Pantera 研究:加密行业存在工资差距,女性收入高于男性 15%

链捕手Publicado em 2024-07-31Última atualização em 2024-07-31

原标题:《Crypto's Reverse Wage Gap》

作者:Matt Stephenson、Ally Zach、Nick Zurick

编译:深潮 TechFlow

 

我们报告了 Pantera Capital 关于区块链行业薪酬的横断面调查结果。该调查共有 502 名普通人群的受访者,是迄今为止同类调查中规模最大的。我们的分析发现,加密行业员工的性别工资差距与一般情况相反——在我们的样本中,女性的收入超过男性。

性别工资差距

方法论

本研究采用两阶段研究设计,以应对多重假设检验和 p-hacking 的潜在问题。前一年调查的初步观察被视为试点研究,为当前研究提供了信息。

试点研究(前一年)

在前一次调查的探索性数据分析中观察到了性别工资差距,但由于多重比较引发的假阳性风险,并未将其报告为发现。这种方法符合避免第一类错误和出版偏见的最佳实践。基于试点数据,我们进行了先验功效分析,以确定今年调查中检测假设效应所需的样本量。这些结果在此呈现。

确认性分析:

当前研究作为确认性测试。这种方法允许更可靠的 p 值解释,因为它不受多重比较或事后假设的影响。

通过采用这种两阶段方法,我们避免了多重比较校正的需要,例如 Bonferroni 方法,这在同时测试多个假设的单个研究中是合适的。相反,我们的方法与预测建模中的「样本外验证」概念相一致,增强了我们发现的稳健性。

这一方法论框架增强了我们结果的有效性,并为加密货币行业研究等探索性领域提供了严格假设检验的模型。

调查方法和结果

数据收集时间为 2024 年 6 月 4 日至 7 月 20 日,通过基于网络的调查问卷进行,问卷通过专业网络(LinkedIn)、社交媒体平台(X)、新闻通讯和电子邮件传播。样本由 502 名自我认定为男性或女性的美国受访者组成。仅全职员工被纳入分析。

对中位数基本工资的分析显示,加密货币公司的女性收入比男性高出 14.67%。女性的中位数基本工资为 172,000 美元,而男性为 150,000 美元,女性的收入相当于男性每赚一美元就赚 1.15 美元。

这一差异在统计上显著(Mann-Whitney U 检验,p < 0.05),与一般劳动市场趋势相反,后者女性通常收入低于男性。通过回归分析,我们还观察到平均差异有利于女性(p < 0.05)。

这一结果挑战了性别工资差距的叙述,在非加密公司中,女性通常每赚一美元男性只赚 $0.84 美元。

进一步分析

更仔细地检查职业群体,娱乐行业的制作人和导演是女性收入高于男性的唯一其他领域。虽然其他高学位职业的薪酬接近平等,但现实是,即使在 Web2 技术行业,男性的收入仍然显著高于女性。

这种反向工资差距可能部分归因于性别之间经验水平的差异。加密行业的女性往往经验更丰富,通常处于中级到高级职位,当前职位的工作经验超过五年。相比之下,更多男性占据入门级职位,因为他们正在向加密行业过渡。

这种「反向」工资差距可能表明,与传统领域相比,加密行业为女性提供了更好的机会。

需要认识到,女性在这一行业中仍然可能面临障碍和困难。然而,加密行业相对公平的薪酬表明,性别平等正在朝着更大的方向发展,标志着这一新兴领域的进步趋势。

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