揭秘 Erebor:Peter Thiel 的加密银行,特朗普金主们的阳谋

深潮Publicado em 2025-07-04Última atualização em 2025-07-04

承接硅谷银行原本的市场定位,填补加密货币的银行服务缺口。

撰文:Azuma(@azuma_eth)

7 月 3 日,多家主流财经媒体纷纷报道,包括 PayPal 联合创始人、硅谷风投大神 Peter Thiel 在内的多位科技领域亿万富豪正联合发起一家名为 Erebor 的新银行,旨在填补硅谷银行倒闭之后面向加密货币行业的银行服务缺口。

《金融时报》报道表示,除去 Peter Thiel 之外,发起 Erebor 的亿万富翁还包括国防技术公司 Anduril 的联合创始人 Palmer Luckey、大数据分析公司 Palantir(Peter Thiel 同为该公司联合创始人)的创始人 Joe Lonsdale,而 Peter Thiel 掌舵创投基金 Founders Fund 也将直接投资 Erebor。

如果这么介绍 Palmer Luckey、Joe Lonsdale 或许还有许多读者感到陌生,那么我们换个说法,二人以及 Peter Thiel 都是 2024 年美国总统大选中特朗普的重要金主。

值得一提的是,Erebor 的名字取自魔幻巨作《霍比特人》,在书中这是被恶龙史矛革所占据的一座「孤山」,其下方藏着矮人族数之不尽的财宝。此外,Anduril 和 Palantir 的名字也都取自该系列作品,前者的意思是名剑「西方之焰」,后者的意思则是一个可穿越时空、洞悉世间一切的「水晶球」。

Erebor 已向美国联邦银行监管机构货币监理署申请国家银行执照,该执照将允许 Erebor 开展银行业务。根据本周公开的申请文件,Erebor 将「作为国民银行……为企业和个人提供传统银行产品及虚拟货币相关服务」,其目标客户是美国的创新经济领域企业,尤其是聚焦加密货币、人工智能、国防和制造业的科技公司,同时服务于这些企业的员工和投资者,并计划为寻求接入美国银行系统的境外企业提供服务。

《金融时报》特别强调,Erebor 希望能够承接硅谷银行原本的市场定位,为可能被传统银行拒绝的高风险企业和加密货币从业者提供银行服务。

2023 年,拥有 40 年光辉历史,当时曾连续五年斩获福布斯「美国最佳银行」奖的硅谷银行因流动性危机宣告破产倒闭,由于包括 BlockFi、Circle 和 Avalanche 在内的许多加密货币相关项目 / 机构当时曾均为硅谷银行的客户,加密货币行业遭受重创,恐慌之下 BTC 当时曾一度跌破 20000 美元。

知情人士透露,Erebor 的联合创始人们正是在 2023 年硅谷银行倒闭后开始讨论创办该银行。虽然硅谷的资产被第一公民银行(First Citizens BancShares)收购并重启运营,该银行的部分专业人士也转投汇丰美国,但初创科技公司的投资者和高管们仍普遍抱怨在获取银行服务上存在障碍 —— 许多企业难以原有水平的融资支持。

Erebor 在申请文件中表示,稳定币相关业务也将是该银行的重中之重 —— 与美元等现实资产挂钩的「稳定币」预计将成为该行业务重点,文件强调其目标是成为「开展稳定币交易监管最完善的机构」。

Odaily 注:围绕稳定币及加密货币的银行服务已成为新的竞争焦点,Circle 日前也已提交了银行牌照申请。详情可见《600 亿美元资产自主托管,「稳定币第一股」Circle 申请联邦信托银行牌照》。

知情人士表示,Palmer Luckey、Joe Lonsdale 不会参与 Erebor 的日常管理。该银行的联席 CEO 将由曾任 Circle 顾问的 Jacob Hirshman,以及数字资产软件公司 Aer Compliance 的联合创始人兼 CEO Owen Rapaport 担任,新泽西山谷国民银行(Valley National Bank)前高级执行副总裁 Valley National Bank 将出任行长。

Erebor 的银行总部将设于俄亥俄州哥伦布市,同时会在纽约设立办事处,但仅提供数字化服务,所有产品均将通过智能手机应用和网站营销。申请文件中涉及股东构成、股权结构和商业计划等细节的部分仍处于保密状态。

随着《GENIUS 法案》顺利跑通参议院,SEC 新主席亲口承诺将建立合理的加密资产市场监管框架,加密货币相关的投资及经营活动必然会不断增长,而相关银行服务暂时仍存在一定缺口,包括 Erebor 在内,已有多个玩家注意到了这块蛋糕。

在可预测的未来,预计围绕该项服务将会展开更激烈的竞争,但对于保守银行服务困扰的加密货币行业本身而言,这种竞争可能越激烈越好。

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