身份屡遭曝光,Web 3 也逃不出 Web 2 的“魔咒”?

火星财经Publicado em 2022-02-22Última atualização em 2022-02-22

Resumo

来自 Web2 的一些老问题仍然困扰着加密和 NFT 领域。

撰文:Shiraz Jagati,Cointelegraph

尽管 Web3 承诺将用区块链和去中心化技术推翻守旧派,但来自 Web2 的一些老问题仍然困扰着加密和 NFT 领域

从一开始,个人利用匿名的身份来保护他们的隐私就成为了加密领域不可分割的一部分。然而,随着早期市场的成熟,这些做法在道德上是否合理的问题再次成为人们关注的焦点,特别是对于那些已经获得了一定的主流影响力的加密项目。

在这方面,美国媒体和娱乐公司 Buzzfeed 最近曝光了 NFT 项目 BAYC (无聊猿游艇俱乐部) 四位创始人中的两位:“Gordon Goner”和“Gargamel”,文章表示二人在现实生活中分别是 Greg Solano 和 Wylie Aronow

具体来说,该网站记者 Kate Notopoulos 最近撰写了一篇文章,题为《我们发现了 BAYC 匿名创始人的真实姓名》(We Found The Real Names Of Bored Ape Yacht Club 's pseudanonymous Founders)。在文章中,Kate 通过查阅与无聊猿创始团队 Yuga Labs 有关的公开记录,发现了这两人的名字。Yuga Labs 是无聊猿系列藏品的幕后公司,成立于美国特拉华州。

就在这则消息公布的同一天,Yuga Labs 团队表示,其 NFT 收藏品正在与硅谷顶级风投公司之一 a16z 进行融资谈判,该公司对整个收藏品的估值高达 50 亿美元。

这位科技记者 (即 Kate Notopoulos) 在文章中写道,“在传统的商业世界里,公司的 CEO 或创始人使用真名而不是假名是有原因的,”并补充说,“BAYC 背后的人正在吸引投资者,并经营着可能价值数十亿美元的业务。如果你不知道他们是谁,你怎么让他们负责?

虽然提供基本 ID 在传统企业中是标准的行径,但在加密和 Web3 领域却是一个争论的热点。被曝光身份信息的 BAYC 创始人 Solano 和 Aronow 都在 Twitter 上强调了个人隐私的重要性,特别是在 Web3 对比 Web2 的背景下:

隐私


Aronow 和 Solano 身份的非自愿曝光引起了 Web3 社区成员的强烈批评,他们将这篇文章描述为“doxing”,而不是适当的新闻业行为。“doxing ”是一个非正式的术语,指的是在互联网上发布特定个人的私人信息。

Doxing 合乎有道德吗?

如前所述,根据撰写该文章的记者 Kate Notopoulos 的说法,当像 BAYC 这样规模的企业——即每年吸引数十亿美元的企业——在全球范围内运营时,公司的创始人或 CEO 必须使用真名,而不是假名,并补充道:

“在传统的商业世界里,公司的 CEO 或创始人使用真名而不是笔名是有原因的。如果你不知道他们是谁,你怎么让他们负责?”

为了进一步证明她的观点,她补充说,上市公司相关高管被 SEC (美国证券交易委员会) 要求填写一些信息披露和报告,小公司也受到严格的银行监管和 KYC (了解你的客户) 法律的约束,这些法律要求所有高管使用真实姓名。

但话虽如此,BAYC 创始人的明显“非自愿曝光”已经引发了一系列批评,尤其是那些在蓬勃发展的 Web3 生态系统中运营的个人。例如,著名加密播客 Colbie 将这篇文章称为新闻“垃圾”,只是“为了点击量和广告收入,而 Messari 创始人 Ryan Selkis 也表达了类似的观点。

隐私


然而,在所有这些反对声音中,该文章作者 Kate Notopoulos 似乎仍然相对平静,声称从道德和新闻的角度来看,她做了她需要做的事情

意见不一

基于区块链的数字身份协议 PhotoChromic 的运营主管 Giselle Nagle 表示,身份保护问题非常复杂/多方面,而且众所周知,很难解决,他补充道:

“简单来说,你的身份有两个主要方面:个人身份和公众身份。当你需要相信身份背后的人就是他们自称的那个人时,以及当交换敏感信息时,假名身份最有效。然而,在这两种情况下,个人应该对是否暴露自己的身份有充分的自主权。”

Nagle 补充道,一个人的身份是他们最大的资产,每个人都必须知道如何建立保护他们信息的机制,尤其是那些在数字技术领域工作的人。“自从互联网出现以来,我们第一次开始看到拼图的碎片聚在一起,释放出对自己身份的整体观点的巨大潜力,”Nagle 说道。 

类似地,隐私技术初创公司 Nym Technologies 的首席战略官 Jaya Klara Brekke 表示,Buzzfeed 的上述举动非常不光彩,因此,加强隐私保护变得越来越重要——尤其是在这个行业不断成熟的情况下。

在 Brekke 看来,个人的假名已经不够了。他补充说,随着分析公共账本、流量和元数据的工具越来越容易在公开市场上获得,与隐私相关的问题变得更加棘手。她说道:

“我们正迅速面临一个比以往任何时候都更大的隐私问题。这反过来又会导致不公平的资料搜集和身份识别系统,阻碍对技术资源的开放访问。我们需要保持中立、开放和对所有人可用的技术。”

然而,网络安全金融科技公司 GK8 的联合创始人兼 CEO Lior Lamesh 持相反的观点,他表示,区块链本质上是隐私的,只要运行区块链项目的组织能够根据国家法律来对区块链的运行进行治理,那么该组织就有权对用户和利益相关者的身份保密。

Lamesh 还表示,记者天生就是寻求真相的人,因此有权利做自己的工作,在这种情况下,Notopoulos 披露 BAYC 创始人的身份是没问题的:

“这不应该被解释为需要担心的原因。现在可以说的是,这些数字艺术几乎肯定不会被用作洗钱的渠道,因为 BAYC 团队将实施新的数据保护方法。所以,就有机会做正确的事情而言,我们不能说这位 Buzzfeed 记者的举动不合适。”

Doxing 的趋势可能会继续获得关注

值得一提的是,Solano 和 Aronow 这两位 BAYC 创始人并不是今年首次被公开披露的加密领域名人,早在 2022 年初,基于 Avalanche 链的有争议的 DeFi 协议 Wonderland Money 的匿名财务经理“0xSifu”被披露曾是一名罪犯,也是现已倒闭的加密货币交易所 QuadrigaCX 的联合创始人 Michael Patryn。

Michael Patryn 的犯罪历史在 2019 年在全球加密领域掀起了轩然大波,当时与 Patryn 密切合作的 QuadrigaCX 交易所的运营者 Gerald Cotten 神秘死亡,导致该交易所丢失了投资者价值 1.69 亿美元的加密货币,使得该交易所出现流动性危机。 

此次丑闻曝光后,Patryn 的真名被曝光是 Omar Dhanani。15年前,他被指控犯有身份盗窃罪,被迫在美国联邦监狱服刑 18 个月。在他的释放后,Dhanani 将他的名字改为 Michael Patryn,并随后与加密领域联系在一起,启动了加密交易所 QuadrigaCX,然后最近加入了 Wonderland 团队。
因此,随着我们步入一个加密公司越来越被主流接受的未来,看看各个加密平台的匿名运营者还能保持他们的身份隐私多久,将是一件有趣的事情。

对于这场 doxing 趋势,你有何看法?

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