确认:英伟达新推出的 Vera CPU 将采用 SK 海力士 DRAM;双方正在为今年下半年和明年「超大规模的合作」做准备;关于眼下的内存芯片短缺,他认为会持续好几年。

随后,英伟达与 SK 海力士官宣一份多年期技术合作协议,涉及 AI 超级计算机延伸到机器人、数字孪生和半导体制造。

黄仁勋更是在新闻发布会上直接吹票,「如果你是 AI 公司股东,你会感到高兴,目前它们的价格非常低。」

01 锁定 SK 海力士内存

Vera 是英伟达推出的首款独立数据中心专用 CPU,它所面对的竞争对手包括英特尔至强产品线、AMD 的 Epyc 芯片,以及亚马逊 Graviton 这类大型云服务商的自研项目。

在这个新战场上,英伟达从一开始就将内存供应锚定在 SK 海力士身上。

6 月 7 日,英伟达与 SK 海力士正式宣布建立多年期技术合作伙伴关系,围绕英伟达 AI 基础设施路线图,共同开发与之匹配的下一代内存。

据了解,双方合作覆盖了英伟达 Vera Rubin AI 超级计算机、Vera CPU、搭载 RTX Spark 的 PC 以及 Jetson Thor 机器人计算平台等一系列个人端侧与云端的产品线。

公告指出,合作旨在保障先进内存的供应,以应对此类产品较长的开发周期、复杂的制造工艺和高额的资本投入,进而支撑全球 AI 工厂的持续建设。

公告还列举了 SK 海力士将拓展进入英伟达正在开创的几个新市场,包括 AI 基础设施、个人 AI 和物理 AI。

02 AI 反哺芯片制造

除了供应内存,SK 海力士开始把英伟达的 AI 技术用到自芯片设计和制造流程里。

类似的合作此前已经在台积电落地,最典型的就是「计算光刻」。

根据公告,SK 海力士正在使用英伟达 CUDA-X 库和 AI 来加速半导体仿真,覆盖技术计算机辅助设计(TCAD)和计算光刻等环节。

双方还在推动将这些工具扩展到半导体电子设计自动化(EDA)和仿真生态系统中去,为芯片制造商、英伟达和 EDA 软件供应商之间的三方合作铺路。

这意味着,双方的合作已经不限于 SK 海力士自用,而是在摸索一套可以推向整个半导体行业的模式。

在制造环节,SK 海力士正在推进晶圆厂数字孪生功能的开发,目标是实现完全自主的工厂运营。这项工作的基础是英伟达 Omniverse 平台。借助 Omniverse 库和 OpenUSD 流程,SK 海力士得以构建 3D 工厂场景,用于可视化、模拟和优化复杂的半导体制造环境。

在工厂运营层面,这些数字孪生功能还能接入英伟达 cuOpt 决策优化引擎和 Metropolis 平台,用来调度自主移动机器人和晶圆厂内的其他资产。

公告还透露,两家公司正在探索将数字孪生与现有传统软件及智能体 AI 工作流打通,让 AI 系统能够基于晶圆厂数据进行推理、自动执行任务并改进制造决策。

03 提前半年铺垫

2025 年 10 月,英伟达和 SK 海力士就宣布过一项大规模的基础设施合作。

彼时,SK 集团正在建设一座配备超过 5 万颗英伟达 GPU 的 AI 工厂,第一阶段计划于 2027 年底前完工。建成后,这预计将成为韩国规模最大的 AI 工厂之一。

该工厂采用「GPU 即服务」的模式,面向 SK 集团旗下子公司及外部组织开放,目标是加速韩国产业的数字化转型和工业创新。

SK 电讯也在其中承担具体的部署工作。

作为英伟达的云合作伙伴,SK 电讯计划在亚洲使用英伟达 RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell 服务器版 GPU 构建工业 AI 云,初始部署规模超过 2000 颗 GPU,专门运行 Omniverse 工作负载,为 SK 海力士的半导体制造、晶圆厂数字孪生和内部 AI 智能体提供算力支撑。

黄仁勋在此次访韩期间还透露了一个信息:他正在与电信公司展开讨论,因为未来的 AI 将使用电信网络。这与 SK 电讯参与合作的方向是一致的。

04 三家分走 HBM4 订单

尽管英伟达与 SK 海力士签下了多年技术合作协议,但在 HBM4 的供应上,英伟达并没有把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里。

黄仁勋在抵达首尔时就向记者明确表态:「三家供应商均已获得资格认证。三家供应商都已投入生产,他们都在竞相支持 Vera Rubin。」

这三家供应商对应三星电子、SK 海力士和美光科技。

在台北电脑展的主题演讲中,黄仁勋已确认 Vera Rubin 全面投产,计划于今年第三季度交付。这套系统围绕英伟达 Vera CPU 和 Rubin 图形核心集群构建,每个服务器机架系统都搭配 TB 级别的 HBM4 内存。

从 HBM4 的实际进度来看,SK 海力士仍处于领跑位置。

路透社去年 9 月曾报道,SK 海力士当时已完成 HBM4 芯片的内部认证,并为客户建立了生产体系,目标是在 2025 年下半年完成 12 层 HBM4 产品的量产准备。Meritz 证券高级分析师 Kim Sunwoo 当时预测,得益于向关键客户的早期供应以及由此带来的先发优势,SK 海力士 2026 年的 HBM 市场份额将保持在六成出头。

05 芯片短缺将持续数年

在 HBM4 供应上铺开三家的局面,并不意味着供应压力就此缓解。

黄仁勋在周日晚餐后,还给出了一个不太乐观的判断。他对现场媒体表示,存储芯片短缺不会很快结束。「整个行业供应链——从晶圆到封装再到硅光子......一切都在短缺,因为需求如此之高。这种情况将持续数年。」

这段表态的背景,是全球 AI 工厂建设对先进内存近乎无休止的消耗。

黄仁勋所说的短缺,不是缺某一种料,而是产业链上几乎每个环节都供应紧张。英伟达推出 Vera Rubin、推广 AI 工厂、进入个人 AI 和物理 AI 领域,每一件事都在拉高对内存的需求。这也是为什么他会说三家 HBM4 供应商都在竞相支持 Vera Rubin。

没人愿意在供不应求的局面里掉队。

这次韩国之行,SK 集团虽然是重点,但并不是黄仁勋全部日程。他在抵达时曾透露,自己安排了与现代汽车、LG、SK、三星以及 Naver 的会议。他还透露,英伟达正在积极为韩国新研发中心招聘人员。从这些动向来看,英伟达正在系统性地加深与整个韩国科技产业的联系,SK 集团是其中的关键一环,但并非唯一一环。

Perguntas relacionadas

Q韩国股市在6月5日至8日期间经历了什么？

A韩国股市遭遇了剧烈下跌。6月5日，KOSPI指数收盘暴跌5.54%，市场称之为“黑色星期五”。6月8日开盘后，盘中跌幅一度扩大至8%以上，触发了交易平台的熔断机制，三星与SK海力士股价双双跌近10%。

Q英伟达与SK海力士达成了怎样的核心合作？

A双方宣布了一份多年期的技术合作协议。核心内容包括：1) 英伟达新推出的Vera CPU将采用SK海力士的DRAM；2) 双方将为今年下半年和明年的“超大规模合作”做准备；3) 合作范围覆盖AI超级计算机、机器人、数字孪生和半导体制造，旨在共同开发下一代内存以支持英伟达的AI基础设施路线图。

Q黄仁勋对芯片短缺问题有何判断？

A黄仁勋认为存储芯片的短缺情况将持续数年。他指出，整个行业的供应链——从晶圆到封装再到硅光子技术等几乎所有环节都处于短缺状态，原因是市场需求异常高涨。这意味着芯片供应紧张的局面不会很快结束。

QSK海力士如何将英伟达的AI技术应用于自身业务？

ASK海力士正将英伟达的AI技术应用于其芯片设计和制造流程中。具体包括：1) 使用英伟达CUDA-X库和AI加速半导体仿真，覆盖技术计算机辅助设计和计算光刻等环节；2) 利用英伟达Omniverse平台开发晶圆厂数字孪生功能，目标是实现完全自主的工厂运营，并可调度自主移动机器人；3) 探索打通数字孪生与现有软件及AI工作流，以改进制造决策。

Q在下一代HBM4内存的供应上，英伟达采取了什么策略？

A英伟达采取了多元化供应商策略，并未将订单集中于SK海力士一家。黄仁勋确认，三星电子、SK海力士和美光科技这三家供应商均已获得英伟达HBM4的资格认证并投入生产，他们正在竞相支持英伟达的Vera Rubin AI系统。其中，SK海力士在HBM4的开发进度上仍处于领跑地位。

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