14个问题了解香港稳定币发行人监管制度立法实施建议

币界网Publicado em 2024-07-18Última atualização em 2024-07-18

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来源:AiYing Compliance

昨日香港财库局与香港金管局就在香港实施法币稳定币发行人监管制度的立法建议,联合发表咨询总结,Aiying对香港稳定币实施政策的时间节点做了以下梳理,方便大家理解现在目前关于这个政策所处的阶段:

  • 2022年1月:香港金融管理局(金管局)发布了关于加密资产和稳定币的讨论文件,邀请行业和公众提出意见 。

  • 2023年1月:金管局发布了讨论文件的咨询总结,汇总了收到的反馈意见,并明确了监管框架的初步方向 。

  • 2023年12月27日:香港财经事务及库务局(财库局)和金管局联合发布了关于稳定币发行人拟议监管制度的咨询文件,进一步征求公众和行业的意见 。

  • 2024年2月29日:公众提交意见的截止日期 。

  • 2024年3月12日:金管局公布了“稳定币发行人沙盒”政策,允许在监管沙盒内测试稳定币发行 。

  • 2024年7月17日:发布了咨询总结,汇总公众意见和反馈,提出了关于在香港实施稳定币发行人监管制度的立法建议 。

  • 下一阶段提交立法会审议,并发出相关指引。

今天Aiying艾盈将带大家对昨日发布的就《香港实施稳定币发行人监管制度的立法建议咨询总结》进行梳理,在咨询过程中,金管局和财库局共收到来自不同利益相关方的108份意见。分别来自于像行业从业者、金融机构、专业协会和团体、学术界和研究机构、个人意见等群体。通过这周的文章《香港金融管理局与财政局:稳定币牌照监管指南及建议》和这次咨询总结,我们大致可以预判后期递交立法会审议的稳定币牌照指引要求。以下是Aiying艾盈整理的这次咨询的主要内容问题:

一、涵盖范围

Q1: 是否认同“稳定币”和“法币稳定币”的定义?

    • 多数受访者支持现有定义,但建议在定义中进一步细化,例如明确“稳定币”与其他类型加密资产的区别,明确法币稳定币如何与法定货币挂钩等。

Q2: 对受规管稳定币活动范围有何意见?

    • 受访者认为应重点监管法币稳定币的发行活动,因为它们对金融稳定性影响最大。同时,部分受访者建议明确“发行”的具体活动范围,如发行、流通和赎回的具体界定。

二、立法方式

Q3: 是否认同订立新法例实施法币稳定币发行人监管制度,并在日后按情况所需涵盖其他虚拟资产活动?

    • 大多数受访者支持通过新法例来规范法币稳定币的发行,以避免现有监管制度的重复和冲突。同时,有人建议新的法例应具有一定的灵活性,以便未来可以涵盖更多类型的虚拟资产活动。

Q4: 是否认同从某些监管制度,例如有关证券及储值支付工具的监管制度中排除法币稳定币的发行,以避免法币稳定币发行人受多个监管制度监管?

    • 多数受访者认为应避免法币稳定币发行人受到过多的监管重叠,这样可以减少合规成本和复杂性,确保监管的有效性和针对性。

三、法币稳定币发行人监管框架

Q5: 对法币稳定币发行人的建议发牌制度有何意见?

    • 大部分受访者认同需要通过发牌制度来监管发行人,以确保其具有足够的信誉和能力。同时,有人建议明确“积极推销”的含义,以避免法律解释的模糊性。

Q6: 对建议发牌准则及条件有何意见?

  • 受访者支持设立发牌准则,包括全额储备支持、投资限制、分隔及保管储备资产、风控程序、披露及审计等。支持严格的发牌条件,认为这有助于确保发行人的稳定性和透明度,防范潜在的金融风险。

Q7: 对赋权金融管理专员订定附加发牌条件有何意见?

    • 多数受访者认为,金融管理专员应有权根据市场状况和具体情况对发行人施加额外的条件,以增强监管的灵活性和适应性。

四、法币稳定币的托管及购买服务

Q8: 对法币稳定币购买服务的建议安排有何意见?

    • 受访者认为,应限制法币稳定币的销售服务,仅允许具备资质的持牌机构进行,同时有人建议应允许更多类型的机构申请持牌,以促进市场竞争和创新。

五、当局修订制度的权力

Q9: 是否支持赋予当局所需权力,调整受监管稳定币及活动的范围?

    • 受访者认为,赋予当局调整监管范围的权力,有助于及时应对市场变化和新兴风险,确保监管制度的有效性和前瞻性。

Q10: 当局在行使权力时可考虑的建议准则及因素是否相关而且适当?

    • 受访者普遍认为,当局在行使权力时应考虑的准则和因素是相关且适当的,有助于确保决策的合理性和透明度。

六、金融管理专员的监管权力

Q11: 对金融管理专员就持牌人的建议监管权力有何意见?

    • 受访者认为,金融管理专员应具有广泛的监管权力,以确保持牌人符合法规要求,保护金融市场的稳定和用户权益。

七、金融管理专员的调查权力

Q12: 对建议赋予金融管理专员对持牌法币稳定币发行人的调查权力有何意见?

    • 受访者普遍支持金融管理专员应有权对持牌发行人进行调查,以确保其符合法规要求和市场规范。、

八、触犯条例及制裁

Q13: 对触犯条例及制裁机制,尤其相关制裁、罚款,以及上诉机制的建议有何意见?

    • 受访者认为,应设立明确的刑事和民事处罚机制,以惩治违法行为并起到警示作用。同时,建议明确具体的处罚范围和程度,确保法律的可操作性。

九、过渡安排

Q14: 对建议过渡安排有何意见?

    • 受访者认为,应设立合理的过渡安排,以便现有的发行人适应新的监管要求。有人建议延长不违例期,以确保行业有足够的时间进行调整和合规。

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