Риск массового изъятия банковских вкладов на сумму 6,6 триллиона долларов: банковская группа BPI критикует Coinbase и PayPal Stablecoin Rewards

cryptonews.ruPublicado em 2025-04-12Última atualização em 2025-08-13

  • BPI предупреждает, что вознаграждения за стейблкоины могут дестабилизировать финансовую систему из-за оттока средств из банков.
  • Закон GENIUS направлен только на эмитентов, оставляя такие платформы, как Coinbase и PayPal, в юридической «серой зоне».
  • BPI призывает Конгресс закрыть эту лазейку, чтобы предотвратить экономические потрясения.

Институт банковской политики (BPI), крупная американская лоббистская группа в банковской сфере, бьет тревогу по поводу программ вознаграждения в виде стейблкоинов от таких компаний, как Coinbase и PayPal, предупреждая, что они могут дестабилизировать финансовую систему, воспользовавшись ключевым пробелом в недавно принятом законе.

Лазейка в новом законе о гениях

Эти вознаграждения, напоминающие выплаты процентов по активам в стейблкоинах, используют пробелы в недавно принятом законе GENIUS. BPI предупреждает, что они могут усугубить отток депозитов, когда средства перетекают из традиционных банков в стейблкоины, что приводит к сокращению объёмов кредитования и повышению стоимости заимствований.

Примечательно, что Закон GENIUS вступил в силу в июле 2025 года. Он запрещает эмитентам стейблкоинов предлагать проценты их держателям. Это сделано для того, чтобы отличать их от банковских депозитов, которые защищены федеральным законодательством.

Читайте также: Генеральный директор Ripple назвал Трампа «самым продвинутым в сфере криптовалют» президентом после подписания закона GENIUS Act

Однако закон распространяется только на эмитентов, таких как Circle (USDC) и Paxos (PYUSD), и не распространяется на игроков вторичного рынка, таких как Coinbase или PayPal. В результате такие платформы, как Coinbase и PayPal, продолжают предлагать годовую доходность до 4,1% по USDC и 3,7% по PYUSD.

Эти компании утверждают, что, поскольку они не выпускают стейблкоины, а лишь способствуют их использованию, они не нарушают закон. Между тем, BPI рассматривает это как лазейку, которая оказывает тревожное влияние на финансовую систему США.

Риск: изъятие банковских вкладов на сумму 6,6 триллиона долларов?

BPI предупреждает, что эти высокодоходные программы могут спровоцировать массовый «отток депозитов», переместив огромные объёмы капитала из традиционных банков в стейблкоины. Это, в свою очередь, сократит объём доступного для кредитования капитала, приведёт к росту процентных ставок и нанесёт ущерб потребителям и бизнесу.

Фактически, BPI процитировало оценку Министерства финансов США, согласно которой эти программы в конечном итоге могут спровоцировать отток депозитов на сумму до 6,6 триллиона долларов, если лазейка не будет закрыта.

BPI в Конгресс: «Закройте лазейку»

Соответственно, BPI призывает Конгресс закрыть эту лазейку, распространив действие Закона GENIUS на участников вторичного рынка. Без таких изменений платформы стейблкоинов могут продолжать предлагать вознаграждения, что, по мнению BPI, ещё больше стимулирует отток депозитов и потенциально дестабилизирует экономику.

По сути, хотя программы вознаграждений за стейблкоины остаются законными в рамках действующего законодательства, предполагаемая лазейка может побудить законодателей внести поправки в закон.

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