EigenLayer 空投背后:生态系统的利益纠葛与监管缺失

深潮Publicado em 2024-08-16Última atualização em 2024-08-16

Eigen Labs 的员工接受了来自依赖其技术的其他项目的数百万美元支付,这引发了潜在利益冲突的问题,

作者:Sam Kessler & Danny Nelson

编译:深潮TechFlow

EigenLayer 创始人 Sreeram Kannan 在 ETH Denver 2024 上 (Danny Nelson/CoinDesk)

  • Eigen Labs,开发“再质押”巨头 EigenLayer 的公司,向准备推出加密代币的生态系统项目分发了一份员工钱包地址列表。

  • 一些团队表示他们曾向 Eigen Labs 请求该列表,但有一个团队表示并没有请求,并感到公司施加了压力,要求其向员工发送代币。

  • 专家和业内人士指出,这些支付——在高峰时接近 500 万美元——引发了利益冲突的担忧。

  • Eigen Labs 和非营利组织 Eigen Foundation 随后禁止向员工支付此类款项。

透明的区块链曾被宣传为解决华尔街风格幕后交易的良方,但实际上却为新一类内部人士铺平了道路。许多人认为 EigenLayer 是庞大的以太坊区块链生态系统中最有前景的项目之一。该应用提供了一个“可信中立”的平台,用于构建区块链应用并保护其免受盗窃和网络攻击。然而,这种中立性存在一个重大警告:CoinDesk 的调查发现,Eigen Labs 的员工接受了来自依赖其技术的其他项目的数百万美元支付,这引发了潜在利益冲突的问题,

一个团队告诉 CoinDesk ,他们向每位 Eigen Labs 员工发送了一部分新加密货币作为“感谢”,每位员工的分配最终价值为 80,000 美元。

另一个团队表示,Eigen Labs 向其发送了一份钱包地址列表,并感到被迫支付——否则可能会危及与这家可能影响其业务的公司的关系。

在加密市场夏季低迷期间,Eigen Labs 的员工最终索取的支付在高峰时接近 500 万美元——截至发稿时接近 100 万美元。一些索取代币的高层员工现在在 Eigen Foundation 工作,该非营利组织向使用 EigenLayer 技术的项目提供资助。

Eigen Labs 和 Eigen Foundation 今年悄然禁止向员工支付款项,承认这种做法可能会造成利益冲突,或至少给人留下这种印象。

“Eigen Labs 及其基金会被称为‘可信中立’,这意味着有责任避免任何偏见或优待的外观,”非营利组织 VentureESG 的加密研究员 Cessiah Lopez 说,她也是剑桥大学 Minderoo 技术与民主中心的研究员。“可能被解释为与这一原则相悖的行为,可能引发担忧,即使这些行为是在没有恶意意图的情况下进行的。”

空投援助

EigenLayer 由华盛顿大学电气与计算机工程副教授 Sreeram Kannan 创立,该平台在 2023 年推动了加密货币的最新繁荣周期,创新了“再质押”,这是一种新的区块链安全技术,同时也是一种有利可图的投资机会。该平台在不到一年内筹集了超过 1 亿美元的风险投资,并获得了价值 150 亿美元的用户存款——即使在大资金的区块链世界中,这也是巨额的资金。

2024 年初,十多个区块链应用急于在 EigenLayer 上推出,例如云计算服务和数据存储平台。加入这一浪潮的还有使存入 EigenLayer 更加用户友好的“流动性再质押”服务。

这些新应用耗费了数百万美元的风险投资,并推出了有时估值达到十亿美元的加密货币。它们举行了空投,以分发其新代币。

在这一过程中,Eigen Labs 正在帮助其员工获得空投,向他们发送了一份钱包地址列表——这是加密货币对银行账户的回应。该公司坚称,只有在这些项目请求时才这样做。

“对于希望向 Eigen Labs 空投的项目,我们提供了所有 Eigen Labs 员工的地址列表,”该公司在给 CoinDesk 的声明中表示。Eigen Labs 仅向“已联系 Eigen Labs 或其员工进行空投的团队”发送了该列表,公司的首席商务官 Alan Curtis 重申道。然而,一个团队告诉 CoinDesk ,Eigen Labs 向其发送了该列表,尽管他们并没有请求。该项目的开发者在匿名的情况下表示,Eigen Labs 要求其员工获得空投的奖励。鉴于 Eigen Labs 的影响力,这一请求很难忽视。Eigen Labs 表示,它通过收集钱包地址列表并进行介绍,帮助许多团队协调向其他再质押生态系统中的项目发送空投。

“这与我们对协调引擎的设想非常契合,在这个引擎中,各个项目相互帮助、相互奖励,并合作构建一个超越各部分总和的 EigenLayer 生态系统,”该公司在声明中表示,尽管它在 5 月禁止了对自身员工的支付。”

资金追踪

CoinDesk 通过汇总 Eigen Labs 所有员工的名单,并将其与他们在社交媒体上披露的钱包及非同质化代币持有情况进行配对,反向工程了钱包列表。

一个模式逐渐显现。这些钱包——以及其他经常只与加密货币交易所交互的“临时”地址——正在从三个不同的空投中收集相同数量的代币:Ether.Fi、Renzo 和 AltLayer。 CoinDesk 随后验证了这个反向工程列表的大部分样本,确认了与实际 Eigen Labs 列表相熟的内部人士的信息。

根据 CoinDesk 的分析,AltLayer 向每位 Eigen Labs 员工分配了 46,512 ALT,Ether.Fi 则为每人分配了 10,490.9 ETHFI,Renzo 每人 66,667 REZ。在价格高峰时,这三个空投的价值分别约为 30,000 美元、80,000 美元和 16,666 美元。

链上记录显示,Eigen Labs 员工在 2024 年 1 月下旬至 6 月中旬期间共领取了 487,928 ETHFI(峰值价值 350 万美元)、1,733,342 REZ(峰值 433,300 美元)和 1,539,563 ALT(峰值 102 万美元)。

一种非常奇怪的加密现象

一些与 CoinDesk 交谈的行业人士表示,向 Eigen Labs 员工的空投在加密行业中是常见的现象:这是与区块链初创公司有良好联系的员工所享有的一种常见、虽然很少公开讨论的福利。

“这是一种非常奇怪的加密事情,人们偶尔会发放免费的钱,”Ether.Fi 的首席执行官 Mike Silagadze 说。

Silagadze 表示,Ether.Fi 向许多公司的员工(包括 Eigen Labs 的员工)空投代币,作为“感谢”。

他提到,Ether.Fi 更倾向于向这些公司的个人空投代币,因为这样“更具个人性”,而不是直接发送给公司。他向 Eigen Labs 请求了一份员工名单,以便他们能够获得空投,Eigen Labs 给他发送了一份包含 50 个钱包地址的名单,但没有名字。

“他们特别说明 Sreeram 没有参与,”Silagadze 说,指的是 Eigen Labs 的首席执行官 Kannan。“考虑到团队的规模,可能是其他所有人。”

(CoinDesk 的母公司 Bullish 是 Ether.fi 的投资者

其他人则认为,各团队向 Eigen Labs 员工支付的款项是不当的。一位了解 Eigen Labs 支付情况的加密协议创始人在匿名的情况下表示,这种做法属于“滥用权力”。“如果一家公司因商业原因向另一家公司提供代币,那是一回事,但向个别团队成员提供代币则完全不正常——即使在加密行业也是如此,”这位创始人说。

在他看来,Eigen Labs 在再质押领域的超大影响力意味着它可以选择性地推广或优待那些向团队成员支付代币的项目。Eigen Labs 经常在社交媒体上突出展示项目,并为生态系统创始人举办邀请制的网络活动——例如在今年的 ethDenver 大会后举办的科罗拉多滑雪周末。

Eigen Foundation 控制着 15% 的所有 EIGEN 代币,并向 EigenLayer 生态系统中的项目提供资助。CoinDesk 没有发现 Eigen Labs 或 Eigen Foundation 利用其权力优待向其员工支付代币的项目的证据。

缺乏规范

与政府监管的上市公司相比,私人加密初创公司在如何披露关键性信息(如代币持有百分比)方面有很大的自由度。

当一个加密项目发行代币时,通常会发布受益人的大致分解。没有人要求必须有饼图;加密行业缺乏一致的报告标准,导致投资者获得的信息往往不完整,甚至具有误导性。

“在这里,代币持有者实际上相当于公众[股权]市场,”斯坦福大学数字经济实验室的数字研究员 Christos Makridis 说,他正在进行关于空投的研究。他指出,在股票市场中“有报告要求”,旨在保护投资者,但在加密领域,这些都没有被成文化。

AltLayer 是唯一一个在 1 月的博客文章中主动披露其对 Eigen Labs 团队分配的项目。AltLayer 的传播负责人 Aparna Narayanan 告诉 CoinDesk ,这些分配是“感谢的象征”。

相比之下,RenzoEther.fi 在其代币经济学网页上披露,部分空投是保留给生态系统“合作伙伴”的。两者都没有提到 Eigen Labs 的员工。

RestakeX 基金会的授权代表 Kratik Lodha 表示,“有一部分分配是给生态系统合作伙伴的,这并不是 EigenLayer 的任何人所请求的。”随后 CoinDesk 询问 Lodha,EigenLayer 是否在 4 月的空投之前主动向 Renzo 发送了一份未请求的区块链地址列表(有些人可能不认为这是明确的请求)。他拒绝回答。

清理行动

Eigen Labs 在 5 月发生另一场引发加密头条新闻的争议后取消了其空投政策,该事件涉及瑞士非营利组织以太坊基金会,该基金会支持以太坊区块链。

该基金会透露,两位主要研究员 Justin Drake 和 Dankrad Feist 接受了另一家基于以太坊的项目 EigenLayer 的有偿顾问角色。社区成员在 X(前身为 Twitter)上表达了对 EigenLayer 试图影响以太坊开发路线图的担忧。Feist 和 Drake 最终承诺将他们的薪酬再分配给以太坊社区项目,而以太坊基金会则修订了其利益冲突政策,以防止未来的事件。

Eigen Labs 告诉 CoinDesk ,在 5 月它停止允许生态系统中的项目向其员工空投代币。

该公司还表示,它引入了一项政策,“明确禁止任何员工利用与公司相关的交易谋取个人利益。”

Eigen Labs 还设立了“禁止团队成员在持有重大非公开信息期间出售任何收到的空投,包括空投后的标准禁售期。”

该公司表示,采取这些措施是“为了确保信任和透明度。”Eigen Foundation 在 6 月 3 日发布的一项政策变更中禁止员工“单独索取空投”,根据提交记录。基金会引用了“对利益冲突或此类利益冲突的外观的担忧”。

在 6 月中旬,包含在 Eigen Labs 列表中的钱包继续索取代币。Eigen Labs 和 Eigen Foundation 表示,已经索取空投的员工不需要退还他们的代币。

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