加密ETF进入加速期,市场的下一步是什么?

比推Publicado em 2025-10-13Última atualização em 2025-10-13

作者:Tristero Research

编译:白话区块链

原文标题:告别漫长等待,加密ETF进入“高速公路”


2025年9月,美国加密市场风云突变。多年以来,推出一只新基金意味着要经历长达240天的监管炼狱。每一款产品都是与美国证券交易委员会(SEC)的一场定制化斗争。然后,仅凭一次投票,SEC就用一个秒表取代了旧的规则手册。

通过批准商品信托份额的通用上市标准,SEC为加密交易平台交易产品(ETPs)开辟了一条快车道。过去需要八个月时间的事情,现在只需两个月。其结果是:最后期限前的交通堵塞,从Solana到狗狗币的十几种另类TokenETF(山寨币ETF)都排在同一个狭窄的窗口期等待决策。

欢迎来到ETF之月。

游戏新规

在此之前,加密ETF需要进行“19b-4”规则变更——每一个都是一项定制化的请求。新系统对那些通过了明确、基于规则测试的资产,取消了这一步骤。这张“金票”——金融界的“TSA PreCheck”(机场快速安检通道)——是拥有至少六个月交易历史的、受美国商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)监管的期货市场。

这项测试创造了一个事实上的加密货币种姓制度:

第一梯队:比特币和以太坊,已经拥有了轰动市场的现货ETF。

第二梯队:像Solana、XRP和Cardano这样的资产,它们拥有期货市场,从而解锁了快车道。

第三梯队:其他所有币种,仍然困在慢车道上。

这是一个从“通过执法进行监管”到“通过基础设施进行监管”的转变。SEC不再辩论一个币种的效用,而是问:它是否在一个成熟、受监控的市场中交易?

十月日程表

新规催生了密集的十月日程:

10月10日:灰度信托转换(Solana, Litecoin)。

10月16日:现货Solana ETF决策(21Shares, Bitwise)。

10月18日–25日:XRP ETF预计获批,几乎可以肯定至少有一家会得到绿灯。

同样在排队中的还有:Cardano(灰度的GADA)、Dogecoin、Avalanche、Hedera。

最大的文化信号是狗狗币(Dogecoin)。无论它是不是Meme币,DOGE都符合资格,因为它有一个受监管的期货市场。新的框架是中立的,它只关心数据。

这第一波浪潮也推动了下一个监管前沿:质押(staking)。几份Solana的申请文件提议,通过质押基金资产将收益传递给投资者。如果获得批准,ETF将从被动追踪工具演变为能产生收入的产品——一座连接华尔街金融产品与链上经济的直接桥梁。

资金流向

资金已经在流动,但并不均衡。机构参与者正在布局;散户交易者则在犹豫。

机构:芝加哥商品交易平台(CME)的XRP期货未平仓合约已超过10亿美元,这是大资金为新投资工具做准备的典型迹象。

散户:同期超过19亿美元的XRP清算,显示出小额交易者在波动中被反复收割。

结论是:早期的ETF浪潮将是现有机构敞口向更清晰、更便宜、受监管的金融产品中的一次迁移。这波另类TokenETP浪潮更多的是关于优化市场结构,而非释放新的需求。

全球竞赛

美国并非唯一一个开放加密市场的国家,这是一场全球竞赛。

欧洲:21Shares和CoinShares已在提供一篮子产品和另类TokenETP(瑞士自2018年起)。

香港:在结构上是创新者,允许“实物”申购和赎回(用实际的加密货币交易ETF份额)。美国最初禁止这种方式,但在2025年7月允许了比特币和以太坊的实物申赎,这标志着趋同。

美国:现在正利用其规模优势,但通过受监管的期货市场设置了准入门槛。

潜在风险

这种突然的扩张既带来了机遇,也带来了风险。

稀释 vs. 水涨船高

比特币ETF的推出是“水涨船高”的典范。但几十个另类TokenETF可能会分散资金流,大部分资本将集中在最便宜、品牌最大的产品上。较小的发行商有被边缘化的风险。

流动性压力

ETF的流动性最终依赖于其底层的现货市场。对于较小的另类Token,在市场下行期间的赎回潮可能会给做市商带来压力,导致ETF的交易价格偏离其资产净值。

大筛选

ETP资格正迅速成为合法性的标志。“蓝筹”币种因拥有期货市场将吸引机构资金;而其他数千种币种则被拒之门外。这加剧了可投资的主流币种与投机性的长尾资产之间的鸿沟。

结论:一个新纪元的开始

2025年10月是监管转向的直接结果,它将多年的产品开发压缩到了几周之内。

ETF之月是新发行机制的第一个证明。美国加密市场已经从比特币/以太坊时代,毕业进入一个更广阔、更复杂、更易于参与的生态系统。

闸门已经打开——而对资本、流动性和合法性的争夺才刚刚开始。


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