活过2022:加密行业的分水岭

区块律动2022-12-29 tarihinde yayınlandı2022-12-29 tarihinde güncellendi

Özet

年终回顾:敬畏市场,重建信任,Long Crypto!

还记得复盘 2020 年「312」的时候,加密行业只用了 24 小时就完成了去杠杆的过程,健康系数调整至正常,迎接 2021。而同样是去杠杆,2022 年我们却花了整整一年的时间,结局也比 312 要惨烈得多。

惊心动魄的 2022,启动得那么低调,比特币 48000 美元开局,虽相较于 2021 年的高点 69000 美元已经下跌了不少,但开局的市场依然到处是信心。老项目发展正盛,新项目也在蠢蠢欲动。随后 5 月事态急转直下,7 月情绪加剧,11 月恐慌达到高潮。律动 BlockBeats 梳理了一些 2022 年的大事件(不含 NFT 事件),以记录这属于加密分水岭的 365 天,以提醒活过 2022 的我们,永远敬畏市场。

1 月

Curve war

Curve 作为一家专注于低滑点的算稳 AMM,通过发行治理 Token CRV 作为提供流动性的激励,从而提高 Curve 平台各算稳池的流动性深度,并保持算稳的挂钩能力。不过 Curve 有一个非常关键的机制,使它和传统流动性挖矿有着极大的不同:通过锁定 CRV,流动性提供者(LP)可以对应地获得 veCRV,它对 Curve 平台的流动性激励幅度有着实际的治理意义,拥有着改变「衡量权重」(Gauge Weights)的权力。这也是 Curve War 的起因。

1 月的 Curve war 相当精彩,不少项目为了打赢 war,去提高 APY 并组织新的 war,这也让当时参加的用户获得了还不错的收益。

DeFi 3.0

与此同时,DeFi 领域还有当时昙花一现新概念「DeFi3.0」。DeFi 2.0 以「协议控制流动性」的方式试图解决 1.0 流动性不稳定的问题。3.0 打着「Farming as a service」的旗号出现,Multi-Chain Capital(MCC)、Cross Chain Capital(CCC)等项目通过更复杂的 Token 紧缩设计,也在当时的市场里热闹了一阵。

2 月

史上最大加密货币盗窃案

2 月开始就是一件远古事件的新发现,被认为是加密货币史上最大的盗窃案「2016 年 Bitfinex 12 万枚比特币被盗」的嫌疑人被抓获:34 岁的 Llya Lichtenstein 和他 31 岁的妻子 Heather Rhiannon Morgan。Lichtenstein 如今已是一家科技公司的联合创始人,Morgan 也有不少身份,知名媒体《福布斯》的撰稿人,同时也是一位 Rapper。

Facebook 元宇宙前的挣扎

作为曾经被全球瞩目的 Stablecoin 项目,Libra 实在命运多舛。开局即巅峰,从旨在超级社交网络的生态下改变全球支付系统的愿景,到如今不得不被卖掉,中间经历了监管、更名,多位合作伙伴的撤离,直到今年 2 月,我们真的要和 Libra 说再见了。

但 Libra 依然还对加密行业有着影响,转为 Libra 开发的 Move 语言在 2022 年下半年成为了新的热点,从 Libra 离开的人又新开了 Aptos 和 Sui 公链,以震惊行业的估值拿到了一众明星资本的投资,继续探索公链性能的新方向。

有钱的 Jump crypto

黑客们在 2022 年也用各种我们见过或没见过的方式从市场里拿钱。知名跨链协议 Wormhole 的这场攻击损失 12 万枚 ETH,金额约合 3.26 亿美元。这个被盗数字在 2022 年也可以排进 Top 5 了。不过更令人惊讶的是,两天后 Jump Crypto 宣布自己把洞给补上了,投入 12 万枚 ETH 弥补 Wormhole 被盗损失,支持 Wormhole 继续发展。

EOS 社区与 B1 的纠纷

曾经创下加密货币历史融资纪录的 EOS 也在 2 月有了声音,社区和 EOS 母公司 Block.one 终于公开撕逼了。前 EOS 节点 EOS Nation 的 Yves La Rose 成为了新社区组织 EOS 网络基金会的领导人,代表社区和 Block.one 谈判,不过直到现在还并没有明确的结果。

3 月

乌克兰空投

2 月底俄乌战争打响,这原本与加密货币并没有直接关系,更多的是对全球宏观多了一份不确定性。但离谱的是,在乌克兰宣布介绍加密货币捐款并放出捐赠地址后,乌克兰居然还正式宣布对所有捐过地址进行 Token 空投。这种国家级别的空投,热闹程度可想而知,不过最后官方宣布作废了。

AC 退圈

AC,Andre Cronje,想必这个名字对加密行业已经无人不晓了。凭借一人之力将 2020 DeFi Summer 推向高潮的人,在 3 月 6 日宣布退圈,不再继续为 DeFi 和 Crypto 领域做出贡献。YFI、Fantom 等同时跳水致敬。

AC 还会不会来我们无法确定,但他那句「Crypto 已死,Crypto 永存」一定会不断被重复,被加密精神和加密文化反复咀嚼。

STEPN 上 Binance

图片来自网络

Web3 领域龙头 STEPN 当然不是 2022 年才出现的,但 3 月 1 日宣布上线 Binance 的 IEO 是 STEPN 的绝对转折点。在找不到新方向的市场中,STEPN 的 GMT 在 Binance 以 17 倍收益开盘,随后从 0.1 美元一路拉到 4 美元,震惊内外,说 STEPN 引领了 Web3 的概念,毫不夸张。

Axie 被盗,惊天数字

这是今年最离谱的被盗事件,之一,GameFi 龙头 Axie Infinity 的自主开发侧链 Ronin 被攻击,17.36 万枚 ETH 和 2550 万 USDC 被盗,价值 6.25 亿美元,这也是今年最严重的攻击事件,之一。离谱的是,官方在正式宣布的 6 天前就发现被盗了,但一直没说,足足等了 6 天才公布。

经典对赌

图片来自网络

3 月 14 日,Terra 创始人 Do Kwon 在社交平台与加密 KOL Sensei Algod 针对 LUNA 一年后的价格能否超过现价 88 美元进行对赌(Do Kwon 赌 LUNA 将超过现价)。双方请来另一 KOL Cobie 作见证,并各自将价值一百万美元的 Stablecoin 发到 Cobie 指定地址。相关资金当时就到账了,赌约即时生效。

没想到,没等到一年,大家就都知道这场对赌的结局了。还是没想到,参与对赌的不只他们两个,我们每个人都参与了。

4 月

LUNA 如日中天

2022 年的 4 月是 LUNA 的 4 月,当时以为的如日中天,却是乐曲终章的高潮。20% 年化的 Anchor,让 UST 和 LUNA 的市值突飞猛进,直奔 400 亿美元,LUNA 市值也直接来到了加密货币市值前五。为了维持 UST 的稳定,LUNA 基金会接过灰度的貔貅大旗,几天内就买了 4.2 万枚比特币作为储备金,成为了全球比特币第七大持有者。情绪已经酝酿,他们很想做成加密世界中最成功的去中心化稳定币,可惜差了一点。

5 月

LUNA 帝国崩盘

图片来自网络

2022 年的 5 月,是 LUNA 400 亿美元金融乐曲的终章。如同最高音后的休止符,LUNA 的故事戛然而止。从 UST 轻微脱锚,到市场极度恐慌清仓式撤离,全球第二大公链的崩盘只用了两天。

具体过程大家基本都熟悉了,当时大家还只是叹为观止于全球 Top 5 的陨落,都没有注意 LUNA 创始人的那句「如果 luna 失败了,那会是加密货币的失败。」

孙宇晨推出 USDD

在 LUNA 崩盘前,还有一个小插曲,就是孙哥的算法 Stablecoin USDD 上线,这只是孙哥众多项目中的一个,和 JST、USDJ 等一样,孙哥继续扩大自己的全家桶。

6 月

OP 被盗,神操作

6 月 9 日,Layer2 龙头 Optimism 自己公布了自己的骚操作,由于与加密货币做市商 Wintermute 合作过程中的沟通与技术失误,Optimism 基金会向 Wintermute 发送的 2000 万枚 OP 直接发送到了错误的 Layer1 地址,然后这 2000 万枚 OP 被黑客控制了。作为以太坊基金会的爱将、政治正确的龙头,OP 居然还能有这种看起来小白新手才有可能犯的错,属实离谱。

三箭资本暴雷

图片来自网络

LUNA 过后,加密世界迎来了三箭资本的暴雷,曾经管理规模最高达到 180 亿美元、坚信 Supercycle、真金白银打造 Solunavax 的三箭资本,也因为流动性枯竭倒下了。LUNA、GBTC、stETH 的暴雷和脱锚让三箭也成了多米诺的其中一块。而 6 月的我们都想不到,三箭后面还有更大的机构倒在历史长河里。

7 月

V 神发布更新版以太坊路线图

2022 年 7 月,市场在连续暴雷后终于略有喘息,V 神在以太坊社区会议中公布了最新的以太坊路线图,为行业展示了这条最强去中心化生态网络未来的最终形态。

Aptos 宣布再次完成融资

这是 2022 加密一级二级市场割裂的极致表现,二级市场毫无波澜,而一级市场对明星项目的追逐已经到了极致,一条 30 亿美元估值的新公链,像极了 2018 年。

8 月

Solana 超 9000 个钱包被盗

8 月的这起被盗事件也属于今年离谱黑客事件,之一。被盗资金规模相比其他事件倒是不大,但离谱的是,被盗的原因迟迟没有定论。其他攻击事件几乎在事件发酵的同时就基本确定了攻击原因,但 Solana 这起大范围被盗长达几天事件还没有找到原因,甚至当时大家都开始怀疑 Solana 网络的底层是不是出了问题。

何一回归重掌 Binance Labs

行业里好久不见的一姐回归重掌 Binance Labs,成为超 200 个投资组合项目、75 亿美元资产管理规模的领导者。当年的第一客服再度活跃,多次在社群发声、答疑、澄清谣言等。

李林退场,孙哥担任 Huobi Global 顾问

8 月尚未过半,彭博社披露 Huobi 创始人李林正在寻求以 30 亿美元的估值出售其在该交易平台的多数股权,当时传言孙哥已进行初步洽谈,随后被其予以否认。

不过从事件后续发展看,易主后的 Huobi 现在确实是孙哥说了算,内部会上的高喊「赋能 HT」,高层大换血,孙哥已经是 Huobi 名义上的管理人了。

Tornado Cash 遭美国财政部制裁,遭制裁地址大量向名人小额转账

图片来自网络

这是加密货币史上最严厉的制裁,以太坊混币平台 Tornado Cash 被美国财政部海外资产控制办公室(The Office of Foreign Assets Control of the US Department of the Treasury, OFAC)列入 SDN List(美国特别制定国民名单)。财政部的理由言之凿凿,称 Tornado Cash 自 2019 年成立以来,已被用于洗钱超 70 亿美元,这是打击犯罪的必要举措。

这是历史上第一次发生的协议遭制裁,纵使高举「技术无罪」旗帜的加密拥趸通过恶意污染地址进行无声地抵抗,Tornado 依旧遭受毁灭性重创,被多个协议前端封禁、开发者被捕、代码从 GitHub 撤下、网站域名被封等。

铁拳下的 Tornado 引起加密社区热议:秉持去中心化精神的加密世界是否有能力应对中心化攻击?同样的,甚至连以太坊网络也受牵连陷入监管危机。这是第一次,大家对区块链与生俱来的抗审查性有了怀疑。V 神公开回应,若监管通过验证节点对以太坊进行审查,会将其视为对以太坊的攻击,选择通过共识将该节点销毁。

9 月

以太坊合并成功

图片来自网络

9 月注定是今年最受瞩目和期待的月份。9 月 15 日 14 时 43 分,以太坊成功完成主网和信标链的合并,标志着以太坊工作量证明(PoW)的淘汰以及向权益证明(PoS)的完全过渡。自「转型 PoS」出现在 2014 年以太坊白皮书中之后,社区等待这一时刻已有足足八年。

V 神盛赞「合并是以太坊生态系统的重要时刻。」根据其 11 月 5 日发布的更新版路线图,以太坊愿景绝不止步于此,突破无解的「不可能三角」,整个加密世界仍会继续见证、共创无数个奇迹时刻。

V 神新书《Proof of Stake》

图片来自网络

灵魂绑定概念初出茅庐,V 神自己提出的概念自己身先士卒。他的十年文集《Proof of Stake》数字版以 SBT(灵魂绑定 Token)NFT 形式铸造。

同月,BNB Chain 灵魂绑定 Token BAB 上线,ApeSwap 等多个项目宣布将为 BAB Token 持有者提供专属福利。截至发稿,BAB 有效铸造总量突破 54 万枚,这大概就是熊市还活跃的加密用户数量吧。

10 月 BNB Chain 官方桥遭黑客攻击

加密史上最大的链上攻击发生在 10 月,7.18 亿美元损失令人咂舌。然而,9 小时恢复出快的迅疾速度、BNB 几乎稳定的币价、CZ 全程发声称事件尽在掌握等,再次使 BNB Chain 团队面临「过度中心化」的质疑声音。关于 CZ 权力过大的 meme 席卷加密社区,不过一个月后,我们发现 CZ 已经代表行业了。

Aptos 空投引爆「撸毛热」

10 月 18 日,万众瞩目的 Aptos 宣布主网「Aptos Autumn」正式启动,Aptos 官方向超过 11 万社区用户空投了逾 2000 万枚 APT,根据当时 APT 价格,人均空投金额至少在万元以上,更有不少科学家当即宣布从 Web3 毕业。

在熊市,如此硬核的空投力度激起社区无限 FOMO 情绪。一夜之间,加密社区开启花式内卷,涌入各个尚未发币的项目。同样由 Facebook 团队打造、基于 Move 的公链 Sui 无疑成为关注焦点,其官方 Discord 宕机 24 小时仍未恢复。12 月底,Sui 基金会重申无空投计划。

马斯克最终成功收购推特

图片来自网络

马斯克抱着洗手盆入主推特,长达半年的收购案终于以 440 亿美元收官。他说要让推特成为世界上最准确的消息源,于是推特迎来多项改革以及大范围裁员。但似乎 Chief Twit 并不好当,不仅 8 美元的认证费屡遭诟病,还被用户票选「应当辞职」。12 月,马斯克表示找到继任者后将辞任,转而管理推特软件和服务器团队。

zkSync 2.0 主网上线

2022 年 Q4 是 ZK Season,zkSync 2.0 主网上线后生态迅速扩展。其开发公司 Matter Labs 完成由 Blockchain Capital 和 Dragonfly 共同领投的 2 亿美元融资,总融资额达 4.58 亿美元。根据 zkSync 路线图,2023 年 Q1、Q2 均有里程碑事件发生,ZK 与 OP 的「Layer2 之争」将如何开展?期待一下明年。

11 月

港府拥抱 Web3

11 月首日,香港特区政府在第 7 届金融科技周之际公布了《香港虚拟资产发展政策宣言》,一时间,香港能否成为「未来 Web3 中心」的讨论让人们在熊市燃起了无限的憧憬和畅想。港府不断向加密行业以及从业者释放利好信号,Twitter Space 中充满人们要投身 building 的雄心壮志。

FTX 暴雷

图片来自网络

只可惜,FTX 暴雷事件旋即发生。这个只用了 3 年就傲视群雄的交易平台,其衰败的速度更出乎所有人的意料。一份几个月前的资产负债表、迟迟不来的回应、CZ 的推文、Binance 宣布收购又反水、市场发现 FTX 高达 80 亿美元的流动性缺口、FTX 申请破产重组,剧情翻转速度之快不给任何人喘息的机会。

这是一场灾难,一场无人生还的灾难,3 年内 SBF 和 FTX 几乎已经触达了行业内每一个角落,他们的覆灭,几乎是将行业连根拔起。3 年内 SBF 接受了多少赞美,11 月就有多少谩骂,直到行业复苏。

轰然倾塌的 FTX 还是一连串破产和 FUD 事件的导火索,曾经的加密巨头像多米诺骨牌一样接连破产,整个加密世界笼罩在恐慌之中。或许是 FTX 太突如其来,市场开始竞相预测下一个暴雷的平台,好提前缓冲一下。但是涟漪效应势不可挡:DCG 和子公司 Genesis 相继出现问题,部分业务不得不暂停,甚至这家全球最大的加密借贷平台也传出要申请破产的流言;BlockFi 等申请破产重组等等。

区块链的其中一项功能是降低信任成本,而 2022 的我们在去杠杆的同时,也去掉了信任。几百亿美元的金融帝国可以在 2 天内度崩瓦解。

信心的重建不是一天两天的事情,我们只能等待。希望 2023 能让我们找到丢失的加密精神,喊出「Long Crypto」。

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Anthropic's updated privacy policy, effective July 8th, has sparked misinterpretations in Chinese social media, primarily concerning new identity verification and data sharing with law enforcement. A detailed comparison reveals these claims are largely unfounded. First, identity verification (including submitting government ID and a live selfie via third-party provider Persona) is not a new July policy. This mechanism was actually implemented in mid-April 2026 for certain high-use or flagged accounts, particularly Claude Max subscribers. The July update merely formally documents this existing practice in the policy text under a new "Verification Data" section. Second, the widespread claim that the new policy lowers the threshold for sharing user data with law enforcement is incorrect. Comparing the new text with the old version (dated September 28, 2025) shows no substantive tightening. While the new policy more clearly structures the conditions for disclosure—including having a "good-faith belief" it's necessary for legal compliance, preventing harm, fraud detection, or enforcing terms—the old policy already allowed Anthropic to disclose data based on its judgment for similar reasons (e.g., protecting safety, preventing fraud, or complying with law). The term "good-faith belief" acts as a limiting standard, not a lowered barrier. A 2025 court case where Anthropic resisted disclosing user data in a copyright lawsuit further demonstrates the complexity of such standards. The policy's actual substantial changes address data flows for Claude's Agent capabilities. New clauses clarify that when users connect third-party services or instruct Claude to perform multi-step tasks (reading files, sending messages), their inputs, outputs, and instructions are shared with those third parties, governed by the third parties' own policies. This update fills a compliance gap for Claude's evolving functionality beyond simple Q&A. Other additions include a "Research Participation Data" section and refined marketing legal bases. Anthropic reaffirms core commitments: not selling user data, keeping Claude ad-free, and allowing users to control if chats are used for model training. Overall, this update is primarily a compliance catch-up to existing product features, not a significant new privacy tightening. The heightened concern stems from conflating April's verification rollout, standard legal clauses, and the genuine new provisions regarding Agent tasks.

marsbit8 dk önce

Claude Requires ID Verification and Facial Recognition? The Facial Recognition Requirement is an Old Story from Two Months Ago, and "Sharing Data with Police" is a Misinterpretation

marsbit8 dk önce

The World Cup Has Only Just Begun, But AI Predictions Already Have Models Hailed as 'Godly' and Others Flipping Over

After only a few days of the World Cup, AI models are being widely used for match predictions, with mixed early results. These models analyze details like scores, upsets, red cards, and key players, offering users in prediction markets an extra layer of analysis beyond odds and news. Qwen gained early attention for its remarkably accurate calls on the opening day, correctly predicting Mexico's 2-0 win over South Africa and Korea's 2-1 victory over the Czech Republic, while also highlighting red card risks and match flow. Copilot had its own highlights, accurately forecasting the Mexico 2-0 result, the Korea 2-1 win, and a surprising 1-1 draw between Brazil and Morocco. However, it also misjudged several matches, like predicting a Swiss win that ended in a draw with Qatar and missing Australia's upset over Turkey. ChatGPT provided detailed pre-match analysis and correctly called the Mexico 2-0 score, explaining factors like home-field advantage. Yet, it struggled to anticipate upsets, often siding with the stronger team on paper, as seen in its missed calls for the Australia-Turkey and Japan-Netherlands matches. Social media tests pitted models like Gemini, Grok, and Claude against each other for the same games, revealing different predictive "scripts" even for the same fixture. Overall, while AI models like Qwen and Copilot have shown promising, high-profile successes in early matches, their consistency and ability to predict genuine upsets remain in question. As the tournament progresses, more data will be needed to determine which models offer the most reliable insights for prediction markets.

Odaily星球日报12 dk önce

The World Cup Has Only Just Begun, But AI Predictions Already Have Models Hailed as 'Godly' and Others Flipping Over

Odaily星球日报12 dk önce

The Unfinished Tale of Jueying, DaXiao Robotics Swiftly "Raises Funds"

Following a major fundraising round involving several prominent investment institutions, DaXiao Robotics, a company backed by SenseTime, has secured hundreds of millions of US dollars in financing for the first half of 2026. This move signals SenseTime's renewed and substantial bet on "Physical AI" through embodied intelligence, following the relative underperformance of its autonomous driving unit, Jueying. While Jueying achieved mass production partnerships in the smart vehicle sector, it failed to become a pivotal player in the high-level autonomous driving landscape, leading to its gradual independence from SenseTime's core financials. DaXiao Robotics now emerges as SenseTime's next major venture into the physical world. The new funding will focus on developing a "world model" and integrated hardware-software solutions for commercial applications like retail, security, and hospitality. This ambition is significantly more complex and capital-intensive than previous projects. A world model requires understanding spatial relationships, physics, and causality to guide robots in long-term tasks, demanding immense computational resources, data, and engineering. The article highlights several challenges. First, the massive funding, while substantial, may still be strained by the high costs of R&D, data collection, and commercial deployment. Second, SenseTime itself, despite narrowing losses, continues its high-investment growth model and cannot solely bankroll this new, expensive endeavor. Third, DaXiao Robotics, led by SenseTime co-founder Wang Xiaogang, carries the technical heritage and resources of its parent company but also potentially its organizational inertia. It operates in a field increasingly dominated by agile, young technical founders. Ultimately, DaXiao Robotics represents SenseTime's attempt to secure a leading industrial position in embodied intelligence—a goal its Jueying unit did not fully achieve in autonomous driving. The new venture starts with strong capital backing, but faces the critical task of rapidly transitioning from technological narrative to sustainable commercial delivery in an early-stage, costly, and highly competitive arena.

marsbit22 dk önce

The Unfinished Tale of Jueying, DaXiao Robotics Swiftly "Raises Funds"

marsbit22 dk önce

Crypto 2029: The Ultimate Forecast for the Four-Year Cycle of the Cryptocurrency Industry

Title: Crypto 2029: The Ultimate Four-Year Cycle Prediction for the Encryption Industry This article outlines a detailed, stage-by-stage prediction for the crypto industry from the present to 2029, focusing on tangible shifts rather than abstract theory. Key predictions include: **2026 Mid-Year:** The market shifts focus from traditional tokens to synthetic perpetual contracts for private company shares (e.g., SpaceX on Hyperliquid), which become primary price discovery tools for pre-IPO assets. Most altcoins languish as the market seeks assets with real underlying value. **2026 Year-End:** The "AI + crypto" narrative fades as the AI industry itself does not require crypto infrastructure, except for prediction markets betting on model performance. Concurrently, a quiet institutional adoption of asset tokenization (e.g., money market funds) begins under new regulations like the CLARITY Act, creating a dual economy. **2027:** Major public blockchain foundations pivot decisively to serve institutional clients with compliance tools and enterprise sales, while quietly building infrastructure for a future wave of accredited retail investors. Three sectors hit growth ceilings: private perpetual contracts (due to legal restrictions on marketing), stablecoins (due to political uncertainty ahead of the 2028 US election), and tokenized assets (due to cautious institutional scaling). **2028:** Speculative trading diminishes as market efficiency drains liquidity. A major liquidation cascade in synthetic perpetual contracts exposes the flaw of lacking a legally enforceable underlying asset. In response, regulations are revised to allow marketing of private security secondary sales to accredited investors. This creates a legal, direct market for private company equity, absorbing much of the demand previously met by synthetic derivatives. **2029:** A new bull market emerges, driven not by tokens but by tradable equity in innovative private companies (biotech, robotics, AI). Tokens without legally enforceable claims to real assets lose all liquidity. Successful blockchains become invisible settlement infrastructure. Stablecoins grow steadily at a policy-capped rate. Speculation becomes a niche. Core Questions Answered: 1. **Token Value:** Determined solely by legally enforceable claims to real-world assets. 2. **Tech Adoption:** Achieved through blockchain-based primary/secondary markets for private equity, not through forcing tokens onto tech firms. 3. **Crypto as Infrastructure:** The transition happens silently; the technology becomes a mundane, unseen utility like traditional settlement systems. The entire thesis hinges on one testable variable: by late 2028, whether accredited retail investors gain legal, direct access to private asset markets. If not, the core premise—that legal frameworks, not technology, are the main bottleneck—fails.

Foresight News29 dk önce

Crypto 2029: The Ultimate Forecast for the Four-Year Cycle of the Cryptocurrency Industry

Foresight News29 dk önce

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